pioneer plaque
методическая разработка по английскому языку (11 класс)
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Pioneer plaque
Pioneer plaques are a pair gold-aluminum plaques which were placed on board 1972 "Pioneer 10" and 1973 "Pioneer 11" spacecraft, featuring pictorial message from the human. The plaques show nude figures human male and female along with several symbols that designed to provide information about origin spacecraft.
"Pioneer" were first built objects leave the solar system.
Original idea, that "Pioneer" should carry message from humankind, first mentioned by Eric Burgess
when he visited Laboratory in Pasadena, California. He approached Dr. Carl Sagan, who lectured about communication with extraterrestrial intelligences at conference in Crimea.
Dr. Sagan enthusiastic about idea sending message with "Pioneer". NASA agreed to the plan and gave him three weeks to prepare message. Together with Dr. Frank Drake and Richard C Hoagland he designed plaque, and artwork was prepared Sagans Linda Salzman Sagan.
The first plaque was launched with "Pioneer 10" on March 2 1972, and the second followed with "Pioneer 11" on April 5 1973, and then some plagues were sent with “Voyagers”.
Physical properties:
*Material: 6061 T6 gold-anodized aluminum
*Width: 229 mm (9 inches)
*Height: 152 mm (6 inches)
*Thickness: 1.27 mm (0.05 inches)
*Weight: 0.120 kilograms
At the top left of the plate is a schematic representation of the hyperfine transition of hydrogen, which is the most abundant element in the universe. Below this symbol is a small vertical line to represent the binary digit 1.
On the right side of the plaque, a man and a woman are shown in front of the spacecraft.
The right hand of the man is raised as a sign of good will.
Originally Sagan drew the humans holding hands, but soon realized that an extraterrestrial might perceive the figure as a single creature rather than two organisms.
The fifteenth pulsar line on the plaque extends to the far right, behind the human figures. This line indicates the sun's relative distance to the center of the galaxy.
At the bottom of the plaque is a schematic diagram of the solar system. A small picture of the spacecraft is shown, and the trajectory shows its way past Jupiter and out of the solar system.
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