Тренировочный вариант №4, ЕГЭ по английскому языку, письменная часть.
материал для подготовки к егэ (гиа) по английскому языку (11 класс) на тему

Единый государственный экзамен, 2016 г. АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

Единый государственный экзамен по АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ

Инструкция по выполнению работы

Экзаменационная работа по английскому языку состоит из четырёх разделов (аудирование, чтение, грамматика и лексика, письмо), включающих в себя 40 заданий.

На выполнение экзаменационной работы отводится 3 часа (180

минут).

Ответы к заданиям 3–9, 12–18 и 32–38 записываются по приведённому ниже образцу в виде одной цифры, котораясоответствует номеру правильного ответа. Эту цифру запишите в поле ответа в тексте работы, а затем перенесите в бланк ответов № 1.

Ответы к заданиям 1, 2, 10, 11 записываются по приведённому ниже образцу в виде последовательности цифр. Эту последовательность цифр запишите в поле ответа в тексте работы, а затем перенесите в бланк ответов № 1.

Ответы к заданиям 19–31 записываются по приведённому ниже образцу в виде слова (нескольких слов). Ответ запишите в поле ответа в тексте работы, а затем перенесите в бланк ответов № 1.

Раздел 4 («Письмо») состоит из 2 заданий (39 и 40) и представляет собой небольшую письменную работу (написание личного письма и письменного высказывания с элементами рассуждения ). В бланке ответов № 2 укажите номер задания и запишите ответ к нему.

Все бланки ЕГЭ заполняются яркими чёрными чернилами. Допускается использование гелевой, или капиллярной, или перьевой ручек. При выполнении заданий можно пользоваться черновиком.

Записи в черновике не учитываются при оценивании работы. Баллы, полученные Вами за выполненные задания,

суммируются. Постарайтесь выполнить как можно больше заданий и набрать наибольшее количество баллов.

Желаем успеха!

Раздел 1. Аудирование

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между

высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

1. Many people understand the importance of healthy eating.

2. Some children know very little about food and cooking.

3. Good food is very expensive nowadays.

4. You can improve your eating habits by growing food yourself.

5. Local food is tastier and better for your health.

6. People have lost the tradition of family meals.

7. For many people the quality of food is less important than other things.

Ответ:

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G

соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

A. John is going to send a Valentine to one person.

B. Math teachers receive the most Valentines.

C. People generally buy more Christmas cards than Valentines.

D. There is a survey about selling Valentines.

E. The most typical Valentine’s Day presents are flowers and sweets.

F. Mary knows about some Valentine’s Day traditions in a foreign country.

G. John considers colours when buying a bouquet.

Ответ:

Вариант ЕГЭ №4  2016 г.    АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.   (2016)

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3–9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

3       In his course Steven Roberts uses original films with

1. original subtitles.

2. no subtitles.

3. english subtitles.

Ответ:

4      What language input does Steven’s course comprise?

1. slang free language.

2. modern language.

3. traditional word lists.

Ответ:

5       Steven designed his film-based course because

1. people have problems watching film abroad.

2. films reflect real life communication.

3. watching films is the most popular hobby.

Ответ:

6       What activity does Steven NOT mention as a part of his course?

1. grammar exercises.

2. audio tasks.

3. essay writing.

Ответ:    

Вариант ЕГЭ 2016 г.    АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.   (2016)                              2

7. What kind of learners does Steven aim his course at?

1. any level.

2. top level.

3. lower level.

Ответ:

8. How can one get Steven’s book on his film-based course?

1. order by post.

2. download for free from the Internet.

3. buy in a book shop.

Ответ:

9. One of the advantages of a movie club, according to Steven, is that it

1. helps one find new friends.

2. gives a chance to watch new films.

3. is not expensive.

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 1–9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы

 в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера

соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в

заданиях 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других

дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке

в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Вариант ЕГЭ №4  2016 г.    АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.   (2016)                                     3/8

    Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз.  В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.  Vampires are said to be humans who once cheated death by drinking

the blood of others and must therefore continue to drink the blood

of the living in order to remain immortal. Consequently, they are                       believed to have become creatures with supernatural powers, such as                   amazing strength and the ability to hypnotize potential victims. In some

fictionalized accounts of vampires, these creatures can also fly, some-

times after turning into a bat.

2. Though the first cinema films had no sound track, the early picture palaces were not silent. To blot out noise from the projector and the audience and also to create atmosphere, a piano, organ or band, sometimes with many instrumentalists, nearly always provided music. The music was often extemporized or adapted from a stock repertory, but was sometimes composed specially for the film. Increasingly ingenious attempts to replace live players by mechanically reproduced sound led in 1928 to the first talkies.

3. Vampires and zombies have been used in many ways throughout history to represent fears and anxieties about death; particularly the disruption of a peaceful transition into some sort of afterlife. However, these undead creatures are also used to reveal human fear of fates worse than death. Common elements include returning from the dead, biting or bodily fluid exchange as a means of infecting, and significant violence to permanently kill the creature.

4. You eat when you get hungry. It seems so simple. You take a bite out of a sandwich. That bite then begins an amazing journey. That bite goes through every part of your digestive system. Your body digests, or breaks down, the food into smaller and smaller parts. At           the end your blood carries chemicals from your sandwich to every part of your body.
5. Media literacy is the process of critically analyzing media messages and the

 ability to compose messages using media tools and technologies. Media literacy is defined as an extended conceptualization of literacy, the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and communicate messages in a wide variety of forms. The term access generally means the ability to locate information or find and comprehend messages.

6. The study of birds has a substantial hobbyist following, mainly because of the aesthetic appeal of the brightly coloured plumage that many birds exhibit and the fascination of their ability to fly. The observation of patterns of bird migration had a particular scientific significance in ancient times by assisting agricultural calculations; the arrival of a particular species in a locality was often employed as a signal when calendars were still primitive.

7. Although we still have many unanswered questions about why we spend one third of our lives sleeping, we do know that lack of sleep can have many negative effects. In a genetic condition known as fatal familial insomnia, middle-aged people gradually lose the ability to sleep. As the name of the

disorder implies, the result of this sleep loss is eventual death. The exact cause of death is unknown, although the disorder is associated with damage to the thalamus.

Ответ:

                  Вариант ЕГЭ №4  2016 г.    АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.   (2016)

 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите  цифры,  обозначающие  соответствующие  части предложений, в таблицу.

 The Roman Empire

The Roman Empire had a huge task in front of them while it was first starting out and while it was becoming A        The main problem that the book «Discovering the Global Past» points out is

B _        itself growing a little too quickly. The Roman Empire started out very small on the Tiber River and grew abruptly without warning. Before they knew it, they were not a small power C _        with a great number of cultures intertwined within the Roman Empire.

They were now spread over an immense portion of land with much power coming with it. The question now is D                all of this power and continue to dominate the world without any blueprints to help them out from previous dynasties E _        . We now have some evidence to help understand this and to show how it did happen. So courtesy of   the «Discovering the Global Past» they have seven pieces of evidence

F        the challenge of taking on the mastery of world power.

1. how the Roman Empire found
2. because it had never been done before
3. but now one with a great number of people
4. that will help prove that the Roman Empire could  handle
5. to take that role of leadership in the Empire
6. how they are going to be able to handle
7. a dominant dynasty in the early civilizations

                                                                                                                                        4

 Microburst

There are many safety factors that pilots have to take into consideration while completing a safe flight. Everything has to be taken into mind when planning a flight. From weight and balance to preflight inspections. One safety factor that is impossible to have control over is weather. There are many aspects of weather that can affect an aircraft, in this report I will specifically talk about the microburst.

Microbursts are powerful downdrafts associated with thunderstorms. We have been able to identify microbursts through many studies regarding wind shear and meteorology research. Wind shear is basically a rapid change in wind velocity and direction that happen because of many factors in weather conditions. Such conditions include frontal activity, temperature inversions, and thunderstorms amongst other factors.

Wherever there is convective activity such as thunderstorms there is the possibility of a microburst. Microbursts are associated with downdrafts. These are typically only a few hundred to a few thousand feet across. When the downdraft reaches the ground, it spreads out horizontally and may form a vortex around the downdraft.

Unfortunately microbursts can occur without the presence of precipitation being present making the detection of this almost impossible. This is one of the major reasons why there have been so many incidents involving aircrafts and microbursts. There are now many different kinds of service stations that help identify microbursts though. The aircraft accident rate due to microbursts in association with classic severe local storms is practically nonexistent for commercial aviation, since the system is apparently well designed to protect passenger jets against these.

Although most accidents are found to be pilot error due to hazardous attitudes such as ‘macho’ there aren’t many training emphasis on fighting a microburst because most of the time the microburst wins.

From the most famous cases of aircraft accidents associated with microbursts is Delta 191. This flight left from Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International to Los Angeles International Airport in California through Dallas International Airport. The crash happened while the plane was on approach into Dallas. At 1500 the first officer reported seeing lightning ahead yet they continued with the approach. At 800 feet the aircraft accelerated so the crew member reduced power to compensate, then

Вариант ЕГЭ №4  2016 г.    АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.   (2016)

came the adverse effect of the microburst slowing the aircraft down. To compensate for this they added power but the downbursts were to strong and Delta 191 ended up

What of the following is not dependent on pilots?

1. weight.
2. weather.
3. balance.
4. preflight inspections.

Ответ:

Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the text?

1. Microbursts are not as terrible as thunderstorms.
2. Thunderstorms can cause a wind shear.
3. There are a few weather conditions that don't effect on variation of wind velocity.
4. It's impossible to forecast microbursts.

Ответ:

There were many aircrafts because …

1. pilots are not careful.
2. there are bad service stations that help identify microbursts
3. it's not easy to identify microbursts by precipitations .
4. there aren’t many training emphasis on fighting a microburst.

Ответ:

Where, according to the author, the flight of Delta 191 should be finished?

1. Fort Lauderdale.
2. California
3. Dallas
4. Los Angeles    

Ответ:

 Вариант ЕГЭ №4  2016 г.    АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.   (2016)                                        5      

        Delta 191 couldn’t escape crashing because…  

1. the crew members notices lightening very late.
2. pilots were not experienced enough.
3. the crew member reduced power.
4. thunderstorm was very impressive.

Ответ:

                   The attitude of the author towards “macho” is…

1. negative
2. respectful
3. optimistic
4. indifferent

Ответ:

Why doesn’t the author emphasis seriousness of aircrafts caused by pilot error?

1. he likes hazardous attitudes such as”macho”.
2. there were not many aircrafts caused by pilot’s inattentiveness.
3. there is something out of our control.
4. all pilots trained to be able to fight a microburst.

                  Ответ:

                     По окончании выполнения заданий 10–18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

         Вариант ЕГЭ №4  2016 г.    АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.   (2016)    

        Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

        Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–25.

                   Finding Forester

Many people go through life without                                          EXPERIENCE                      _______ a loss of someone close to them early on                                                                      in their life.

A father figure in one’s development is essential to become         REFLECT                    unique. Jamal Wallace in “Finding Forester” did not have a

Father figure when he grew up; this________________on

him negatively.

Jamal  required William Forester as a father figure to advance      

in his writing. With Forester ________________ a steady                BE

pillar for Jamal to stand on, his writing dreams could now

become a reality.

              Thomas Aquinas  

 Thomas Aquinas  (1225-1274) lived during the critical period of    BEAR

Western culture. He__________ into the arrival of Aristotelian

corpus, which was the reopening of the question  between the

relationship of faith and reason.                                                                                

                                                                                                                                       6

  To this point, there 23__________to be an apparent                         BELIEVE                              distinction between the two.

Thomas Aquinas is the 24________classical                                          MORE

Component of natural theology (   Thomas Aquinas), and also

The father of the “Thomistic School of Philosophy”.

This school was the_25______________________________                PRIME

Philosophical approach of the Roman Catholic Church

( Thomas Aquinas).

A deal of paint                                                                                                                                              I have quite a lot of talent – I’m not sure yet how  much -          

and a 26______________complete mastery of most of the                       FAIR

technical requirements; 

that is, I am an instinctive 27_______________and my                          COLOUR

composition is interesting.

I have my difficulties, but who does not? I get on well with              

people, and I ought to be quite as 28_______________as a                  SUCCESS

dozen other painters – but I am not.

I never have been since my very first one-man show, when I            

was discovered by the  29_________, taken up – and                        CRITICISM

very quickly put down again – and sold out.

Sold out is the just phrase. I was twenty-two after that                      

         Вариант ЕГЭ №4  2016 г.    АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.   (2016)                                            

show. Apart from quite a lot of money, the way I understand it, I had                                     one oil painting left, three drawings, and very little common sense,                                      my most 30______________ remaining possession.                                 VALUE

The common sense prevented me from believing what the                       EXACT        critics said and considering myself a genius who would you always                                          be able to live by painting 31________________what he                                                                                                                                                                 wanted to paint when he wanted to paint it.

  Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32–38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32–38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

            How the USA Constitution Began

The USA Constitution was written by fifty-five men who met 32___ Philadelphia Convention in 1787. In four months they wrote the Constitution which has lasted over 200 years!

Many of these men had been leaders during the American Revolution. Most were leaders in their states. Some were rich, but most were not. There were no native Americans 33______ the delegates. There were no women. There were no black men or slaves. Poor farmers were not present 34_____. George Washington, James Madison, and Benjamin Franklin were the three important delegates to the Convention.  George Washington 35____ from Virginia. Then he had retired to his plantation and would have liked to 36____ there. However, his friends 37____him he should attend the convention.                                                                                              

They said his support was necessary to get a new constitution accepted by the people. 38____ Washington thought a stronger national government was necessary, he came to Philadelphia.

1. at           2) in          3) with    4) on

Ответ:

                                                                                                                                   7

1) from       2) among                3) of            4) between

Ответ:

1. neither         2) also      3) either            4) yet

                   Ответ:

1.  ran               2) arrived       3)  went       4)  came

                     Ответ:

1.  remain          2)  continue    3)  stay        4)  keep

                     Ответ:

1. said               2) told            3)  talked      4) spoke

                       Ответ:

1.  while            2)  then          3)  since         4)  as

                     Ответ:

                   По окончании выполнения  заданий 19–38 не  забудьте  перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего  задания,  начиная  с  первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19–31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными  в  бланке образцами.                                            

Вариант ЕГЭ №4  2016 г.    АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс.   (2016)                                            

Раздел 4. Письмо

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Sandra who writes:

...Yesterday our teacher mentioned that many talented people had problems at school. How important are your marks at school for you and why so? Do your parents give you extra pocket money for good marks or encourage you in any other way? What happens if you get a bad mark?

Have I told you that I started taking cooking classes? ...

Write a letter to Sandra. In your letter

• answer her questions
• ask 3 questions about the cooking classes Write 100–140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

                                                                                                                    8

Comment on the following statement.

Getting a good salary is more important than job satisfaction.

What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?

Write 200–250 words. Use the following plan:

• make an introduction (state the problem)
• express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
• express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
• explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
• make a conclusion restating your position

Источники: 2016 Всероссийский проект «Самоподготовка к ЕГЭ» http://vk.com/ege100ballov; http://www.fipi.ru/content/otkrytyy-bank-zadaniy-ege