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Buryat Traditional Clothing

Vocabulary:

To resemble-напоминать

a robe –халатик

 a deel-

to conserve- забота, участие

to fasten- застегивать

1. Buryat clothing

Buryat clothing reflects a greater Central Asian and Siberian tradition of ethnic costume and it is no coincidence that it resembles Mongol, Manchu, Tuvan, Altai, Tungus, and Yakut traditional dress.

Buryat clothing most closelyresembles Mongolian traditional dress, which consists of a long robe, known as a deel, it is worn over trousers. The Buryat word for this robe is digil, which is the ancient Mongolian word for this item of clothing.The digil is perfectly adapted to the Siberian climate, which has below freezing temperatures at least at night for all seasons. It is also well adapted for riding horses, that is the reason why it was traditionally worn with trousers by both sexes. In order to further conservewarmth in cold weather, the digilfastens at the right e is a double thickness of cloth (and fur in the winter digil covering the vital organs of the chest and belly.

Do the tasks:

I. Find in the text:

Очень напоминает, состоит из, халатик, приспособлен, для езды верхом, для мужчин и женщин, чтобы согреть,

II.Answer the questions:

1.What does Buryat clothing closely resemble?

2.Mongolian dress consists of a long robe,doesn,t it?

3.What is perfectly adapted to the Siberian climate?

4. Why wasdigil traditionally worn with trousers by both sexes?

II.Summer dress

Vocabulary:

a behen, sash –пояс, кушак

the triple bars - триполосы

a chest – грудь

ahallmark – отличительныйзнак

heavens-  небеса

a band – повязка, ободок

In summer a woman wears a vestover her digil, while the man wears a behen, sash. Note that the man's digil has the triple bars of blue, black, and red across his chest. This is one of the hallmarks of traditional Buryat clothing, especially in men's robes, and it has a shamanic meaning. The bars represent the three worlds of shamanic cosmology, blue for the heavens (upper world), black for the earth, and red for the lower world. In some costumes the colors of the bands may vary, but it is a distinctive Buryat design. A detail of this pattern is shown at right on a uheteidigil (fur-lined digil), in this case also called a hurgandigil (lambskin digil), which is traditional winter dress.

Do the task:

I. Answer the questions:

1. What does a man wear instead of a west?

2. How many bars are there on the man’s digil?

3. What are the triple bars mean?

4. How does it look like the traditional winter dress?

II. Discuss the man’s winter dress

III.  Buryat women's winter dress.

Vocabulary:

lambskin- овчина

cuffs-  манжеты

a mink- норка

sleeves -рукава

a tapered shape –коническаяформа

a muff - муфта

a chunk – часть, кусочек

Above is a woman in traditional winter dress lined with lambskins. The very richest Buryats once lined their winter clothing with wild animal skins, but generally these skins are now only used for hats, such as the mink which lines this woman's hat.  The cuffs on the end of the sleeves, these are known as nudarga and are also found on summer clothing such as the dancers are wearing at the top of this page. These cuffs are often said to symbolize horse's hooves because of their tapered shape; yet they have a very practical function. In the wintertime they are turned down to add extra length to the sleeve so that the hands may be warmed inside them much like Europeans use a muff. The turned down nudarga may also be used like a mitten to pick up cold objects such as chunks of ice. In the winter the vest which women usually wear over the digil is not worn.

Do the task:

Find in the text:

подкладка изовчины; в основном использовали только для шапок; манжеты символизируют; практическая направленность(функция); выворачиваются; используются как рукавицы.

IY. Buryat women's summer dress

Vocabulary:

tailor- портной

a segment- фрагмент, часть

athumb- большой палец руки

topuff- застегивать

depict- изображать

Above is an example of Buryat women's summer dress. Note the similarities and differences from the winter costume. One thing which is similar is the tailoring of the sleeves, which is unique to Buryat folk costume. The segmenting of the sleeve represents the thumb. Imagine the main part of the digil as the palm of the hand, then the puffed upper part of the sleeve is the puffed part of the hand directly below the thumb. The two bands of fancy material in the sleeves represent the base and middle joints of the thumb. The origin of this symbolism is unknown. Note how the summer dress for women depicted on this page shows both long and short hantaz, vests. "sashless."

Do the task:

Compare winter and summer dress

Y. Headdress

Vocabulary:

Pendants –подвески

isobscured- скрытый, невидимый

brim - край

amber - янтарь

In the picture below are Buryat men and women in traditional dress. Note the long vests worn by the women here, in contrast to the short ones worn in the pictures above. The long vest is more typical of the western Buryats. The long vest was typical of women's dress from Chinggis Khan's time. Among some Buryat groups the behen is multicolored, such as worn by the old woman above. A characteristic of the sash worn by Siberian men is that the ends are left hanging down, such as the men below.

Please note the pointed conical hat worn by most of the Buryats. The conical hat is the ancient headdress. Buryats say that the conical shape represents the connection of the individual with Tenger, Father Heaven. It has much the same symbolism as the oboo. Woman traditionally wore finely crafted silver ornaments and chains as pendants from their malgai, hat. The women's hats that appear cylindrical still have the pointed top but the top is obscured by the tall brims decorated with coral and amber.

Here are some men competing in the Surharban, the traditional Mongolian games held in Ulan-Ude in the early summer. This shows the great variation in digil length and styling among various Buryat groups. The man at the left is probably a western Buryat, for he has a long robe with a very fancy border. The man in the middle is wearing a digil not too much different, which is fairly plain. The man on the right is wearing a short digil, which is often worn by the Hongoodor Buryats living in the eastern Sayan Mountains of southeastern Buryatia.

IY. Buryat traditional footwear

Vocabulary:

 leather boots – кожаныесапоги

felt - войлок

animal fur -мех

the shin

 tiny seed bead- крошечныйбисер

Buryat traditional footwear is the gutal, thick leather boots lined with felt and animal fur. They are very warm and protect the feet even in cold weather of -40 or more. The part of the gutal covering the shin may be lined with either thick felt or fur. The toe is turned up slightly. The turned up tip is said to be designed so that the toe will not touch the sacred Mother earth while walking. Buryat gutal are so warm they are popular in winter. Buryats also like to wear the Yakut or Evenk style boot in the wintertime, which is made of deer’s skin with fur inside and out, the tops are decorated with a band of ornamental beadwork made of tiny seed beads. Those boots closely resemble the traditional boots of the Athabascans of Alaska. Unfortunately there is no picture available of this type of gutal.

Базарова В.Ю. ВИСОШ учитель английского языка