The Passive Voice презентация к учебнику Spotlight 8 класс
презентация к уроку по английскому языку (8 класс)

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to be+V 3 A cake is baked by Mike . The window is broken .

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У потребляется: 1. Когда исполнитель действия неизвестен, неважен или очевиден из контекста. Му ring was stolen yesterday. ( исполнитель неизвестен). The parcel will be delivered today. ( исполнитель неважен). The thief was arrested . ( исполнитель очевиден: by the police) . 2. Когда действие более важно, чем исполнитель (в статьях, инструкциях, рекламе). Smoking is not allowed . Potatoes are baked for about twenty minutes. 3. Когда мы хотим выделить исполнителя. The deal was signed by the president himself . St. Petersburg was founded by Peter I. 4. Чтобы сделать высказывание более официальным и вежливым. My new vase has been broken . ( это звучит более вежливо , чем “He has broken my new vase”)

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А ctive Passive Present Simple He delivers letters . Letters are delivered. Past Simple He delivered the letters . The l etters were delivered. Present Continuous He is delivering the letters . The l etters are being delivered. Past continuous He was delivering the letters The l etters were being delivered. Present Perfect He has delivered the letters . The l etters have been delivered. Past Perfect He had delivered the letters . The l etters had been delivered. Future Simple He will deliver the letters The l etters will be delivered.

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А ctive Passive Infinitive He has to deliver the letters The l etters have to be delivered. Modal verbs He must deliver the letters The l etters must be delivered.

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Negative Question Present Simple He is not asked. Is he asked? Past Simple He was not asked. Was he asked? Present Continuous He is not being asked. Is he being asked? Past continuous He was not being asked. Was he being asked? Present Perfect He has not been asked. Has he been asked? Past Perfect He had not been asked. Had he been asked? Future Simple He will not be asked. Will he be asked?

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Мы используем by + исполнитель действия , чтобы сказать кто или что осуществляет действие. Мы используем with + иструменты /материал/ ингредиенты , чтобы сказать чем пользовался исполнитель при совершении действия. from + ингредиенты A cake was made by Tina. It was made with eggs, flour and sugar. The song for the music video is chosen by the music producer. The rope was cut with scissors.

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Существительное, обозначающее исполнителя действия может быть опущено, если подлежащее в предложении действительного залога выражено словами: They, he, someone, somebody, people, one Someone has left the door unlocked. The door has been left unlocked.

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Переходные Глаголы (могут иметь при себе прямое дополнение) Страдательный залог Непереходные Глаголы ( не могут иметь при себе прямое дополнение) Страдательный залог Popov invented the radio in 1895. – The radio was invented by Popov1n 1895. A n accident happened last night. Некоторые переходные глаголы have, fit, suit, resemble не имеют формы страдательного залога. She resembles her mother. (Not: Her mother is resembled by her.

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Глаголы + два дополнения: bring, tell, send, show, teach, promise, sell, offer, give, lend образуют две модели страдательного залога. They offered him a job. Не was offered a job. A job was offered to him. ( употребляется реже) НО! to explain, to announce, to dictate, to read, to write, to suggest образуют одну модель страдательного залога, где роль подлежащего выполняет неодушевленное существительное. The teacher explained the rule to us. The rule was explained to us. We were explained the rule.

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Специальный вопрос When is the room cleaned ? How will your cat be named? Why the door has been broken by him? Who was the first computer invented by ? Who will the tickets be booked by ?

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В разговорном английском get используется вместо be для указания того, что что-то произошло случайно. She got hurt when she was working in the garden. The cheque got lost in the mail.