дидактические материалы «Словообразовательные модели»
учебно-методический материал по английскому языку (10 класс) на тему

Теоретическая часть.

Словообразовательные модели существительных.

1.Суффиксы -hood, -ship, -dom.  Существительные образуются от других существительных и прилагательных.

noun/adj + Ʌ = noun

1. hood (child — childhood, neighbour — neighbourhood)
2. ship (friend — friendship, partner — partnership)
3. dom (king — kingdom)

2. Суффиксы  -th, -t, -(i)ty. Существительные образуются от прилагательных.

adj + Ʌ = noun

1. th (возможно чередование гласной в корне слова) (warm — warmth, long — length, strong — strength, wide — width, deep — depth, young — youth)
2. t: high — height
3. (i)ty (electric — electricity)

3. Суффиксы -ment, -age, -ure.  Cуществительные образуются от глаголов.

verb + Ʌ = noun

1. ment
   state — statement (утверждать — утверждение)
   develop — development
2. age
   marry — marriage (жениться — брак, замужество)
   break — breakage
3. ure
   press — pressure (давить — давление)
   please — pleasure
   depart — departure

4. Cуффиксы профессии — ist и суффикс -ee. 

1. ist
   biology — biologist (биология — биолог)
   psychology — psychologist (психология — психолог)
2. ee
   address — addressee (адрес — адресат/ получатель)
   employer — employee (наниматель — служащий)

Практическая часть.

Словообразовательные модели существительных.

Упражнение 1.  

Образуйте от основ выделенных слов существительные с указанными суффиксами и напишите их.

— ment:
1.The child was greatly excited when he received a big bear as a birthday present.
The child’s ____________was very great.

2. My English has improved very little for the last two months.
There is very little ___________ in my English, I am afraid.

3. The children enjoyed entertaining the guests.
They enjoyed giving an _____________ for their guests.

— tion
4. He collected a good library of books.
He had a good __________ of books.

5. The machines exhibited in the hall were very interesting to us.
The machines at the ___________ are very interesting.

6. He said he wanted to continue studying after he graduated from the institute.
He said he wanted to continue studying after….

— ance
7. The scientists had difficulty explaining how the star had disappeared.
They had difficulty in explaining the____________.of the star.

— ence
8. We were surprised to find out how different her speech had become.
We were surprised at the ________________in her speech.

Упражнение 2. Вставьте в пробелы глаголы, образованные от данных в скобках существительных.

1. He said good bye and ____________ (departure)
2. Your pronunciation has _____________ wonderfully. (improvement)
3. The doctor ______________the boy’s arm carefully. (examination)

Упражнение 3. Вставьте в пробелы существительные, образованные от данных в скобках глаголов.

1. This rare book is the first _____________ of Pushkin’s poems. (to edit)
2. The sixth-form pupils’ English ___________was much better this year. (to perform)
3. The dancer’s__________became slower and slower (to move 1).

Упражнение 4. Образуйте существительные от прилагательных.

1. thirsty
2. hot
3. hungry
4. shady
5. high
6. weak

Упражнение 5. Сделай правильный выбор. Переведи предложение.
1. What is the (long, length) of the corridor?
2. How (long, length) is the street?
3. He is not (strong, strength) enough to fight with John?
4. My brother can lift the box because of his (strong, strength).
5. Nelly’s skirt is too (wide, width).
6. We can’t get the piano through the door because of its (wide, width).
7. Is spring a (warmth, warm) season?
8. We felt the (warm, warmth) of the sun on out faces and hands.
9. We were surprised at your formal (polite, politeness).
10. We were not struck by the (white, whiteness) of the snow.

Упражнение 6. Перепишите словосочетания, указав в скобках слово, от которого образовано существительное. Переведите их.

ПРИМЕР. whole-hearted devotion (devote)  — преданность всем сердцем

whole-hearted devotion, gloomy silence, an outstanding novelist, gathering darkness, limitless possibilities, an important addition, a noticeable improvement, complete understanding, widespread popularity, a gymnastic competition, a new acquaintance, a small settlement, an important announcement.

Упражнение 7. Образуйте от данных глаголов существительные, используя суффиксы: -er/-or -ment -(a)tion -ion -age -ure -th.

to construct, to equip, to divide, to inform, to mix, to observe, to move, to break, to direct, to compete, to grow, to press, to radiate, to develop, to protect, to transport, to solve, to recognize , to measure, to fail, to vibrate, to reflect, to treat, to improve, to elect, to educate, to manage, to govern, to achieve, to imagine, to attract

Упражнение 8. Вставьте в пробелы абстрактные существительные, образованные от слов, данных в скобках.

1. Suvorov always showed great courage and __________ . (wise)
2. The traveler had to overcome many __________. (difficult)
3. He sat resting, enjoying the ___________ of the fire. (warm)
4. He suffered from his own __________. (fool)
5. This man has extraordinary __________ . (strong)
6. The balloon floated at the _________of one mile. (high)
7. She remembered the happy days of her __________. (young)
8. The __________ of the canal is seventy kilometres. (long)
9. Its _________ is one hundred metres. (wide)
10. When he came round he felt a strange ____________and could not stand up (weak).