12 тем- топиков для обучающихся 10-11 классов
материал (10 класс) на тему

  TOPICS:

1. Are you influenced by Advertising?
2. Only a madman should choose to live in a large modern city.
3. Music is the universal language of Mankind.
4. Mass Media play an important part in the life of the Society.
5. The younger generation knows best.
6. The reasons for taking up teaching as a career.
7. The Earth is Our Home.
8. The Internet addiction.
9. Going in for sport: advantages and disadvantages.
10. Why Do We Learn English? 
11. The definition of a family and its functions.
12. The film which impressed me greatly.

                       Are you influenced by Advertising?

        It goes without saying that all of us are influenced by adverts, bright pictures, sample sales and free gifts that are used to advertise goods. In fact adverting has become part and parcel of our every day life. Advertisements are all around us, not just on TV, radio and in the press, but  also  in shop windows  and on posters, carrier bags, T-shirts,  buses and even air balloons. Whether we like it or not, advertising is a powerful force that controls us.                                        Many thousands of people   believe  that when we watch TV we only relax and don’t think about anything. But it isn’t true. We also get information about what to do or not to do, what to buy or not to buy. And our decision depends on advertising.                                                                                                        Advertising often uses the language and pictures to make us believe that we should be ashamed of ourselves for not buying a certain product for our families. They play on our feelings, emotions, and especially our wish to be up-to date.                Some people think, that advertising   is a useful way of finding out about products. There are several reasons for that. Firstly, when we watch any ad, we get information about new things that we can buy or can see. Secondly, If we try to find any thing, that we want to buy, advertisement can help us to do it. And finally, it is a way to be informed about new inventions of our time.                                I like the ads that tell us to be responsible. These are adverts for health foods, environmentally friendly products and even charities. They really appeal to the caring side of human nature. They aim to make us feel guilty if we ignore the appeal.                                                                                                Other people think, that advertising is very dishonest and a waste of time when we watch it on TV. And I can give some arguments for it. Firstly, when we see beautiful people in beautiful clothes we want to buy these beautiful clothes. Adverts make us buy things that we don’t need or can’t afford.  Secondly, the advertising technique and the quality of it may be not good.                                As for my attitude to advertising, I think that it is a type of art. And there are several reasons for that. Firstly, people who make ads are very educated and know all cunnings that can persuade a person to buy anything. Secondly, not all people can do it very effectively, so the result may be not good.                                        So, there are a lot of points of view about advertising. Some think that it is a real helper in finding out about products. Others think, that it is a real way to be all in debt. But I think that it is invention that helps to influence us.

        Only a Madman should choose to live in a large modern city.

        It goes without saying that life in a big city has got a lot of disadvantages. To start with there is an enormous air-and-noise pollution which is very harmful to people. Besides, life in a big city is more stressful than in the country because of traffic jams, queues, irregularity of public transport. Moreover, the cost of living is very high.                                                                                                 But whatever the disadvantages are, I personally wouldn't swap live in the city for anything in the world. I suppose that the monotony of rural life would very soon bore me.                                                                                There're several valid reasons for that. Firstly, life in the city is more anonymous. You can be what you want to be. In the country everybody knows you and expects you to live and behave in a certain way.  Secondly, I find the city as easier place to make friends in. There is much wider range of people than in the country.                                                                                         Another reason, there are a lot of theatres, cinemas, art galleries, libraries, gyms in the city.     More over it is often easier to find a well-paid  job. Life in the city is much easier than in the country because of developed transport system,  sport facilities, shopping malls.                                                                          It is needless to say that the citizens are more advantaged in education. The students have museum classes and excursions. They are more communicative, they  have more friends, relatives  to help them.                                                        So, I ultimately disagree with the statement that only a madman would live in a modern city, because I'm a big city girl and I can hardly do without all the hustle and bustle of my native city.  But if you are tired of a rat race you can have a relaxing break in the country.

                Music is the Universal Language of Mankind.

        People can’t live without music. They listen to music, dance to music or learn to play musical instruments. Music is the art that reflects life. Moreover, it reflects ideas and emotions using no words.                                                                Music can be classical and modern. Classical music is performed by symphonic orchestras in the great halls. There are a lot of famous composers whose music is played nowadays. Classical music is serious and requires good understanding that's why it may seem to be boring for some.                                Most people prefer modern music. Modern music is performed by TV and radio. Modern music has different kinds: pop, rock, disco, rap, techno and others. Most young people like dance and pop. Older people are fond of jazz, rock and pop.                                                                                                 Nowadays it's almost impossible to escape from music, even if we want to. Music is everywhere: at home and in the streets, on the radio and on TV, in the shops and in the parks. But, although we all can now have music wherever we go, very few of us have any real idea of the effect music has on the human system.         For example, some music will help us feel relaxed; other types may be stimulating to the brain. Some music promotes loving feelings; other sounds whip up hate. As a result, music in being used in hospitals, and doctors have found that twenty minutes of soothing music is often far more effective than sleeping pills.        All music can be divided into three types, and each one has profound effects on the body. The first is low-energetic music. Most rock music falls into this category. In fact it has been discovered that rock music makes people feel hate instead of love. The next category is high-energy music. This makes you feel better and it can help to normalize heart rate. The third category is prayerful music. This is the most healing of all. Much of the classical music falls into this category.                Generally speaking the reaction on music is very subjective. In fact any music can be comprehended and interpreted in different ways. To my mind this is the most appealing feature of music. That makes it the most universal common language of mankind nowadays and ever.

            Mass Media play an important part in the life of the Society.

        It goes without saying that mass media has become part and parcel of any contemporary society. The press, the radio and television play a very important part in the life of the society. They inform, educate and entertain people. They also influence the way people look at the world and make them change their views.         Millions of people watch TV and read newspapers in their spare time. The daily paper dominates family life at breakfast. Newspapers provide us extra detail, comment and background information.                                                        TV also dominates the life of the family most of the time. People like TV news because they can see everything with their own eyes. And that is an important advantage.                                                                                 Many people prefer the radio.  It’s good to listen to in the car or in the open air or when you do something about the house.                                                         The Internet has recently become another important source of information. Its main advantage is that news appears on the screen as soon as things happen in real and you don’t have to want for news time on TV.                                        Mass media stimulates science and progress. Most of new inventions and technologies become popular with the help of mass media.                                         The mass media gives us with information about new goods and services. But some people are tired of advertisements. They don't like to see their favorite films or programmes interrupted by them. I hope some way will be found to solve this problem.                                                                                          So, mass media can save us a lot of time, money and efforts, keeping people aware of what is happening in the world around us.

                      The Younger Generation Knows Best

Old people say that the young are not what they were. These words are repeated from generation to generation. They are true, because every new generation grows up quicker, enjoys more freedom.                                        Some people think that knowledge depends on age. In their opinion, when we are getting older, we get more and more experience. Our grandparents say that nowadays the younger generation has a more difficult life than they had.  They are also sure that the younger generation that is youth is not sure in its future. As for me I agree with them but I think that nowadays there are more possibilities and ways of development, more rights than before. Of course one should remember not only his rights but also duties. The young perceives the problems sharper, for teenagers everything becomes a tragedy.                 Teenagers often behave rude against their parents. The young wear provocative clothes which shock the adults. Young people are fond of listening to music that is disliked by parents. Naturally, each generation has got its lifestyle. So parents do not approve the behaviour and look of their children and criticize them, telling that "in my youth children were more polite and quiet”.         At the same time every generation is unique. Every new generation is different from the one that preceded it. Young people of today do not directly accept the standards of their parents who believe that they are right because they are older.                                                                                 Unfortunately, the adults apply old standards to the new way of life. They can not leave behind their "good old days". They can’t understand the optimism of their children who want to pave their own way in life. The majority of the young people do not want to live in the past. They have their own ideals. They want to make their own mistakes rather than to listen to the warnings of the adults and repeat the mistakes of the older generation.  I think that parents will never understand their children.                                                                          In general all the problems of the youth are linked with the present rather then with the past or future.

           The reasons for taking up teaching as a career.

        Choosing a career is not an easy task. The main thing is to make up the right decision and to find out your real vocation. Only if work suits you, it gives satisfaction.         I can't say that I have made up my mind to become a Russian language teacher at once. While making the decision I hesitated a lot.                 My sister is an experienced teacher and I can see all advantages and disadvantages of this career. Teaching is a very important profession but it is low-paid. I believe that education is vital for the progress of the society. And the success of educating of children greatly depends on the teacher. But it was not only my sister who helped me to choose. I had another example to follow. Russian  has become my favorite subject at school since the time when our teacher of Russian came in the classroom and gave her first lesson.                                 She was so intelligent and generous. She saw personality in each of us. She taught us to love literature. Her  lessons were always very interesting and no one was ever bored. And it was quite natural that I also made up my mind to become a teacher.                                                                                                 When I grew older I began to doubt if I'd be able to work in this field. I began realizing that it is an incredible responsibility. A good teacher will do his best to bring up honest and considerate, patient and sympathetic, self-confident and independent pupils. He will help children to develop their critical thinking skills, their abilities to observe, to work independently. A good teacher tries to make friendly, creative atmosphere in class. Teachers encourage children to develop self-discipline, respect for others.                                                                That is why teaching is a very valuable profession that demands from a teacher love of the subject and lots of enthusiasm. I feel that I am ready to devote my life to this profession.

The Earth is Our Home

The planet Earth is only a tiny part of the universe, but it's the only place where human beings can live. Today, our planet is in serious danger. Acid rains, global warming, air and water pollution, overpopulation are the problems that threaten human life on Earth.                                                                         Who is to blame for the disaster? The answer is simple: all of us. For a long time, people have used their Earth home without thinking of what was happening to it.                                                                                                        Our forests are disappearing because they are cut down or burnt. If this trend continues, one day we won't have enough oxygen to breathe. The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today may soon become extinct.                                                                        Air pollution is another serious problem. Factories emit tons of harmful chemicals. These emissions have disastrous consequences for our planet.                         Fortunately, it's not too late to solve these problems. We have the time, the money and even the technology to make our planet a better, cleaner and safer place. We can support green parties and put pressure on those in power.

The mountains can still be covered with forests if the cutting of trees is done with care. We must plant again where we have cut. And we can have enough wood for houses and paper for books. The dirty water from factories can be made clean. Sewage, too, can be changed so that water is clean enough to use again.

We can also learn not to litter. There is no need to throw away things we do not want or cannot use any more. We can change many things back into what they were made.                                                                                                Together we can save the planet and all of us with it.

                                 The Internet addiction.

At present we cannot imagine our life without the Internet. The Internet is necessary for each person. All people use the Internet on different purposes: for dialogue, for searching the information, for work, for studying, for fun and entertainment.                                                                                                 In 2009 mankind celebrated forty years of Internet. The Internet is military invention. It was invented in 1969 during the cold war.                                                I think that the most important problem of the Internet is the addiction of people to it. Some people surf the Internet for many days and forget about their relatives and real life.                                                                                        Nevertheless the Internet has many pluses. By means of the Internet you can find any information, learn main news. A lot of people use the network only for sending and receiving e-mail messages. They can do it either they are at home or in the internet clubs. You can find new friends or even love through Internet.                         There is a commercial use of the Internet. Now you can work through the internet, playing through the net. Some people like to make online purchases or sell your personal goods. It is a great world that made our life much easier and more interesting.                                                                                                Meanwhile the Internet has minuses. These are viruses. And as I have already mentioned, it`s The Internet addiction, which breaks people`s life. Unfortunately there is almost no censorship in the Internet. So there are some countries that limit usage of Internet. These countries can be found in Arabic world.                                                                                                As for me, the Internet is a dialogue, searching for various information. The Internet is very important and also it is a necessary thing.

                  Going in for sport: advantages and disadvantages.

Sport is very important in our life. It is popular among young and old people. Some people do morning exercises, jog in the morning, train themselves in clubs and take part in sport competitions. Other people like sports too, but they only listen to sports news. They prefer reading interesting stories about sportsmen. But they don't go in for sports. It is really important to understand that it has advantages and disadvantages.                                                                        A lot of people think that sport is very useful for health.  I can give some arguments for it. First of all, sport keeps us fit, makes us healthy, more organized, better disciplined. Good health is better than the best medicine.  Secondly, sport teaches you to be a part of a team. I think it is very good because you can know the values of good comradeship. And finally, it is a very good way to spend free time. Some people watch sport matches on TV, supporting their favorite team.                               But there are people who think that sport is a waste of time. Such people usually say that sport may prevent you of doing you homework or something more important. Besides they always say that you may get a lot of injuries and simply can become an invalid.                                                                                         As for me sport is a kind of recreation. In the morning I do some exercises to awake. It makes me energetic and cheerful.                                                                No matter what pluses and minuses sport has, it’s wonderful because it unites people of all the nationalities without any magic.

                        Why Do We Learn English?

        Learning English is not an easy thing. It takes a lot of time and efforts. Nowadays it is especially important to know foreign languages. Some people learn foreign languages because they need them in their work, others studying languages is a hobby.                                                                                                English is one of the world languages. It is the language of science and technology, trade and cultural relations, commerce and business. It is also the major language of diplomacy.  It is the language of computer technology.                English is spoken by more than 350 million people. It is the most widespread language on earth. Millions of people study and use English as a foreign language. In our country English is very popular. It is studied at schools, colleges and universities.                                                                                        Everyone, who knows foreign languages can speak to people from other countries, read foreign writers in the original.  You can see a lot of advertisement, signboard, names in the streets.  Very often they are in English. If you know English, you can read and understand them.  There are a lot of films in foreign languages. If you know them, you can understand films without any help.                 A lot of people like to travel. But it is difficult to visit countries, when you don't know the language of these countries. If you know the language of the country, where you are going to, it will be easy to travel there.                                 Everybody knows his own language, but it is useful to know foreign languages. I want to know English because it's interesting for me to know foreign countries, their cultures and tradition.

                         The definition of a family and its functions.

        There are many different views on family life. Some people could not do without the support and love of their families. Others say it is the source of most of our problems and anxieties. Whatever the truth is, the family is a powerful symbol. Turn in the television or open a magazine and you will see advertisements featuring happy families. Politicians often try to win votes by standing for “family values”: respect for parental authority, stability in marriage, and care for the elderly.                                                                                                Sociologists divide families into two general types: the nuclear family and the extended family, which may include three or more generations living together. In industrialized countries, the nuclear family is regarded as normal. Most people think of it as consisting of two parents and two children.                                  Some people say that the family unit in Britain is in crisis. They see many indications that the family is in decline, in such thing as the increased number of one-parent families, the current high divorce rate and what they see as a lack of discipline within the family. Some politicians blame social blame social problems, such as drug taking and juvenile crime, on a disintegrating family life.                            Concern that the family is in a state of crisis is not         new in Britain. In the nineteenth century, many legislators were saying the same.                                     There is no definition of a “normal” family. Broadly speaking, the family is a group of people related by blood or law, living together or associating with one another for a common purpose. The purpose is usually to provide shelter and food and to bring up children. The nature of the family keeps changing: there are a number of typos of family that exist in a society at any one time.

                          The film which impressed me greatly.

        A lot of people find watching films one of the best ways of spending their free  time.  I prefer romantic drama, comedy, because such films are very cheerful and full of life.                                                                                         My favourite film is "Romeo and Juliet". It is  a screen version of the play written by the popular English playwright  William Shakespeare. It’s a drama. The film was directed by Franco Zeffirelli. It won Academy Awards for Best Cinematography and Best Costume Design; it was also nominated for Best Director and Best Picture. This film has been released in 1968.                                 The film has a tragic plot. In Verona there were two rich families, the Capulets and the Montagues. There was an old quarrel between the families. One day Capulet made a great supper. At the  supper Romeo saw Juliet and fell in love with her at ones. Juliet had the same feelings. Romeo asked Juliet to marry him. She agreed, but nobody knew about their plan. The next day Romeo and Juliet came to a monk  and he married them.  Some days passed and Juliet's father told her that she was to marry a young man Paris. Juliet didn't know what to do. But the monk  helped her. He gave her poison  and told her to go home and be ready to marry Paris. She  drank  poison and  she slept  for forty  hours.  Juliet's parents  put her into the family tomb. When Romeo heard that Juliet was dead he bought some poison and went to the tomb of the Capulets. Paris was there and Romeo killed him.  Then Romeo kissed Juliet and drank his poison. At this moment Juliet woke up and saw that Pomeo  was dead. Juliet took a dagger which was on the floor and killed herself.                                                                                        The actors  are  very talented. Romeo was played by Leonard Whiting. He played this role wonderfully.  He is a British actor. Olivia Hussey is an Argentinian actress who became famous for her role as Juliet.  She has appeared in over 40 films. She played the leading role in the horror film Black Christmas.                Nino Rota was a composer. The song is called "What Is a Youth?"  The music is superb. It’s quiet and melodious.                                                                I like this film. It is worth seeing. It’s really wonderful from the beginning to the end.                              

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Используемая литература:

Английский язык для школьников и поступающих в вузы. Цветкова И. В. :  Глосса-Пресс, г. Москва. Изд-е 5, 2004 год.