Карточки-памятки по английской грамматике.
учебно-методический материал по английскому языку (9 класс) на тему

   Clauses of Purpose – придаточные предложения цели.

              Вводятся при помощи:

1. To \ in order to\ so as to + глагол

E.g. He is running to \ in order to \ so as to catch the bus.

2.    so that + can \ will (настоящее \ будущее)

E.g. She’ll stay at the office late so that she’ll finish her work.

3.  so that + could \ would (прошлое)

E.g. Tom joined a gym so that he could lose weight.

4.  with the view to \ with the aim of + глагол + ing

E.g. He went to the bank with the aim of asking for a loan.

5.  in case + present  simple

E.g. I will take an umbrella in case it rains.

6. for + глагол + ing

E.g. These copybooks are only for writing tests.

Clauses of Results – придаточные предложения следствия.

Вводятся при помощи:

                      1. Such + a \an + прилаг. + исчисл. сущ. в ед. лице.

Such + прилаг. + неисчисл. cущ. или исчисл. сущ. во мн. числе

E.g. Mrs. Abbot is such a good teacher that all students love her.

E.g. They are such nice people that everybody likes them.

Such + a lot of + сущ. + that + придаточное предложение

E.g. He had such a lot of work that he had to cancel our meeting.

2. so + прил.\наречие + that + придат. предложение

E.g. They were talking so loudly that the librarian asked them to leave the library.

So + few\ little \ many \much + сущ. + that + придаточное предложение

E.g. There was so much traffic on the street that it took us an hour to drive home.

Инфинитив с частицей to

Глагол с -ing

1. для выражения цели

She went to buy some bread

2. после  would like/would love/would prefer

I’d love to see you tonight.

3. После прилагательных (angry, glad, happy, sorry, pleased, annoyed, etc.)

I’m glad to see you here.

4. C too и enough.

He’s too old to drive.

She’s clever enough to understand it.

5. После глаголов (advise, agree, appear, decide, expect, forget, hope, manage, offer, promise, refuse, seem, want, etc.)

I hope to meet him again.

6. после where, how, what, who, which (кроме why)

I don’t know what to do.

1. В качестве существительного.

Smoking is dangerous.

2. После глаголов love, like, dislike, hate, can’t stand, enjoy, prefer.

I love going to the cinema.

3. После глаголов start, begin, stop, finish

He started doing his homework at 5:00 p.m.

4. после go, когда говорим о спорте

She went skiing last Sunday.

5.  После ряда глаголов (avoid, admit, confess to, deny, look forward to, mind, object to, regret, risk, spend, suggest etc.)

I don’t mind helping you with the dishes.

6. После выражений I’m busy, it’s no use, it’s (no) good, it’s worth, what’s the use of, be used to, there is no point (in)

It’s worth seeing this film.

7.После предлогов

He left without saying goodbye.

Инфинитив без частицы to

1. После модальных глаголов (can, must, should, will, shall, etc.)

We must leave soon.

2. После had better и would rather

I’d rather have stayed in last night.

3. после make/let/hear/see + дополнение

My dad lets me use his computer.

His parents made him apologise.

(НО! В пассивном залоге be made/let/heard/seen + to infinitive)

He was made to appologise.

Simple

Progressive

Perfect

Perfect Progressive

PRESENT

Ежедневные действия, привычки, постоянные ситуации

am

is      +   V3 (ed)

are

Длительное действие происходит в момент речи или произойдёт в ближайшем будущем

am

is  + being + V3 (ed)

are

Действие уже произошло в неуказанное время, есть результат

have + been + V3 (ed)

has

PAST

Действие произошло в указанное время в прошлом

was    +   V3 (ed)

were

Длительное действие, которое происходило в определённый момент в прошлом

was + being +V3(ed)

were

Действие произошло к определённому моменту в прошлом

had + been + V3 (ed)

FUTURE

Действие произойдёт в указанное время в будущем

will be V3 (ed)

Действие произойдёт к определённому моменту в будущем

will +have + been + V3(ed)