Present Perfect объяснение
методическая разработка по английскому языку (6 класс) по теме

Муниципальное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение

Гимназия №17

План-конспект урока по английскому языку в 6 классе с использованием ИКТ

 по теме: «Present Perfect »

Учитель:

Чаплыгина Мария Олеговна

г.Королев 2012г

тема: Present Perfect

Цели урока:

Образовательная: формирование грамматических навыков и умений: изучение всех случаев употребления настоящего совершенного времени в речи.

Развивающая: развивать логическое мышление, умения и навыки  речи.  

Воспитательная: уважительное отношение к чужому мнению,  воспитание толерантности.

Задачи:

Научить употреблять Present Perfect для выражения действий, совершившихся в прошлом, но имеющих непосредственную связь с настоящим.

Научить задавать вопросы в диалогах.

Научить переводить используя Present Perfect.

Развивать мыслительные и речевые способности, используя речевые образцы Рresent Perfect

Воспитывать терпимость к чужим мнениям, ошибкам и чувство взаимопомощи.

План урока:

I. Организационный момент.

Приветствие.

Сообщение темы и цели урока.

Фонетическая разминка.

II. Формирование грамматических знаний употребления the Present Perfect Tense (Работа по презентации.)

Физкультминутка.

Выполнение грамматических заданий.

Речевая зарядка.

Работа над диалогами.

III. Заключительный этап урока.

Подведение итогов, выставление оценок.

Домашние задание.

IV. Результаты работы.

Оборудование урока: компьютер, проектор, экран для просмотра презентации, таблица неправильных глаголов.

Ход урока:

I. Организационный момент.

Т. Good morning, dear friends. How are you today?

S. We are fine, thanks. And you?

T.  Me, too, thank you. All right, let’s get down to business. We have got quite a lot of plans for today. First, we are going to check your home task. Secondly, we will see how you remember irregular verb, and then we will have a new tense.

Фонетическая разминка.

T. I say a verb and you give the three forms of it.

Go – went – gone

Come – came – come

Do – did – done

Fly – flew – flown

Have – had – had

Run – ran – run

Swim – swam – swum

Sing – sang – sung

II. Работа по презентации. Обобщение всех случаев употребления the  Present Perfect Tense.

T. Let’s see the rule! What is the Present Perfect?

Слайд №1.

T. We can see there the sphere of the Present and the sphere of the Past. When we want to say about the action that refers both to the Present and to the Past we use the Present Perfect Tense.

Слайд №2

T. What form does the tense have? It is “HAVE” or” HAS” plus the third form of the verb. Let’s remember how we can make the third form of verbs. (Children give their answers). Observe the examples:

 I have eaten the cake.

You have been to London Zoo.

She has seen the film.

We have written a poem.

They have gone for a walk.

I have not broken the window.

He has not forgotten about you.

Have you ever been there?

Has she left?

Слайд №3

T. Let’s study how the affirmative form is done.

 I have written.

You have written.

She has written.

He has written.

It has written.

We have written.

You have written.

They have written.

T. Let’s study how the negative form is done.

I haven’t written.

You haven’t written.

She hasn’t written.

He hasn’t written.

It hasn’t written.

We haven’t written.

You haven’t written.

They haven’t written

Слайд № 4

T. Let’s study how the interrogative form is done.

 Have I written? -Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.

Have you written? -Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.

Has she written? -  Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t.

Has he written?  - Yes,  he has. No,  hasn’t.

Has it written?  - Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.

Have we written?  - Yes, we have. No, we haven’t.

Have you written?  - Yes, we have. No, we haven’t.

Have they written?  - Yes, they have. No, they haven’t.

Слайд № 5

T. Do you have any questions on how Present Perfect is formed? (Children ask) All right, then let’s see when we use this tense. As I have already mentioned we use the Present Perfect Tense when we connect the Present with the Past. There can be some word that can help you understand that it is Present Perfect. They are: NEVER, EVER, JUST, ALREADY, YET. Let’s remember their translation.

I have never been to London. (But I can go there)

Have you ever seen a crocodile? (If no, let’s go to the Zoo)

Someone has just broken the window. (We can see glass on the floor)

 The taxi has already arrived. (It is waiting)

Jane’s hurt her hand, so she can’t write now.

Слайд № 6

T. We also use Present Perfect when we want to show the result of some action. Let’s see the examples.

Someone has broken the window. (We can see glass on the floor now)

I have eaten the cake. (I am not hungry now)

It has stopped raining. (The sun is shining now)

She has fallen ill. (She is not at school today)

He has not been to London (But can go there now)

Слайд № 7

T. We use Present Perfect when we want to express an action that happened in the Past but there is the time for it to happen again (действие совершилось, а время еще не кончилось). Let’s observe the examples.

 I have not been to school today.

She has seen the film this week.

Have you been to school today?

She has travelled to Spain this year.

We have not had dinner today.

Слайд № 8

T. We use Present Perfect to show that the action began in the Past, is happening now, and is going to happen in the Future. Here we may see the words FOR and SINCE. How do we translate them?

I have lived in this house for 10 years.

We have been friends since childhood.

She has not read newspapers for a week.

Have you seen her since she fell ill?

Do you have any questions about the usage of the new Tense?

S. (ask their questions).

Слайд № 9

T. Try to explain why we use the tenses in the following sentences. Translate them.

I have bought a book today.

 I have never been to France.

 Have you ever been to London?

 I haven't seen you for ages.

 I haven't met him for a long time.

 I haven't been to Moscow since last year.

Слайд № 10

T. Well done.

Физкультминутка.

T. I can see that you are a bit tired. Let’s have some exercise.

Hands up! Clap! Clap! Clap!

Hands down! Shake! Shake! Shake!

Hands forward! Clap! Clap! Clap!

Hands down! Shake! Shake! Shake!

Hands on hips! Jump! Jump! Jump!

Hop! Hop! Hop! Stop!

Выполнение грамматических заданий.

T. Transform the sentences into Present Perfect and translate them into Russian.

1. The pupils are writing a dictation. 2. My friend is helping me to solve a difficult problem. 3. I am learning a poem. 4. She is telling them an interesting story. 5. Kate is sweeping the floor. 6. The waiter is putting a bottle of lemonade in front of him. 7. I am eating my breakfast. 8. We are drinking water. 9. He is bringing them some meat and vegetables. 10. You are putting the dishes on the table. 11. They are having tea. 12. She is taking the dirty plates from the table. 13. The children are putting on their coats. 14. Susan is making a new dress for her birthday party. 15. She is opening a box of chocolates. 16. I am buying milk for milk shakes. 17. James is ordering a bottle of apple juice. 18. We are looking for more CDs with good music. 19. You are recording your favourite film on his video recorder. 20. I am translating a difficult article from German into Russian.

Речевая зарядка.

T. Answer my questions, please.

1. Have you ever played the violin?

2. Have you ever ridden a horse?

3. What book have you read?

4. What films have you seen this week?

5. What have you already done?

Работа над диалогами.

T. Now we are going to have a pair work. Ask and answer the questions using the Present Perfect Tense.

III. Заключительный этап урока

Thank you. Our lesson is over. You have worked well today.

Your homework will be to repeat the tense and to do ex. 228 in your books by Golitsinsky.

The marks for the lesson are…

IV. Результаты работы

Данный урок был дан в 6-а, 6-б, и 6-в классах в ноябре 2012г. Результатом урока было формирование у детей грамматических навыков настоящего совершенного времени, как в устной речи, так и на письме. Урок способствовал развитию логического мышления учащихся. Работа с диалогами помогла детям уважительно относиться к чужому мнению, укрепила навыки ведения диалога. Физкультминутка дала возможность учащимся немного передохнуть во время занятия и более плавно сменить деятельность на уроке.