Тесты по теме "Современные технологии"
тест по английскому языку (10 класс) на тему

1. Read the text 'Artificial Intelligence' and say if machines can be as clever as humans.
2.                                              Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is invading the world. In the 90s and early 21st century AI achieved its greatest success. There are more and more jobs which humans leave to robots such as exploring another planet, defusing bombs, exploring inside a volcano or just doing boring household chores like cleaning. Computers can perform a lot of functions: they can control cars and planes, give us the news, play chess and football or compose music. Many factory jobs are performed by industrial robots nowadays. It has led to cheaper production of various goods, including automobiles and electronics. Industrial robots have little resemblance to a human being.

Artificial intelligence has successfully been used in a wide range of fields including medical diagnosis, stock trading, robot control, law, scientific discovery and toys. Industrial robots are also used for packaging of manufactured goods, transporting goods around warehouses or hospitals or removing tiny electronic components with great accuracy, speed and reliability. Robots can move around, sense and manipulate their environment, predict the actions of others and exhibit intelligent behavior. Scientists are interested in designing robots that resemble a human.

Are robots our best friends or are they dangerous? It is still very difficult to answer this question. Some futurists believe that artificial intelligence will fundamentally transform society. Ray Kurzweil has calculated that desktop computers will have had the same processing power as human brains by the year 2029, and that by 2045 artificial intelligence will have reached a point where it is able to improve itself. Other futurists and science fiction writers have predicted that human beings and machines will merge into powerful cyborgs - humans with significant mechanical enhancements. Many people fear that highly intelligent robots may take over and destroy the human race. There are a lot of books and films about people losing control over clever machines which begin to kill their creators. But maybe it is early to worry as robots are still clumsy and not very intelligent.

    But of course there are some reasons to worry about robots. The use of robots in industry leads to unemployment as many jobs are performed by machines. Besides industrial robots can be dangerous and cause harm to human workers. So much attention must be paid to security.

  There are a number of competitions and prizes to promote research in artificial intelligence. Many large companies have created robots which can perform specific functions in the manner of a man.

II. Complete each sentence (A—H) with one of the endings (1—8):

1. There are more and more jobs which humans leave to robots such as
2. Computers can perform a lot of functions: they can
3. Artificial intelligence has successfully been used in a wide range of fields including
4. Industrial robots are also used for
5. Robots can
6. Some futurists believe that artificial intelligence will
7. Other futurists and science fiction writers have predicted that
8. The use of robots in industry leads to

1. medical diagnosis, stock trading, robot control, law, scientific discovery and toys.
2. fundamentally transform society.
3. packaging of manufactured goods, transporting goods around warehouses or hospitals or  removing tiny electronic components.
4. exploring another planet, defusing bombs, exploring inside a volcano or just doing boring household chores like cleaning.
5. human beings and machines will merge into powerful cyborgs.
6. control cars and planes, give us the news, play chess and football or compose music.
7. unemployment as many jobs are performed by machines.
8. move around, sense and manipulate their environment, predict the actions of others and exhibit intelligent behavior.

3. Give the definitions of the following words.

• artificial intelligence (AI)
• robot
• cyborg
• android
• humanoid

4. Answer the questions.

1. Why do people make robots?
2. Why do some people believe that robots can be dangerous?
3. What are the real reasons to worry about robots?
4. Are there any limits to how intelligent machines can be?
5. What is the difference between human intelligence and artificial intelligence?
6. Can a machine have human feelings? Why?
7. What may happen if humans hand over important decisions to machines?
8. What science fiction books and films about robots do you know? What role do robots play in people’s life in these books or films?
9. What is your personal attitude to robots?
10. Would you like to have a domestic robot? Why?

ASIMO (Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility) is a humanoid robot created by Honda Motor Company. The robot is 130 cm tall and weighs 54 kilograms. It can walk or run on two feet at speeds up to 6 km/h. The robot can perform various functions. ASIMO can follow the movements of people with its camera, follow a person, or greet a person when he or she approaches. ASIMO can also recognize when a person offers him a handshake and other people's movements. The robot can sense the environment and avoids hitting people and other objects. It can respond to its name, face people when being spoken to, and recognize sudden, unusual sounds. ASIMO is also able to respond to questions, either by a brief nod, a shake of the head or a verbal answer. The robot has the ability to recognize 10 different faces. By accessing information via the Internet, ASIMO can provide news and useful information.

Wakamaru is a Japanese domestic robot made by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. The robot has been created to provide companionship to elderly and disabled people and to make their life easier. The robot is yellow, lm tall, and weighs 30 kilograms. Wakamaru can connect to the Internet, and has limited speech and speech recognition abilities. It can say, 'Welcome back!', 'Let me search the Internet' and other simple phrases. The functions it can perform include reminding, the user to take medicine on time, and calling for help if it suspects something is wrong. When its batteries run out, Wakamaru recharges itself.

Hitachi created its second humanoid robot EMIEW2 in 2008. EMIEW2 weighs 13kg and can move on wheels as well as two legs. The robot is 80cm tall, a height for looking over desk tops. It has 14 microphones which enable it to recognize human voice and sounds. The robot can distinguish voices even when three people are speaking at the same time and it can recognize voices spoken as far as 2m away.

Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute of Korea has developed a robot with four human senses such as seeing, hearing, touching, and smelling. POMI (Penguin rObot for Multimodal Interaction) can move the eyebrow, eye lid, eye ball and lips. It also uses various colors to show face expressions. POMI has two kinds of built-in scent sprays to express happiness, sadness, and joy. It also has a heartbeat device which makes people feel like the robot's heart really beats up when they put the hands on the left chest of the robot. It also, can talk to people through a built-in speaker.

Unit 3 Test

I. Use the words in the appropriate forms.

Do you think about electricity when you switch on the light? Do you ever think about any (1) … (science) issues when you use a microwave, a cell phone or a laser printer? No, we have already got used to all those devices and take them for granted.

   Now we have much more (2) … (ambition) projects on the mind — launching space apparatus to Mars and studying the deeps of the ocean. If the (3) … (technology) development of society doesn’t slow down in the near future, (4) … (science) will make major breakthroughs in (5) … (communicate) technologies, space technologies and genetics. Nanotechnologies and robots will widen people’s abilities (6) ... (dramatical).

It’s (7) … (real) an exciting time to live in, as so many (8) … (fantasy) things are happening around.

II. Read the text and match the paragraphs (1-6) and the headings (A-G). There is one heading you do not need.        

1. Research into alternative, clean energy is a hot issue for mass media and politicians. “Clean” implies that no harm is done to the environment when the energy is produced. It sounds like a worthy mission for the humanity — to invent and implement technologies which allow us to enjoy all the technological society commodities being concurrently nature conscious, i.e. to keep water, land and air clean for our descendants. An old native Americans’ wisdom says “We do not inherit the earth from our ancestors, we borrow it from our children” and the borrowed should be run with care and returned in a good working state.        2. Most people do understand that burning huge amounts of oil and gas is the way to nowhere. We’ll either end up with a devastating ecological catastrophe or our industries will collapse when we run out of oil and gas supplies, which are non-renewable and are expected to run out relatively soon. The solution was provided by science fiction writers a century ago — solar and wind energy should be used instead of fuel. However, the manual on how to produce and store it in large quantities hasn’t been provided yet.

3. It’s true that nowadays it’s still too early to say that we are ready to switch to a clean energy. Our industries have got used to energy overconsumption, and people are unlikely to consent to give up their privilege of comfort. However, it would be wrong to state that nothing is being done and that we are not moving to our goal. There is evidence that solar energy can be used in real businesses and it doesn’t lessen the business’ success.

4. Solar Sailor has been successfully operating in Sydney, Australia, since 2000. It is a large ferry used for public transportation and tourist cruises. In spite of the fact that the ferry moves slower than other ferries, it’s particularly popular with people, tourists especially. Solar Sailor is used for sightseeing, for cocktail and dining cruises, for corporate and family events like weddings and anniversary parties. It is also used for taking people from one place to another as a conventional transport means, which holds as many as 80 people on board.

5. Solar Sailor is a renewable energy hybrid able to use solar, wind, battery or liquid petroleum gas, either individually or in combination. The unique feature of the ferry is its “solar wings”. Inspired by insects, which use their wings as solar collectors, the Solar Sailor’s wings are able to angle towards the sun. They can be stowed away in a storm, or when not wanted. The solar wings or solar panels can charge the ferry’s batteries in four hours, and they can power the ferry independently for up to six-hour cruise, day or night.

The length of the ferry is about 21.5 metres and it can move at a maximum speed of 10-12 knots, which is around 20 km per hour (1 knot equals 18.7 km per hour).

6. The speed may not look very impressive, but Solar Sailor creates low noise and no air and water pollution. It may be considered a baby step in clean technology development but every solid plan has to walk through baby steps.

A. Technical characteristics of the solar energy device.

B.  The engineers’ comments on the solar technologies implementation.

C. A possible solution for the “alternative energy’s case”.

D. Good intentions and the real life situation.

E. Alternative energy technologies’ prospects for the future.

F. The reasons to look for alternative sources of energy.

G. The evidence that solar energy can be used by businesses.

III. Choose the correct answer 

IV. Correct the mistakes.

1. I already did my homework, now I can go for a walk.
2. She is the good pupil in our class.
3. He come a moment ago.
4. Where have you put my pen?  I can’t find them.
5. My friends took part in the performance next Sunday.

Revision

1. He … to the USA

a) have never been   b) never been   c) has never been

2. How many students … in  your class?

a) are there        b) there are          c) is it

3. How often do you see your grandparents? – I see them … a week.

a) one     b) once     c) the first

4. St. Petersburg stands on the river … .

a) Neva     b) Nile      c) Thames

5. She has not cooked dinner  … .

a) already   b) yet   c) never.

6. You should … drinking beer. It`s not good for health.

a) give up         b) begin       c) take

7. She knows English  … than you.

a) good        b) worse      c) better

8. This film … into 14 languages.

a) was translated     b) were translated     c) has translated

9. It`s not your i-phone, it`s … .

a) mine      b) my       c) your

10. That book is …

a) my          b) me        c) yours

11. If the weather … bad tomorrow, we will stay at home

a)  will be        b) is               c)  are

11. Could you tell me where …?

a) is the nearest bank   b) the nearest  is bank   c) the nearest  bank  is

12. Dick … home when the rain began

a) were walking   b) was walking     c) has walked

13. If I … English well, I would translate the text easily.

a) knew      b) know         c) will know

14. Where … on holidays last summer?

a) have you gone     b) were you going   c) did you go

15. When I came home my brother … his homework

a) does     b) had already done    c) has done

16. The………… tools of prehistoric  people were made of  stone

a) hunt     b)    hunting c) hunted

17. …………. found  hobbits in Australia

a) Archaeologists     b)  Archeology c) Archaeological

18. Our ………..have  made a great discovery.

a) science   b) scientists   c) scientist

19. W. Shakespeare was born in …….

a) London                b) Reading                   c) Stratford-Upon-Avon

20. There is … snow  in the field

a) so much     b) so many      c) such much

21. He is the ……. student in our group

a) best    b) worse    c) less

22. I have known her ………. childhood

a) for        b) since         c) in

23. I haven’ t seen you ……. ages

a) for        b) since         c) in

25. I translated the text …………Friday

a) next      b) last       c) ago

26. Radio ……………. by  Popov

a) was made b) were made c) is made

27. These computers  …….. every day

a) used   b) are used    c) use

28. They didn’t get used to …….. on the left

a) drive   b) driving    c) drove

29. The bus leaves …….. 4 p.m.

a) at      b) in        c) on

30. He told me …….. a report

a) to make  d) making   c) made 

31.  ….Everest is….highest mountain in…Asia

       a) the,the,the     b)-,-,-     c)-,a,the        d)-,the,-

32.  This town reminds me ______ my childhood

      a) of          b) on         c) from        d) at

33. He is fond …… music.

      a) of          b) on         c) from        d) at

34.  Our granny  often tells ___ a lot about war

a) they        b) we       c) us           d) them

35.  The dress was old-fashioned, _______?

       a) was it        b) it was       c) wasn,t it        d) it was not

36. There are 10 _________ in the football team.

      a) man          b) man,s          c) men          d) mennen