Презентация к УМК "Здоровый образ жизни"
презентация к уроку по английскому языку на тему

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IMMUNE SYSTEM. HEALTHY LIFE STYLE A sound mind in a sound body ! Prepared by: Semenova N.V. 2013 ГБОУ СПО «Тольяттинский медколледж»

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После изучения данной темы Студент должен уметь: – вести беседу по теме; – понимать лексические единицы и выражения в потоке речи; – читать и переводить тексты по изученной теме. Студент должен знать: – работу иммунной системы человека; – употребление The Future Perfect Tense; – лексику по теме.

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Answer the questions Do you know how our body protects itself from diseases? How does immune system works? What kind of cells help us to fight infections?

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Write down these words: immune system– иммунная система immunity - иммунитет to protect – защищать to prevent– предотвращать white blood cells / leukocytes - лейкоциты lymphocyte – лимфоцит phagocyte – фагоцит lymph nodes – лимфатические узлы germ – микроб thymus - вилочковая железа spleen – селезенка bone marrow - костный мозг innate — врожденный adaptive - приобретенный HIV — ВИЧ AIDS - СПИД

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WHAT IS THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND WHAT DOES IT DO

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THE IMMUNE SYSTEM KEEPS PEOPLE HEALTHY AND PREVENTS INFECTIONS

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PROBLEMS WITH THE IMMUNE SYSTEM CAN LEAD TO INFECTION AND DISEASE

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ABOUT CELLS The cells that are part of this defense system are white blood cells or leukocytes. There are two basic types of leukocytes: •the phagocytes chew up invading organisms; •the lymphocytes allow the body to remember and recognize previous invaders and help the body destroy them.

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Leukocytes are produced or stored in many locations in the body, including the thymus, spleen, and bone marrow. The leukocytes circulate through the body between the organs and nodes by means of the lymphatic vessels.

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PROTECTION AGAINST DISEASE IS CALLED IMMUNITY. HUMANS HAVE THREE TYPES OF IMMUNITY — INNATE, ADAPTIVE, AND PASSIVE.

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INNATE IMMUNITY Everyone is born with innate (natural) immunity, a type of general protection that humans have.

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Innate immunity also includes the external barriers of the body, like the skin and mucous membranes, which are our first line of defense in preventing diseases from entering the body. If this outer defensive wall is broken (like if you get a cut), the skin attempts to heal the break quickly and special immune cells on the skin attack invading germs.

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ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY Second kind of protection is called adaptive (or active) immunity. This type of immunity develops throughout our lives. Adaptive immunity involves the lymphocytes and develops as children and adults are exposed to diseases or immunized against diseases through vaccination.

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PASSIVE IMMUNITY Passive immunity is "borrowed" from another source and it lasts for a short time. For example, antibodies in a mother's breast milk provide an infant with temporary immunity to diseases that the mother has been exposed to. This can help protect the infant against infection during the early years of childhood.

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EVERYONE'S IMMUNE SYSTEM IS DIFFERENT. SOME PEOPLE NEVER SEEM TO GET INFECTIONS, WHEREAS OTHERS SEEM TO BE SICK ALL THE TIME. AS PEOPLE GET OLDER, THEY USUALLY BECOME IMMUNE TO MORE GERMS AS THE IMMUNE SYSTEM COMES INTO CONTACT WITH MORE AND MORE OF THEM.

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THINGS THAT CAN GO WRONG WITH THE IMMUNE SYSTEM immunodeficiency disorders (primary or acquired); autoimmune disorders (in which the body's own immune system attacks its own tissue as foreign matter); allergic disorders (in which the immune system overreacts in response to an antigen); cancer of the immune system.

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YOU CAN HELP YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM BY WASHING YOUR HANDS OFTEN TO AVOID INFECTION, EATING RIGHT, GETTING PLENTY OF EXERCISE, AND GETTING REGULAR MEDICAL CHECKUPS.

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Be healthy!