"Политическая система Америки"
презентация к уроку (8 класс) по теме

Test

1. The President is elected for …

 a) three years

b) four years

c) six years

2. The Congress consists of …

a) four parts

b) three parts

c) two parts

        3. The head of state is a …

a) King

b) Prime Minister

c) President

4. The Constitution was written in....

a) 1987

b) 1878

c) 1787

        5. The judicial branch is made up of …

a) President and Vice-President

b) Federal District Courts

c) Department Secretaries

`6. The federal power is located in Washington, D.C.

a) Washington, D.C.

b) New York

c)Los Angeles

        7. There are … members in the House of Representatives and … senators in Congress.

a) 535, 100

b) 435, 100

c) 100, 345

Keys

1. b

2. a

3.c

4. c

5. b

6. a

7. b

Today I’m going to give you a general overview of the political system of the USA.

I’ve divided my presentation into 3 points:

- Firstly, about the Constitution of the USA.

- Secondly, about branches of power.

- Thirdly, about the Bill of Rights.

Let me begin by describing of the Constitution the USA.

The United States of America is a federal republic consisting of 50 states. Each state has its own government. In some ways the United States is like 50 small countries.

        The government of the USA acts according to the Constitution which was signed by the first thirteen representatives of thirteen original American states in 1787. The document was written in 1787 and since that time twenty six Amendments have been added. The first ten Amendments were simply rights or the Bill of rights. According to the Constitution the USA is a republic. So, the officials of any rank are elected by US citizens. Every citizen has rights which cannot be violated.

The Constitution proclaims a federal system of government which keeps both the states and the federal power from getting too much power. It means that the federal government is given certain powers, for example, to make peace or war, to issue money and to regulate the trade and so on.

The federal power is located in Washington, D.C. It is based on legislative, executive and juridical branches of power.

Let’s move on to branches of power.

The legislative power is vested in Congress, which consists of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. There are 435 members in the House of Representatives and 100 senators in Congress. Each state elects two members for the Senate.

The executive branch is headed by the President who is assisted by the Vice President. The President enforces federal laws, serves as commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. The President can veto a bill unless Congress by a two-thirds vote shall overrule him. The Vice President, elected from the same political party as the President, acts as chairman of the Senate, and in the event of the death of the President, assumes the Presidency. The President of the USA is chosen in nationwide elections every 4 years together with the Vice-President. The President cannot be elected for more than two terms. The Cabinet is made up of Department Secretaries. The most important of them is the Secretary of State, who deals with foreign affairs.

The judicial branch is made up of Federal District Courts, 11 Federal Courts and the Supreme Court. Federal judges are appointed by the President for life. Federal courts decide cases involving federal law, conflicts between citizens of different states.

That brings me to the third point

Constitution has been amended twenty six times. The Bill of Rights guarantees individual liberties: freedom of word, religion and so on. Later amendments abolished slavery, granted the vote to women and colour people and allowed citizens to vote at the age of 18.

So, that brings me to the end of my presentation.

To sum up, we’ve looked at the political system of the USA.

I hope you’ve gained a better insight into the political system of the USA.