Egypt (МХК в 7 классе на английском языке)
презентация к уроку по английскому языку (7 класс) на тему

Ancient Egypt

1. Egypt: the origins of culture.

2. Pyramids are timekeepers.

3. The mysterious Sphinx

4. Some facts about Egypt

5. Conclusion

6. Activity with the alphabet

7. Homework

1. Egypt: the origins of culture.

The ancient Egyptian civilization has attracted the attention of mankind since ancient times. In ancient times The Arab Republic of Egypt was one of the most powerful and mysterious civilizations, which attracted the attention of contemporaries for centuries.

While Europe and America were dominated by Stone Age primitive hunters, ancient Egyptian engineers were building irrigation channels along the Great Nile, the ancient Egyptian mathematicians were calculating the square base and the angle of slope of the Great Pyramids, the ancient Egyptian architects built great temples that still make brain reel.  

According to the historical facts, Ancient Egypt was divided into three historical eras. These eras are known as the Ancient kingdom, the Average kingdom and the New kingdom. Some various dynasties alternately replaced each other on a Pharaoh’s throne during these times. The Pharaoh was considered as the descendant of Ra, god of the sun, by official Egyptian religion.

Traditionally scientists consider that the Egyptian history began in 3200 BC when the king Menes (also known as Narmer) united the Upper and Lower Kingdoms.

Ancient Egyptians worshipped more than 1000 different gods and goddesses. The most reserved was Ra, god of the sun.

2. Pyramids are timekeepers.

In the history of the Egyptian art the leading role belonged to architecture. The Egyptian pyramids are the most ancient and massive monuments from a stone in the world. They were created to terrify people and to draw their attention.

The first Egyptian pyramid was the step pyramid for Pharaoh Dzhoser in Sakkara, constructed in 2600 BC. It was surrounded with the ten-meter wall where 15 doors were and only one door was open.

The weight and space relation was a special feature of pyramids: the funeral camera, where there was a sarcophagus with a mummy, was very small, and long and narrow corridors brought to it. The spacial element was minimized.

A classical sample of such constructions is the well-known Great pyramid of Pharaoh Cheops. It took 20 years to build it. It was constructed of more than two million blocks of limestone, each of which weighs as two and a half elephants. Its height is 149 m (it is higher than the Statue of Liberty. The basis of the Great pyramid occupies the space approximately equal to five football fields.

As time goes on, the power of the Egyptian state fell. Due to the changing economic conditions the construction of giant stone pyramids was impossible. The size of these pyramids significantly reduced. As a construction material the brick raw served now generally, and the way of a lying of a pyramid sharply changed. It is not surprising therefore that these pyramids represent now heaps of ruins. Later the constructions of the pyramids were stopped and people took up building temples and tombs in the cliffs.

3. The mysterious Sphinx

The special place in Egyptian art is the famous Great Sphinx. The basis of the Great Sphinx is a natural rock, which by its shape resembled the shape of a lying lion. The sizes of the Sphinx are huge: its height — 20 m, length — 57 m. There is a uraeus on a forehead — a sacred snake that on beliefs of Egyptians protects Pharaohs and gods. There is the artificial beard under a chin which was carried by the Egyptian tsars and the nobility. Face of the Sphinx was painted in brick-red colour; stripes of the scarf were blue and red. Despite the huge size, the face of the Sphinx still conveys the main features of the portrait of the pharaoh Khafre.

In ancient times, the Sphinx, a huge monster with the face of Pharaoh, was to show the idea of ​​superhuman power of the rulers of Egypt.

4. Some facts about Egypt

In Egypt men and women put a make-up on eyes called “kohl”. It was made of the certain pounded crude material mixed with oil. In the beginning the make-up was used not for beauty, but for protection against scorching beams of the Sun.

Rich Egyptians wore wigs, poorer ones braided hair in tails. From the birth till 12 years boys were shaved, leaving only the small braided tail. They did it in order to avoid situations when they could get fleas and louses.

The Pharaoh never showed his hair — he always had to carry a special head-dress which was called “nemes”. The sample of such head-dress we can see on a gold mask of Pharaoh Tutankhamen.

Children of Egypt didn't wear clothes till the age of 10.  Men usually wore skirts and women – dresses.

Hieroglyphs were created approximately in the 3000th year BC and, most likely, they were early wall drawings. As distinct from 26 English letters, there are more than 700 various Egyptian hieroglyphs.

5. Conclusion

Egyptian art has had a strong influence on the subsequent development of the world culture. It became the basis and model for the Cretan-Mycenaean culture of ancient Greece.

Вопросы для домашнего задания (9 человек)

1. The Acropolis
2. The gods of Egypt (talk about any god of Egypt).
3. Ancient Greek theatre
4. The Olympian gods
5. Construction and Architecture in Ancient Egypt.
6. Construction and Architecture in Ancient Greece.
7. Myths of Ancient Greece.
8. Myths and Legends of Ancient Egypt.
9. Athens is the cultural center of Ancient Greece.
10. Painting and sculpture in ancient Egypt.
11. Hercules is a favorite hero of ancient Greece.

Questions: 1) The largest river of Egypt? (Neil) 2) What Dynasty pharaohs built the largest pyramid? (fourth) 3) What is the Sphinx? (Statue of a lion's body and a human head) 4)

"If you're curious, you'll know a lot." Socrates - BREAKDOWN

Envy is the ulcer of the soul.  Зависть – это язва души.