The Importance of Planting Trees
проект по английскому языку (9 класс) по теме

     Муниципальное автономное общеобразовательное учреждение

                                         «Гимназия №87»

          The     Importance     of       Planting     Trees  

                 Как       важно    сажать    деревья  

              (на  примере  Кисловодского парка )  

                          “   If a tree dies, plant another in its place.

                                                                        Linnaeus

                                                                            Работа Мониной Ксении,

                                                                            ученицы 9 класса

                                                                           МАОУ  “ Гимназия№87”

                                                                           Руководитель:

                                                                           Клерикова Ольга Алексеевна,

                                                                            учитель 1 категории

 Contests

1. Introduction∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3
2. Chapter1 “Trees in Our life”∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 5
3. Chapter 2 “My Favourite Park”∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 7
4. Conclusion∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 9
5. Bibliograhpy and References∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 11
6. Appendix∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙12

                                          Introduction

  Nowadays it is difficult to avoid environmental issues. The problem of ecology is very important today.

  This new millennium balances us on the edge of history. Natural resources are exhausted. Through their daily activities people pollute and contaminate land, water, air. Big cities face the real environmental catastrophe. Air pollution is a serious problem here. In hundreds of cities the concentration of harmful substances in the air is over ten times than the  admissible  level. Pollution from factories and cars poisons the air we breathe, and it is the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rain. Humans are pouring carbon dioxide into the atmosphere faster than plants and oceans can absorb it. If we continue to ignore the issue of   global warming, we shall almost certainly suffer the drastic effects of climatic changes worldwide. Air pollution is caused by different means of transport in cities and towns. Our cities are full of smog because of heavy traffic and people notice that it is hard to breathe there. Factories and plants also pollute air pouring harmful gases, and smoke into the air and cause lung diseases among people, does harm to our health.

  Another form of pollution that is characteristic of large urban cities is noise that has destructive influence on a person mind.

 Acid rains that appear because of air pollution damage forests and soil. Soil pollution stops plants from growing, and it makes people sick when they eat fruit and vegetables grown on polluted soil. People also pollute the soil by leaving litter on it. Forests are full of used bottles, wrappers and cans. As a result of it big industrial centres today look more garbage dumps.  Such litter can be found in rivers and lakes, too.

 One of the important problems is the shortage of clean water. Water contaminated in big cities runs to the major rivers that then flow into oceans and seas. Plants and factories are usually being built near rivers and lakes. The water is full of industrial waste, and this kills animals, fish, insects and plants. Wild animals also get sick and die because of this. Millions of species have already disappeared from our planet; thousands of others will be gone tomorrow.

It would be naive to think that the environmental problems are limited to big cities only. Our Earth is a living entity; land, air, water are inseparable. So the task of protecting nature on the whole  planet  of primary importance now.  

  It is not possible to stop technological process, close factories and plants, but we can think about the ways to keep the environment clean. Of course, all this sounds easy enough on paper, but in the real world it is not so simple. People all over the world discuss environmental protection, but they still continue to pollute air, water, land. All over the world the forests are disappearing.  People cut the trees down because they need wood and paper or new places for farms and houses. Forests the size of Belgium are destroyed every year. It`s an international disaster.

 Fortunately, there are things we can do, and that`s what  I  will try to emphasize in my research  work. The survival of our civilization depends on the ability of mankind to think how to find a way out.

I consider the theme of my report to be interesting and urgent.

I want to speak on planting trees, because trees can help us to solve some of environmental problems, and even small changes to your daily life can really help to stop catastrophic changes on the planet.

.

                                           Chapter 1

                              Trees in Our Life

Everyone knows the planet is in bad shape, but most people are still doing nothing. However it turns out, that  the  environmental  problems  are  solvable . We can do something to help protect the environment. So what do I mean?

Am I really going to save the planet  by planting  the  trees ? I hope I am.

I propose that it is useful and realistic to think of it.

Planting trees has a number of environmental, communal and economic benefits.

• Let`s face it, we couldn`t  exist as we do, if  there  were  no trees on the Earth . The trees offset our carbon  footprint ,which a person consumes in his day- to -day activity.
• Trees produce oxygen.  Just  imagine ! A mature leafy tree produces as much oxygen in a season as 10 people inhale in a year.

Trees help clean the air. The average person produces 26 tons of CO2 per       year, six 25-year old pine trees, for instance, absorb 1 ton of CO2.

• Trees help clean our rivers and streams. They are described by the National Resource Conversation Service as important filters of water. Trees can also reduce the impact of storms and flood waters by slowing the movement of water and soil erosion through their roots.
•  Trees fight global warming. Trees conserve energy in the summer and save your money as they provide shade.
• Trees conserve energy in the winter because they can protect from the cold .
• Trees can provide benefits for people who come into contact with them . Stress can be reduced , as the scientists say, when a person spends some time each day outdoors in green spaces. It is interesting to notice that people  recovering  from illnesses and surgical procedures have also faster recovery times when they are placed in rooms with views of green spaces and trees.
• Trees make your home and your neighborhood beautiful. Many magazines write that the value of a home can be increased by “landscaping  of a garden with trees.”
• They also provide shelter and food for many different types of plants and animals.

     Now forests are  being destroyed. Many species of  animals and birds have disappeared. Millions of animals die every year because man has polluted their natural homes. Besides, every year people cut down  more trees,  build more roads and use more land for farming. This leaves fewer jungles, fields  and forests for wildlife. Trees are cut down for many reasons but main reasons are to make space to build new houses and  clear land to grow grass for  cows and sheep to eat, produce daily food .The trees which are cut down are sold and made into paper and furniture.

So it is more important than ever to plant trees.

   What do we need to solve the problem?  We need the following:   to understand       three facts about the reality, that we face:

 Firstly, for a start, we should try to act.  

  Secondly, we have no time to lose. Nature changes slowly. Even  if new trees are planted, it takes many years for them to grow. Do you remember the   proverb? “He, who plants a walnut tree, expects not to eat of the fruit. Кто  сажает ореховое дерево, тот не думает есть его плоды.”

Thirdly, we can all help the nature by changing things we do in our country, city, yard.

                                               Chapter   2

                                       My   Favourite    Park 

“The  best time to plant a tree was 20 years ago. The next best time is now,” the  Chinese  proverb says. As you see forests and parks are very important to the environment because they use carbon dioxide(Co2)and produce oxygen.                                  

People are looking  for a  place  where  they can get more for their money and raise their kids in a wholesome environment. Kislovodsk is a vivid example of the place, because  the unique ”creation” of nature represents an enormous area of ecological pure massifs of natural forests.

   It is one of the most famous balneological and climatic resorts in Europe. Kislovodsk is a fashionable spa attracted many people. It is here where famous Russian artists, poets, composers relaxed, improved their health and created masterpieces : Pushkin,  Chekhov, Rachmaninov,  Lermontov, Safonov, Chaliapin and etc. Here you can find Europe`s largest cultivated park with an area of more than 800  hectares. This picturesque is unique. It is situated in a wonderful  corner of nature. The park lies in the North Causasian region of  the country between the Black and the Caspian Seas. It is located on both sides of the river Olkhovka. From the day of its foundation and up to the present moment its area has been gradually increasing. It is occupied by the beautiful trees. The territory`s expansion suggests the establishment of a biospheric preserve. Almost all types of flora characteristic of this region are represented here. ^[1]

Together with  meadows and woods the park is not only the natural “drugstore”, but also a clinic where calm and solitude with  intoxicating smell of the wild flowers healed your nerves. We can go to the park to relax, breathe fresh air. The park is visited by athletes, sick people, tourists.^[2]

It contains more than 300 species of trees and shrubs including cedar, fur, birch, spruce, black walnut, and other trees. The woods are recognized as a local Nature Reserve. When walking in the park it is worth taking your favourite identification book on trees with you.

The air in the park has the lowest aeroallergen concentration rate in the South of Russia. In other words –the air here is always fresh and energizing.

  Mild climate with warm winters, long summers, stable autumn and plenty of sun (more than 300 days a year) offer people  the most favourable conditions for round the year holidays . My parents and I used to visit the park during the staying in Kislovodsk every year. We enjoy visiting the park in spring. In April and May the trees slowly unfold their new leaves and below them bluebells, wood anemones, wood sorrel come into flower. The first migrant birds appear in the park. They join with our locally over –wintering birds in the amazing sound of the dawn chorus.

 I would like to add that it`s worth visiting the Valley of the Roses. There are 169 different types of them in the park, and you can see the flowers from all over the world. You can enjoy the roses using aromatherapy.^[3]

   Walking in the park you can feel the unity with nature, relax, improve your health. It`s hard to believe, but this huge space of greenery was created by people.

     I investigated the park and came to the conclusion that it helps to solve the major environmental problems, especially air pollution.^[4] The scientists have tested that the purity of the air is 13 % in the city, 19 % -in the green areas, but the purity of the air in the park is 53 % ! It can be also said about the park in Kislovodsk.

                                                Conclusion

   For thousands of years the Earth has been supporting us. But human beings destroy their planet. People build power stations and towns, cut down the trees and kill the animals. As you see the pollution of the environment is dangerous for people and wildlife. The predictions are alarming. We can  speak about the international catastrophe.

     Environmental problems have become exceptionally acute in the modern world. We  have started  to change people`s  attitude  towards  the problem. These days people have realized how important their environment is . You know,  we have the right to defend the nature and ourselves. Let`s solve these problems together. There are a lot of simple things we should  do to stop the destruction of the environment. We can help to save forests by reusing and recycling paper, keep the air clean by planting trees in our parks and gardens.

Of course, the protection of the environment requires the cooperation of all nations.    Now  many European countries are planting trees faster than they are cutting  them down. Many trees were planted a few years ago to replace woodland and to create forests . Help to clean up your local environment! Put out food for wild animals in winter!

   Summing up I want to stress the importance of constructing parks in the cities.

   Our city starts the construction of the parks and tree planting .These things are very important. The oxygen produced by trees provides the human brains with blood. In places,  where there are no trees , the oxygen impurity is harmful . It can cause cancer and even death.

There are groups in our town, which spend weekends cleaning up ponds, rivers, parks and woods. If we take the  action now, there might be some hope for the future. You should plant trees. Your example will encourage your friends and family to do the same. “He who plants a tree, plants  a hope”, the proverb says. I`m sure it is not too late  to improve the situation. Now it is winter. It`s time to think over the problem. In spring start planting trees!

                         Bibliography and References

1. Global warming Fast Facts “,Speak Out,4,2009
2. .   В. В.Савельева, Кавказские минеральные воды, М. Профиздат,1997
3. Marina Kolotova, ” Laborotary of  Nature”, Sep/Oct, 2001
4.  “Science in Russia”, Russian Academy of Sciences Presidium, Jan/Feb,2009
5. Nadya Labi ” Saving  the Planet Starts at Home “,Time, Special Edition,2000
6. http://ehow.com/about_6648023
7. “http://WWW.plaza-spahotel.ru/en/plaza-spa-hotel/holidays-kislovodsk/

                                         Appendix