Материалы по подготовке к ЕГЭ и ГИА
материал для подготовки к егэ (гиа) по английскому языку ( класс) по теме
Материалы по подготовке к ЕГЭ и ГИА
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Linking Words Position in the text The function of linking words Grammatical differences
Position in the text and but so because then until such as Some linking words normally form a link between clauses WITHIN a sentence. It is bad style to start a sentence with these words: Another type of linking device is used to form a link BETWEEN sentences. These words usually followed by a comma: Furthermore , Moreover, However, Nevertheless, Therefore, In conclusion
The functions of linking words Linking devices are neither nouns, nor verbs. They provide a text with cohesion and illustrate how the parts of the text relate to each other. Here are some of the functions which linking words provide : adding extra information to the main point contrasting ideas expressing cause and effect showing exactly when something happened, expressing purpose (why?) and opinion listing examples making conclusions and giving emphasis .
Some linking words must be followed by a clause Grammatical differences because of despite during in spite of Other linking words should be followed by a noun Linking word + (the) + Noun/Pronoun or gerund Subject + Verb + Object while why because although so whereas when
Adding However, Although In spite of Nevertheless, On the contrary, on the one hand on the other hand, whereas While In contrast, Neither...nor as well as besides Furthermore, What is more, In addition, not only .... but also Moreover, another point is that Contrasting
Expressing cause /reason because as since This is why because of Due to Owing to For this reason, Expressing effect /result so....that such a...that Therefore Thus Consequently, As a result, too...for/to not enough...for/to
Narration First (of all) At first In the beginning then next Before After that afterwards When While during Soon immediately Once Suddenly As soon as on No sooner....than Hardly...when Finally Eventually At the end In the end At last To begin with, until
Expressing purpose t o so as to in order that so that for ( Non-specific ) Expressing opinion I would say that In my opinion, I think (that) I believe (that) Personally Apparently,
Giving examples for example, for instance, For one thing, this includes , such as (for example) , i.e. (that is) Summing up /concluding All in all overall generally In conclusion, on the whole in the main To sum up,
Emphasis especially particularly Naturally, exactly because above all Whatever Whenever too / enough The more ....
Write the sentence again, using the word in brackets. The meaning must stay exactly the same 1 . In spite of not having eaten for 24 hours, I didn't feel hungry. __________________________________________________________________(even though) 2. Despite her injured foot, she managed to walk to the village. ___________________________________________________________________ (although) 3. The football match is still going on. ___________________________________________________________________ (yet) 4 . Has Jane got divorced yet? ___________________________________________________________________ (still) 5 . Jack used to have long hair and a beard. ___________________________________________________________________ (no longer) 6 . I was feeling tired. ___________________________________________________________________ (any longer) 7 . I wish I could speak English as well as you do. ___________________________________________________________________ (like) 8 . Both in January and in February, the price of basic foods rose. ___________________________________________________________________ (as) 9 . He had hoped to do better in the examination. ___________________________________________________________________ (as....as)
10. John is younger than he looks. ___________________________________________________________________ (as....as) 11. Tom is 16 years old, and so is Fred. ___________________________________________________________________ (as....as) 12. He used to be a doctor. ___________________________________________________________________ (as) 13. You're not reading that newspaper. Can I read it? ___________________________________________________________________ (as) 14. He was sitting on the beach when the sun rose. ___________________________________________________________________ (as) 15. You can go to the party if you don't come home very late. ___________________________________________________________________ (as....as) 16. When he arrives, we'll go. ___________________________________________________________________ (as....as) 17. They think that he is the best person for the job. ___________________________________________________________________ (as)
18. She is a very good English speaker. You would think it was her native language. ___________________________________________________________________ (so) 19. There were so many people in the room that we couldn't move. ___________________________________________________________________ (such) 20. We missed the film because there was such a lot of traffic. ___________________________________________________________________ (so) 21. I can't wear this coat in winter, It's not warm enough. ___________________________________________________________________ (too) 22. When he speaks English, I can't understand what he says. ___________________________________________________________________ (enough) 23. We lost the match although we the better team. ___________________________________________________________________ (despite ))
Использованные источники http ://www.vivquarry.com/wkshts/linkwdex.html http://www.vivquarry.com/wkshts/linkwd.html
Good luck!
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Give a brief description of the photo( action, location) Say what the pictures have in common Say in what way the pictures are different Say which of the performances presented in the pictures you’d prefer Explain why
Give a brief description of the photo( action, location) Say what the pictures have in common Say in what way the pictures are different Say which of the performances presented in the pictures you’d prefer Explain why
when you took the photo what/who is in the photo what is happening why you took the photo why you decided to show the picture to your friend
Give a brief description of the photo( action, location) Say what the pictures have in common Say in what way the pictures are different Say which of the performances presented in the pictures you’d prefer Explain why
when you took the photo what/who is in the photo what is happening why you took the photo why you decided to show the picture to your friend
Give a brief description of the photo( action, location) Say what the pictures have in common Say in what way the pictures are different Say which of the performances presented in the pictures you’d prefer Explain why
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В этой статье представлены дополнительные образцы заданий Устной части ЕГЭ по английскому языку. Как Вы уже знаете, в задании 3 Вам предстоит выбрать одну из трех фотографий и описать ее, используя предложенный план.
Время на подготовку — 1.5 минуты.
Продолжительность ответа — 2 минуты.
Task 3. Imagine that while travelling during your holidays you took some photos. Choose one photo to present to your friend.
photo 1
photo 2
photo 3
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak not more than 2 minutes.
In your talk remember to speak about:
Формулировка задания в 2015 году.
- when you took the photo (когда ВЫ сделали фото)
- what/who is in the photo (кто/что на фото)
- what is happening (что происходит на фото)
- why you took photo (почему вы сделали это фото)
- why you decided to show the picture to your friend (почему вы решили показать эту фотографию своему другу)
Обратите внимание на изменения, которые произошли в формулировке задания №3 в устной части ЕГЭ по английскому языку в 2016 г.
- when and where the photo was taken (когда и где было сделано фото, то есть ЛЮБОЙ человек мог сделать это фото, и даже вы )
- what/who is in the photo (кто/что на фото)
- what is happening (что происходит на фото)
- why you keep the photo in your album (почему вы храните это фото в своем альбоме)
- why you decided to show the picture to your friend (почему вы решили показать эту фотографию своему другу)
You have to talk continuosly, starting with:
I've chosen photo number...
Sample answer (photo № 1)
photo 1
I've chosen photo number 1.
(Обязательно начните ответ с этой фразы, предварительно выбрав номер фотографии).
- I took this photo in one of the beautiful parks in Edinburgh when I was on my trip to Scotland two years ago. It is quite amazing, isn't it?
- In the foreground of the photo you can see two girlfriends spending their free time hanging around. They might study or work together. They seem to be in a good mood. They both are wearing all Scottish style suits. Moreover, the girl on the left has got an incredible hat which perfectly matches the rest of her clothing. The most stunning thing that caught my eye was her hair done in dreadlocks. In her right hand she is carrying a black handbag made of leather.
- In the background of the picture there are a lot of green trees with bushy (thick) crown. It was early September and it happened to be a very warm and sunny day. But nevertheless some people put on their jackets because the weather is very changeable and unpredictable on the British Isles. The man on the right who is wearing a checked shirt might be a tourist because he has got a blue backpack. As you can see at this particular moment the place is not overcrowded, so I think, it is great to enjoy your leisure time with your nearest and dearest in such a place.
- I keep this picture in my album to recollect the pleasant moments of my journey to Scotland
- I asked the girls a permisssion to take their picture because I liked the style they were dressed up and I decided to show it to you because you are also keen on wearing unusual and freakish hats and maybe, the picture will give you some new ideas.
- That is all I wanted to say. (обязательная фраза для экзаменатора, свидетельствующая о завершении коммуникации)
Useful Vocabulary
to hang around — болтаться без дела
to match — подходить (по цвету)
to catch one's eye — привлекать внимание
stunning = incredible — сногсшибательный, потрясающий, невероятный
dreadlocks — дреды
bushy crown - густая крона деревьев
freakish = strange = weird — причудливый, странный
to wear — носить одежду
to carry — держать (нести) вещи в руках
Sample answer (photo № 2):
I've chosen photo number 2.
photo 2
(Обязательно начните ответ с этой фразы, предварительно выбрав номер фотографии).
- I took this photo during my winter holidays when we went to the ski resort in the Caucasus. After the Winter Olympic Games 2014, Sochi attracts lots of tourists both from Russia and from around the world.
- In the foreground of the picture you can see two children: a boy and a girl. They came here from Novosibirsk. They told me that they had started to ski when they were only three years old, that's why they look very confident on the snowy mountain slopes. The children are wearing bright ski suits made of special fabrics that protect them from cold and at the same time are very light that helps them move quickly. They also have all the necessary skiing equipment for this kind of sport such as alpine skis, plastic boots with special bindings, helmets, ski poles and goggle mounts.
- In the background of the picture you can see mountain peaks covered with snow and some kind of pines. You can't see the mountains quite well from behind the clouds but I should say it is a common phenomenon in this area.
- At the very particular moment the children are learning a new downhill technique. And now they stopped for a while to take breath. Sometimes I saw them landing in a fall but they went to square one again and again. They didn't give up, so I should admit that they have got strong willpower. As you can see they look very healthy and happy. I believe that it's very useful to take up to sport from childhood. This will teach you to overcome difficulties in life, will teach you to win or to lose.
- I keep this photo in my album because we made friends with the family from Novosibirsk and their cute kids and I want to remember the beautiful moments of my vacation.
- I decided to show you this photo because I want you to appreciate these two young sportsmen and the beauty of the Caucasus Mountains (nature).
- That is all I wanted to say. (обязательная фраза для экзаменатора, свидетельствующая о завершении коммуникации)
Useful Vocabulary
mountain slope — горный склон
skiing equipment — лыжное снаряжение
alpine skis — горные лыжи
bindings — крепления для лыж
helmet — шлем
ski pole — лыжная палка
goggles — защитные очки
common phenomenon — обычное (распространенное) явление
downhill technique — техника спуска
to take breath — перевести дух ( отдышаться)
landing in a fall — приземляться в падении
to go to square one (idiom) — начинать все с самого начала
to give up (idiom) — сдаваться, отказываться
willpower — сила воли
Sample answer (photo № 3)
photo 3
I've chosen photo number 3.
(Обязательно начните ответ с этой фразы, предварительно выбрав номер фотографии).
- I took this photo in London Zoo when I was on my trip to the UK a year ago. To tell the truth, I’m not very good at photography but this picture turned out to be a beautiful one.
- In the foreground of the picture you can see a colony of pelicans. You can’t but agree with me that pelicans are large birds with very long beaks. They have a long neck and short stout legs with webbed feet. The tail is short and square. They have pale plumage with some grey feathers on the wings.
- On the left of the picture there is a pond where the birds can swim. The zoo keeper told us a lot of interesting things about pelicans. She explained us that some species could make their nests in the trees while the others nest on the ground. It was interesting to know that they can fly but cannot dive because of their light skeleton. I also learnt that pelicans live up to 25 years in the wild and up to 40 years in captivity. But the most amazing fact is that pelicans never store their food in their throat pouch contrary to popular folklore. They use it for catching fish.
- In the background of the picture you can see a girl taking photos. At this particular moment the birds are cleaning their feathers after being fed. Guess what! We were allowed to give them some fish and it was really exciting! All in all the weather was warmish and I had a great time there.
- I took this photo because I had never seen those birds before in real life and wanted to remember all places I had visited in London. That's why I keep it in my album.
- I decided to show you this photo because you are interested in photography and have got a big collection of snapshots of birds. I think, it would be great if you could add my picture to it.
- That’s all I wanted to say. (обязательная фраза для экзаменатора, свидетельствующая о завершении коммуникации)
Useful Vocabulary
beak — клюв
tail — хвост
wing — крыло
feather — перо
plumage [´plu:midʒ] — оперение
nest (to nest) — гнездо (гнездиться)
throat pouch — горловой мешок
Основные ошибки, которые допускают учащиеся при выполнении этого задания:
- описание трех картинок вместо одной;
- отсутствие вступительной и заключительной фраз;
- неправильная интерпретация содержания картинки;
- отсутствие высказывания своего мнения о сюжете картинки;
- отсутствие разговорных клише при описании картинки;
- фонетические и лексико-грамматические ошибки в ответе.
Если данная статья была вам полезной и вызвала интерес, поделитесь ею со своими друзьями в социальных сетях.
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Read and answer the following questions: 1. Are you interested in Art? What art are you really keen on ? Which one is more exciting for you? 2. What celebrated foreign and Russian artists do you know? What works are they famous for? 3. What is your favourite artist? What pictures belonged to his brush do you find the most impressive? 4. Have you ever visited any art galleries, exhibitions, museums of art? Have you got any in your place? 5 . Do you think photography can be called an art? Why? Why not?
Student Card 1 Task 2 (2–3 min) You start the conversation. You have an advertisement leaflet of Ellsworth Kelly Exhibition. You ask your friend to keep you a company and visit the gallery together. Talk to your partner and find out if she joins you tonight. Ask your friend about: - If he\she has got some plans for tonight Tell your partner about the artist and his art style. Student Card 2 Your friend invites you to visit the gallery together. You need to accept the offer and find out something about the author of exhibition: Ask your friend about: - location and date for the event - which of you should take care of tickets Remember to: - be active and polite - ask the questions and find out all the information you need
Ed w ard Munch 12 December 1863 – 23 January 1944 . Edward Munch was a Norwegian painter and printmaker . One of his most well-known works is The Scream of 1893 .
The most famous works are: August Strindberg ( 1892 ). Portrait of Friedrich Nietzsche (1906) .
''Ashes.'' ( 1894 ) . “ The Sick Child ” ( 1885-86 ).
The Scream (1893)
The Scream painting by Edvard Munch is one of the most well-known pieces of artwork in history, appealing to a wide audience even today. There are actually four different original versions of The Scream that Edvard Much created using different art mediums including oil paints, tempera, and pastels.
Describe this piece of art according to the plan: - title of the work\author - genre\artistic style of painting - objects\models\scenes - usage of colours\light and shadow - main idea\message of the work - personal attitude\your own impression
While presenting the picture remember to mention: when you took the photo what \ who is in the photo what is happening why you took the photo why you decided to show the picture to your friend
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