тренировочные упражнения для написания эссе
методическая разработка по английскому языку (11 класс) по теме

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Учитель МБОУ СОШ №2ст.Выселки

Бурмистрова Г.В.

Подготовительные упражнения для написания эссе.

№1. Add the missing linking or sequencing words from the box below to form the completed model answer.

These days, many people are afraid of nuclear technology because of the dangerous associated with its use. In my opinion, 1___________________ it is true that nuclear weapons pose the greatest threat to life, the use of nuclear technology for peaceful purposes also carries some serious risks.

   Nuclear power stations provide an important source of cheap power for many industrialized nations and some developing countries. 2_____________________, there is always the danger of radiation leaking from these plants. 3_____________ safety precautions are taken, there have been numerous disasters 4_____________ the explosion of a nuclear plant in Japan not long ago.

   Nuclear technology is even used to help cure some diseases 5________________ cancer. Radiation can be applied to the body to burn away cancerous sells. This is, 6___________________,  a dangerous procedure 7________________ the application of radiation is almost always painful 8__________________ not always successful.

The most worrying aspect of nuclear technology, 9__________________, is its use for military purposes. Enough atomic bombs have already been built to completely destroy the planet, 10 _______________________ the real danger is that one day some country will start a war with these weapons. Too many countries now have the technology required to make such bombs 11_______________________ there is currently much debate about how to control the situation.

  12_____________ nuclear technology certainly has positive uses 13___________ is nonetheless dangerous. 14____________________ ,it would have been better if it have never been used to create nuclear weapons. If life in Earth is to continue, all the nuclear nations of the world should agree to disarm as soon as possible.

Keys.

although/ though/ even though

however

even though/ though/ although

such as

such as

however

and

and/ but

though/ however

and/ but

and

in conclusion

but

however

№2.

Read the text below, in which somebody is trying to decide whether to go straight to university from school or spend a year travelling around the world. Put their argument into the correct order, using the key words and expressions in bold to help you. The first one and last one have been done for you.

1  A. I’m ready in two minds about what to do when I leave school. Should I go straight to university or should I spend a year travelling around the world?

__B. It is often said that knowledge is the key to power, and I cannot disagree with this.  

___C. On the one hand, I would experience lots of different cultures.

___ D. Unfortunately, another point is that if I spent a year travelling I would need a lot of money.

___E. And I’m not alone in this opinion. Many consider a sound career and a good salary to be an important goal.  

___F. However, it could be argued that I would also meet lots of interesting people while I was travelling.

___G. Secondly, if I go straight to university, I’ll learn so many things that will help me in my future life.

___H. First of all, there are so many benefits of going straight to university.

___I. But/ believe that it would be easy to make a bit while I was travelling, giving English lessons or working in hotels and shops.

___J. Moreover, I’ll be able to take part in the social activities that the university offers, and meet lots of new friends who share the same interests.

___K. The most important point is that the sooner I get mu qualifications, the quicker I’ll get a job and start earning.

___L. Nevertheless, these inconveniences would be an inevitable part of travelling and would be greatly outweighed by the other advantages.

___M. In my opinion, starting work and making money is one of the most important things in life.

___N. On the other hand, I could end up suffering from culture shock, homesickness and some strange tropical diseaes.

___O. Furthermore, if I spent a year travelling, I would learn more about the world.

16  P. All right, I’ve made my mind up. Now, where’s my nearest travel agency?

Keys.

The best order is:

1.A  2.H 3.K 4.M  5.E  6.G  7.B  8.G  9.F  10.O 11.C  12.N  13.L  14.D  15.I  16.P

B. Using the key words and expressions in bold from the last exercise, present an argument for the following issues:

1. A government’s main priority is to provide education for its people.

2. The only way to save the environment is for governments to impose strict quotas on the energy we use (for example, by restricting car ownership, limiting the water we use).

3. Satisfaction in your job is more important than the money you earn.

4. Living in a town or city is better than living in the countryside.

5. It is our responsibility to help or look after those less fortunate than ourselves (for example, the homeless, the mentally ill).  

№3.

In the left-hand column with the second part from the right-hand column, using an appropriate expression showing reason or result from the central column. In some cases, more than one of the expressions from the middle is possible.

B. Now complete these sentences with appropriate expression from the table above.

1. Panic buying ____________________ when the stock market crashed.

2. People often do things without considering the ________________ their actions.

 3. The government raised the income tax rate _________________ curb inflation.

4. The government raised the income tax rate ________________curbing inflation.

5. The government raised the income tax rate _________________the rapidly rising rate of inflation.

6. When questioned, many racists cannot give a logical _________________ their attitudes towards other racial groups.

7. The soaring crime rate alarmed the police superintendent and ______________, adopt a zero-tolerance policing policy.

8. He was arrested ___________________ he was a danger to others and himself.

9. The family was forced to economise ________________ go heavily into dept.

10. The fumes from motto traffic __________________ people in many different ways.

Keys.

1.The police ask him his reason for speeding through the town.

2.He failed his exam due to/ on account off/ owing to his lack of revision.

3. A president cough prompted him to seek professional medical help.

4. She started haranguing the crowd with the aim of starting a riot.

5. He spent the whole weekend revising in order to pass his exams.

6. They came in quietly so as not to wake anyone.

7. He refused to lend anyone money on the grounds that people rarely repay a loan.

8. The bank manager refused to lend the company more money due to/ on account off/ owing to its low turnover and poor sales history.

9. The school was forced to close due to/ on account off/ owing to poor student attendance.

10. What were your motives in upsetting me like that?

11. What are the effects off a large earthquake?

12. Stress and overwork can affect different people in different ways.

13. The army attacked without considering the consequences of/ effects off its action.

14. He failed to send off his application form and as a consequence was unable to enroll for the course.

15. Riots and streets fighting ensued when the police officers on trial were acquitted.

B

1) ensued  2) consequences of/ effects off 3) in order to 4) with the aim of 5) due to/ on account off/ owing to 6) reason for 7) prompted him to 8) on the grounds that 9) so as not to 10) affect

№4.

Read the following sample extracts. Using the prompts improve the way the main idea is introduced.

We just accept mobile phones and don’t think about their bad effects.

to have a tendency/         regardless of

_______________________________________________________

It’s not right that parents can choose if they have a boy or a girl baby.

in my view/ it is unethical for

_______________________________________________________

A lot of steps have been taken to help old people but it’s still not enough.

Despite the fact/we still

________________________________________________________

I think a lot of people don’t know the effect of antibiotics.

I am doubtful whether many

________________________________________________________

People say that hamburgers make you fat but it isn’t true.

There is little evidence to prove the fact that

_________________________________________________________

Some people say they want to work at home which I find surprising.

I am always surprised when

Keys.

People have a tendency to accept mobile phones regardless of the long-tern-m effect they may have on our health .

In my view it is unethical for parents to choose the sex of their baby.

Despite the fact that a lot of steps have been taken to help old people, we still don’t do enough.

I’m doubtful whether many people really understand the impact of antibiotics.

There is little evidence to prove that hamburgers are unhealthy.

I am always surprised when people say they prefer to work at home.

№5

Add linking and sequencing words from the box below.        

Some people think that studying the English language in an English-speaking country is the best way to learn the language. Other people argue that this is not the only way to master the language. What is your opinion?

Studying a language in a country where it is widely spoken has many advantages. It is 1)___________________________a good idea to study English in a country such is Britain. 2)__________________________ , I believe it is not the only way to learn the language.

   3)____________________________, most students in non-English-speaking countries learn English at a secondary school and sometimes at  university nowadays. 4) ___________________________ their spoken English is not usually of very high standard, their knowledge of grammar is often quite advanced. This is certainly useful when students come to an English-country to perfect the language.

   5) ______________________, studying the basics of English at secondary school is less stressful than learning the language while overseas. This is because students living at home do not have to worry about problem such as finding accommodation, paying for their study and living costs, and trying to survive in a foreign country where day to day living causes much stress.

   6)_______________________, there are advantages of learning English in Britain. Every day there are opportunities to practice listening to and speaking with British people. 7)______________________________, students can experience the culture first-hand, which is a great help when trying to understand the language. This is especially true if they choose to live with a British family, as exchange student, for example. 8)____________________, if students attend a language school full-time, the teachers will be native speakers. In this case, 9)_____________________________ will students speaking and listening skills improve, 10)________________________ attention can be given to developing reading and writing skills as well.

    11) ________________________, 12) _______________________ it is preferable to study English in an English-speaking country, a reasonable level of English can be achieved in one’s own country, if a student is gifted and dedicate to study.

        Keys.        

Therefore

However/ but

In the first place

Although/ even though

Secondly/ furthermore

However

Also/ in the first place

Furthermore / secondly

Not only

In general

Even though / although