The History of the Periodic Table
презентация к уроку по английскому языку (11 класс) по теме

Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier
Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier
made a
list of elements, or substances that could not be broken down further, which included oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, phosphorus, mercury, zinc, and sulfur. It also forms the basis for the modern list of elements. His list, however, also included light and caloric, which he believed to be material
substances.
Scientific benefits of Mendeleev's table
Mendeleev predicted the discovery of other elements and left space for these new
elements, namely eka-silicon (germanium), eka-aluminium (gallium), and eka-boron (scandium). Thus
, there was no disturbance in the periodic table.
He pointed out that some of the atomic weights being used at the time were incorrect.
He provided for variance from atomic weight order.
The table is a visual representation of the periodic law which states that certain properties of elements repeat periodically when arranged by atomic number. The table arranges elements into vertical columns (groups) and horizontal rows (periods) to display these commonalities.

Robert
Boyle rediscovered
phosphorus
and it became public. This and related discoveries raised the question of what it means for a substance to be an "element".
In 1661 Boyle defined an element as a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by a chemical reaction.
There is a story of how D.I. Mendeleev discovered the periodical law of elements.
He worked hard to
arrange
the elements in a
table but he couldn’t. It took him days and nights, and one night he saw it during his dream. He woke up and wrote what he had seen down on the paper.
Thank you for your attention!
Svetlana
Ermolova
, Surgut
,
School 12
The history of the periodic table
A number of places and objects are associated with the name and achievements of the scientist. In Saint Petersburg his name was given to the National Metrology
Institute
dealing with establishing and supporting national and worldwide standards for precise measurements. Next to it there is a monument to him pictured above that consists of his sitting statue and a depiction of his periodic table on the wall of the establishment.
Hennig Brand was the first person recorded to have discovered a new element. Brand was a bankrupt German merchant who was trying to discover the Philosopher's Stone — a mythical object that was supposed to turn inexpensive base metals into gold. He experimented with distilling human urine until in
1649
he finally obtained a glowing white substance which he named
phosphorus.
On March 6, 1869, a formal presentation was made to the Russian Chemical Society, entitled The Dependence Between the Properties of the Atomic Weights of the Elements. His table was published in an obscure Russian journal but quickly republished in a German journal,
Zeitschrift

für

Chemie
The
notion that there were a limited number of elements from which everything was composed originated with the Greek philosopher Aristotle. About 330 B.C Aristotle proposed that everything is made up of a mixture of one or more of four "roots"
Main discovery periods
The history of the periodic table is also a history of the discovery of the chemical elements.
IUPAC
suggests five "main discovery periods", and a sixth has been added here for very recently
synthesized
elements (discovered 2000 or later).
Dmitri Mendeleev, a Russian chemist, was the first scientist to make a periodic table much like the one we use today. Mendeleev arranged the elements in a table ordered by atomic mass, corresponding to relative molar mass as defined today.
Elemental ideas from ancient times
People have known about some chemical elements like gold, silver and copper from antiquity, as these can all be discovered in nature in native form and are relatively simple to mine with primitive tools
Dmitr
Y
Ivanovich

Mendeleev


D.I. Mendeleev was
a Russian chemist and inventor. He created the first version of the periodic table of elements. Using the table, he predicted the properties of elements yet to be discovered.
Shortcomings of Mendeleev's table
His table did not include any of the noble gases, which were discovered later. These were added by Sir William Ramsay as Group 0, without any disturbance to the basic concept of the periodic table.
A single position could not be assigned to hydrogen in the periodic table. Hydrogen could be placed in the alkali metals group as well as in the halogens group.