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тест по английскому языку по теме

Australia

Australia is the country in the world that is also a continent. It is the sixth large country and the smallest continent. Australia lies between the South Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. It is situated about 11.000 km southwest of North America and about 3.200 km southeast of mainland Asia. The name of the country comes from Latin word “australis” which means “southern”. The country’s official name is Commonwealth of Australia.

The Commonwealth of Australia is a federation of states. Australia has six states – New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia. Each state has its government. Australia has two territories – the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory. The capital of the country is Canberra.

Australia is a constitutional monarchy like Great Britain. The nation is administered under written constitution. The British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, is also queen of Australia and country’s head of state. But the queen has little power in the Australian government. She serves mainly as a symbol of long historical tie between Great Britain and Australia. Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations which is an association formed by Britain and some of its former colonies.

Australia is one of the world’s developed countries. Australia has modern factories, highly productive mines and farms, and busy cities. It is the world’s leading producer of wool and bauxite (the one from which aluminium is made). It also produces and exports large amounts of other minerals and farm goods. Income from the export enables Australians to have high standard of living. The most important trading partners of Australia are Japan and the United States.

Questions:

1. Where does the Australia lie?
2. What is the official name of the country?
3. What is the capital of the country?
4. Who is the country’s head of state?
5. Is there a written constitution in Australia?
6. What are the main products of Australia?

MY FRIEND

I have many friends. Most of them are my classmates but my best friend is Peter. He is thirteen. Now he is a student of lyceum. He is a good student because he studies hard and is very hard-working. He is especially interested in computers. He often helps me with my English lessons. Now I want to tell you about his appearance. He is tall and strong. He has an oval face, straight nose, dark-brown hair, blue eyes and a nice smile. People find him good-looking.Peter goes in for sports. He plays football and basketball well. His basketball team is very popular at school.

We made friends with Peter when he and his family moved to our house. We have very much in common: we like rock music, enjoy sports. In general, my friend is a very interesting person: he is intelligent, adventurous, outgoing and friendly. But the most important thing is that Peter is honest and kind. I can fully rely on him and trust everything to him. Peter has a great sense of humour and I like to spend my free time with him.

I have another friend. Her name is Helena. She is a schoolgirl and she lives next door. I like her very much. She is a blonde with blue eyes, she is slim and pretty. Her hair is long and she has a nice character. She is chatty, fun-loving and sensitive. We often go to discoes and play bowling together.

 I like all my friends very much. I think they are all my faithful friends.

Questions:

1. Who is your best friend?
2. Where does your friend study?
3. How does your friend look like?
4. What kind of sport does your friend like?
5. How did you make friends?
6. What do you have in common?
7. Do you like to spend your free time with your friends?
8. Can you call all your friends faithful?
9. Is the sense of humour important in friendship?
10. What are the hobbies of your friends?

Match the opposites in the columns:

1 adventurous          A chatty

2 shy                           B kind

3 secretive                 C home-loving

4 selfish                      D weak

5 caring                      E careless

6 relaxed                    F practical

7 beautiful                 G fun-loving

8 sad                           H ugly

9 romantic                  I bubbly

10 strong                    J hard-working

Characterize the person who…

1. Likes talking to different people – c…
2. Wants more food, more toys than the others – s…
3. Feels at home in every place and situation – c…
4. Can sing, dance, draw very well – a…
5. Lives in a virtual, unreal life – d…
6. Shows emotions when watching touching films – s…

Translate into English:

Мой лучший друг  - Максим.  Ему 14 лет,  он учится в 8 классе в моей школе.  Мы подружились много лет назад, когда он переехал в мой дом. Сейчас Максим – высокий худой парень с короткими черными волосами и умными серыми глазами. Он спортивный и сильный. Характер  у Максима легкий – он общительный, уверенный и любит приключения. Я люблю проводить свободное время с Максимом, он веселый  и шумный. Но еще Макс  -мой  верный друг, я могу ему доверять.

OLYMPIC GAMES

The first Olympic Games took place in Greece more than two thousand and seven hundred years ago. Every year there was no war for five days and sport competitions took place. The athletes competed in running, jumping and discus throwing. No women were allowed to take part or to watch the competitions. The Greek Olympic Games took place at the mount Olympus. They were organized for six hundred years.

The modern Games started again in 1896. They take place every five years. They cannot take place in a country which is at war, and during the two world wars there were no Olympic Games.

There are winter and summer Games. Sportsmen from many countries compete with each other in athletics, swimming, boxing, gymnastics, basketball, football and others. But in winter there are competitions in skiing, skating, biathlon, freestyle, ice-hockey, figure-skating and others.

The 22nd Summer Olympic Games of 1980 took place in Moscow, Russia. It was a festival of youth and sport and friendship. Our sportsmen won 26 gold medals. The 24th Winter Olympic Games will take place in Sochi, Russia. It will be a great holiday for all people in the world.

The sportsmen who take first place at the Olympiad, receive gold medals, then come silver and bronze medals. In addition, sportsmen get a lot of money for their records. A lot of sport fans watch TV and support their athletes.

The Olympic Games help world peace and friendship.

Answer the questions:

1. When and where did the first Olympic Games take place?
2. When did the modern Olympic Games start again?
3. What sports do the sportsmen do during Summer Olympic Games?
4. What competitions are there during the Winter Olympic Games?
5. Why are the Games so popular?
6. Are you a fan of the Olympiad? Why or why not?

1.Read the text and match the information in the columns to make true sentences.

2. Find in the text what kinds of research will have been completed by 2020 and underline this information. Work in pairs. Compare your answers with your partner.

3. Read these predictions about life in 2020 and complete them using Future Perfect.

1. Translators (replace) by computers.

2. People (create) temperature - controlled body suits.

3. Scientists (discover) cheap ways of getting energy from natural resources.

4. Ties for men (go) out of fashion.

5. Many new athletic events (add) to the Olympic Games.

4. Discuss the following questions in the group.

* What are the three most important changes that will have occurred on Earth by 2030?

* What are three things you think you’ll have done in the next 20 years?

* What are three things you won’t have done?

* In what ways do you think you’ll have changed (appearance, character, lifestyle, etc)?

SPORTS IN GREAT BRITAIN

The British are known to be great sports-lovers, so when they are neither playing, nor watching games, they like to talk about them. Many of the games we play now have come from Britain.

One of the most British games is cricket. It is often played in schools, colleges, universities and by club teams all over the country. Summer isn’t summer without cricket. To many Englishmen cricket is both a game and a standard of behavior. When they consider anything unfair, they sometimes say “That isn’t cricket”.

But as almost everywhere else in the world, the game which attracts the greatest attention is football, or soccer. Every Saturday from late August till the beginning of May, large crowds of  people support their favourite teams in football grounds. True fans will travel from one end of the country to the other to see their team play. International football matches take place at Wembley.

Rugby is also very popular, but it is played mainly by amateurs. Next to football, the chief spectator sport in British life is horse-racing. A lot of people are interested in the races and risk money of the horse which they think will win. The Derby is perhaps the most famous single sporting event in the whole world.

Britain is also famous for motor-car racing, dog-racing, boat-racing, and even races for donkeys. The famous bout-race between the teams of Oxford and Cambridge attracts large crowds of people.

A great number of people play and watch tennis. Tennis tournaments at Wimbledon are known all over the world. The innumerable tennis courts of Britain are occupied by people between the ages of 16 and 60 who show every degree of skill – from practically helpless to the extremely able.

The British also like to play golf, baseball, hockey, grass-hockey. Various forms of athletics, such as running, swimming, boxing are also popular. You can sometimes hear that there are no winter sports in England. Of course the English weather is not always cold enough to ski, skate, or toboggan, but winter is a good season for hunting and fishing.

Questions

1. Are the British fond of watching sport games?

2. What kind of sport is especially associated with Britain?

3. What is cricket for an Englishmen?

4. What is the most popular game in the world?

5. Where do the Cup finals take place?

6. Is rugby played by professionals?

7. What kinds of racing are popular in Britain?

THE FATHER OF ASTRONAUTICS

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky was a cheerful, eccentric, self-educated genius. Deaf from scarlet fever at childhood, he had no formal schooling. But he was a natural mathematician, a practical inventor, a writer of science fiction and a research worker. He was born in 1857 in Kaluga. In March, 1883 Tsiolkovsky completed an extraordinary work Free Space, on how it was possible to orbit a sputnik around the Earth. This was probably the first use of the word “sputnik”.

He discussed how to create sputniks and the speed of their movement in orbit. Sixty-two years later, when the first sputnik was launched, it orbited at a height of about 300 versts and its speed reached eight versts a second, as the old scientist had told.

This self-taught scientist was not interested only in the theory of space travel. In 1878 he constructed a primitive centrifuge to test-on chickens and mice-the effect of acceleration and overloading on living organisms.

At this time, too, he sketched instruments which could simulate conditions of weightlessness on the ground. Now all these sketches and manuscripts are in his museum-home at Kaluga, about 1—miles west of Moscow.

In his work on the effects of speed he developed the principle of hermetically sealed space capsules similar to the one used by Gagarin. Experiment on stresses on the human body is still carried today.

In 1903 Tsiolkovsky published the Scientific Review on Space Research by Jet Engines, a work which is widely read today by specialistics in this field.

In his modest cottage at Kaluga, in the time he could spare from teaching mathematics at a local school, he carried out his scientific work, but he was poorly paid and had no money to finance experiments. His life changed with the revolution, and practically everything he wrote saw the light of day. The principles for multi-stage rockets were describes by Tsiolkovsky. On his 75th birthday meetings were held throughout the Soviet Union to honour him the “Red Banner of Labour”. He died in 1935 confident that his lifetime’s work would be realized.

SIGNS OF ZODIAC AND THEIR QUALITIES

1. CAPRICORN – kind, patient, hardworking / bossy, critical, materialistic

2. AQUARIUS – loyal, reliable, honest / temperamental, impractical, fanatical

3. PISCES –trusting, creative, intellectual / depressive, lazy, gloomy

4. ARIES – brave, serious, strong, optimistic/ tactless, stubborn, impatient

5. TAURUS – reliable, tactful, honest/ unforgiving, materialistic, stubborn

6. GEMINI – cheerful, intelligent, creative/ unreliable, selfish, difficult

7. CANCER – loyal, romantic, friendly / lazy, unambitious, rude

8. LEO – happy, generous, emotional / materialistic, moody, arrogant

9. VIRGO – hardworking, sociable, honest / critical, cold, miserly

10. LIBRA – easy, optimistic, harmonious/ jealous, greedy, escapist

11. SCORPIO – energetic, highly-principled, charming/ boastful, sly, vengeful

12. SAGITTARIUS – generous, practical, trusting/ relaxed, undisciplined, risky