Презентация The Tower
материал по английскому языку (7 класс) на тему

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The Tower of London Работу выполнила: Петрова Л.И. учитель английского языка ГОУ СОШ №120 Преподаватель: Ермолина И.Б. Рослик М.А.

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CONTENTS: History The White Tower The Salt Tower Prison Some Famous Prisoners Executions Crown Jewels Ravens Beefeaters

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The Tower of London was founded by William the Conqueror in 1066. As the gateway to the capital, the Tower was in effect the gateway to the new Norman kingdom. It had the dual role of providing protection for the City through its defensive structure and the provision of a garrison, and of also controlling the citizens by the same means. The Tower literally ‘towered’ over its surroundings until the 19th century. HISTORY

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At the centre of the Tower of London stands the Norman White Tower built in 1078 by William the Conqueror (reigned 1066-87) inside the southeast angle of the city walls, adjacent to the Thames. This was as much to protect the Normans from the people of the City of London as to protect London from outside invaders . The White Tower

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The White Tower is 90 feet (27 m) high and the walls vary from 15 feet (4.5 m) thick at the base to almost 11 feet (3.3 m) in the upper parts. In 1240 Henry III had the exterior of the building whitewashed, which is how it got its name

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In the early thirteenth century Henry III (reigned 1216-72) transformed the Tower into a major royal residence The Tower remained a royal residence until the time of Oliver Cromwell, who demolished some of the old palatial buildings.

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The Salt Tower is a tower located at the Tower of London was built by Henry III in about 1235. John Baliol, King of Scotland, was imprisoned here from 1296 to 1299 and during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I several Jesuit priests were held here. The Salt Tower

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The first prisoner was Ranulf Flambard in 1100 who, as Bishop of Durham, was found guilty of extortion. He had been responsible for various improvements to the design of the tower after the first architect Gundulf moved back to Rochester. He escaped from the White Tower by climbing down a rope, which had been smuggled into his cell in a wine casket. Prison

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John Balliol King of Scotland David II King of Scotland John II King of France St. Thomas More Henry VI of England Edward V of England Guy Fawkes Some Famous Prisoners

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High-profile convicts, such as Sir Thomas More, were publicly beheaded on Tower Hill. Seven nobles (five of them ladies) were beheaded privately on Tower Green EXECUTIONS

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The names of the seven beheaded on Tower Green for treason alone are: William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings (1483) Anne Boleyn (1536) Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury (1541) Catherine Howard (1542) Jane Boleyn, Viscountess Rochford (1542) Lady Jane Grey (1554) Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex (1601) The last execution at the Tower was that of German spy Josef Jakobs on 14 August 1941 by firing squad formed from the Scots Guards.

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The Crown Jewels have been kept at the Tower of London since 1303, after they were stolen from Westminster Abbey. The Crown Jewels are kept in a part of the Tower known as Jewel House. Crown Jewels

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They are widely believed to have been domesticated by Charles II in the seventeenth century, because of an ancient prophesy that Britain would fall if the ravens leave the Tower. The ravens in the Tower of London are allowed to move freely on the Tower Green, but their wings are clipped to prevent them from flying very far. RAVENS

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The Yeomen Warders of Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress the Tower of London, popularly known as the Beefeaters, are ceremonial guardians of the Tower of London. In principle they are responsible for looking after any prisoners at the Tower and safeguarding the British crown jewels, but in practice they act as tour guides and are a tourist attraction in their own right, a point the Yeoman Warders acknowledge. BEEFEATERS