Схема "Времена (Tenses)"
методическая разработка по английскому языку

Present (настоящее)

-постоянные действия

- общеизвестные факты

-расписание, планы

-инструкции

+             +  V1 (s/es)

I/we/they   go to school every day.

She/he goes to school every day.

Usually

Always

Often

Sometimes

Rarely

Every day /week /year

               Don’t__

•          Doesn’t  +  V1

I/we/they don’t go to school every day.

She/he doesn’t go to school every day.

     Do_        

 ?  Does            + V1 ?          

Do you/they go to school every day?

Does he/she go to school every day?

Past (прошедшее)

- действие, совершенное в прошлом

+             +  V2 / Ved

I/we/they/she/he went to school yesterday.

Yesterday

Last week / year

Ago

•          Didn’t  +  V1

I/we/they/she/he didn’t go to school yesterday.

 ?  Did            + V1 ?          

Did they/she/he go to school yesterday?

Future (будущее)

- действия, которые возможно произойдут в будущем

+             +  will + V1

I will go to school tomorrow.

Tomorrow

Next

In a week

tonight

•          won’t   +  V1

I won’t go to school tomorrow.

 ?  will            + V1 ?          

Will she go to school tomorrow?

Present (настоящее)

- происходящее в данный момент

-запланированные действия в будущем

+                am_ 

               + is__  + Ving

                   are  

She is studying now.

Now

At the moment

Still  

            am_ 

-        + is__  not + Ving

            are              

She isn’t studying now.

     am_ 

?   is__  +         + Ving ?

    are            

Are you studying now?

Past (прошедшее)

- действие, совершенное в прошлом в конкретный момент времени

+                was  

               + were  + Ving

She was studying at 6 o’clock yesterday.

at ….. o’clock yesterday

when you

while

all day

             was_ 

-        + were  not + Ving

She wasn’t studying at 6 o’clock yesterday.

     was_ 

?   were  +         + Ving ?

Was she studying at 6 o’clock yesterday?

Future (будущее)

- действия, которые возможно произойдут в будущем

+             +  will be + Ving

I will be going to school at 8 o’clock tomorrow.

At …. o’clock tomorrow

When you come tomorrow  

•          won’t be  +  Ving

I won’t be going to school at 8 o’clock tomorrow.

 ?  will             be + Ving ?          

Will she be going to school tomorrow?

Present (настоящее)

- недавно завершившееся действие

- не указано, в какое время действие закончилось

+                Have 

               + Has    + V3/Ved

I have already done my homework.

She has painted a picture.

Already

Just

Yet

Recently

Never

            Have 

-        + Has    not + V3/Ved

I haven’t done my homework yet.

     Have 

?   Has  +         + V3/Ved?

Has he gone to the USA?

Past (прошедшее)

- действие, завершенное в прошлом

+                  

               + Had    + V3/Ved

She had finished this picture by 6 o’clock.

by ….. o’clock when you

after

before

-        + Had  not + V3/Ved

She hadn’t finished this picture by 6 o’clock.

?   Had  +         + V3/Ved?

Had she finished this picture by 6 o’clock?

Future (будущее)

- действия, которые возможно произойдут в будущем

+         +  will have +V3/Ved

I will have finished this picture by 6 o’clock tomorrow.

by …. o’clock tomorrow

until

till

•      won’t have + V3/Ved

I won’t have finished this picture by 6 o’clock tomorrow.

 ?  will        have  + V3/Ved?          

Will she have finished this picture by 6 o’clock tomorrow?

Present (настоящее)

- действие началось и длилось в течение некоторого времени и завершилось к моменту речи (либо еще продолжается)

+                Have 

               + Has    been + Ving

I have been playing the guitar for 5 years.

For

Since

All day long

            Have 

-        + Has   not been + Ving

I haven’t been watching this film all day long.

     Have 

?   Has  +         + been + Ving?

Has he been watching this film all day long?

Past (прошедшее)

-  действие всегда привязано к другому действию в прошлом для того, чтобы показать, что первое началось и продолжалось до того момента, как началось второе.

+                  

               + Had  been + Ving

She had been watching this film for 2 hours when you came home.

For

Since

long

before

-        + Had  not + been + Ving

I hadn’t been watching this film long when you called me.

?   Had  +         + been + Ving?                

Had you been watching this film long when I called you?

Future (будущее)

- продолженное действие, которое завершится в будущем к какому-то конкретному моменту.

+         +  will have + been + Ving

I will have been watching this film for 2 hours when you come home.  

For

Since

long

next  

•      won’t have + been + Ving

I won’t have been watching this film long when you come home.  

 ?  will        have  + been + Ving?          

Will you have been watching this film long when you come home?