Презентация "The Russian Federation" 10 класс, учебник К.И Кауфман
презентация к уроку (английский язык, 10 класс) по теме

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Moscow is the capital of Russia. It is one of the biggest and most beautiful cities in the world. Moscow is an important political, cultural, educational, scientific and industrial centre of our country. Moscow is the place where the Russian government seats.

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Moscow is a city well-known all over the world. It stands on the banks of the Moskva river which is joined to the great Russian River Volga by the Moscow canal.

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Moscow is one of the oldest Russian cities. It was founded in 1147 by Russian Prince Yuri Dolgoruky . You can see the monument to the founder of the city in Tverskaya Street.

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The heart of Moscow is the Kremlin. It was built as an island fortress as it was surrounded by water: by the Moskva River and the Neglinnaya River, which is now under the ground.

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The first walls were made of wood. A new white-stone Kremlin was built in the 14 th century in the reign of Dmitry Donskoy . In hundred years tsar Ivan III built new walls and towers of red brick. At the beginning Moscow’s territory was limited by the Kremlin.

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The Kremlin is the symbol of Russia, and the symbol of the Kremlin is the Spasskaya Bashnya.It was built in 1491. The tower is 71 metres high. We can see a big clock on the tower.

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The melody is produced by ten bells, the smallest weighs 320 kg and the largest weighs 21160 kg. The first clock was installed in 1625. The present clock was made in the middle of the 19 th century.

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The tallest of the Kremlin towers is the Trinity Tower – 80 m – which is connected with the Kutafia Tower by a bridge. It got its name from the icon of Trinity which is placed above the gates.

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The oldest tower of the Kremlin is Tainitskaya Tower. It was built in 1485 and the secret well and underground passage to the river.

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There are a lot of magnificent architectural buildings on the territory of the Cathedral Square inside the Kremlin. One of them is the Uspensky Cathedral. It was built in the 15 th century for the important services and coronations.

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Visitors to the Kremlin admire the Blagoveschensky Cathedral, the home church of Russian Tsar family, and the Archangelsky Cathedral, where Russian princes and tsars are buried.

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One of the most impressing buildings in the Kremlin is the Bell Tower of Ivan the Great. There are 22 large and 30 small bells in the Bell Tower. The stone foundation of the tower is over 40 metres deep.

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The tower was built under Ivan IV, and extended to its present height of 81 metres in 1600, during the reign of Boris Godunov. For many, many years the Bell Tower was the tallest building in Moscow.

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Not far from the Tower people can see the Tsar bell which weighs more than 200 tons. In the Great Fire of 1737 the bell fell into a pit full of water, and one of its sides cracked and broke off.

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The art of casting was highly developed in Moscow many centuries ago. The Tsar Cannon is a good example of the early masters’ work. It was built in 1586 in Moscow to defend the city but never fired.

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One of the popular sights in Moscow is Red Square. It is one of the biggest and most beautiful squares in the world. In 1555 – 1561 St Basil’s Cathedral a unique creation of Russian national art was built in this square.

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The Cathedral was erected in the order of Ivan the Terrible to commemorate the annexation of the Kazan and Astrakhan khanates to Russia. It is the masterpiece of Russian architecture. The names of the builders (Russian masters Postnik and Barma ) were forgotten for over 3 centuries and their names were discovered in some manuscripts in 1896.

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There is the monument to Minin and Pozharsky next to the Cathedral. It is the first civil monument erected by Ivan Martos . Under the leadership of these heroes of the 1612 war, the Russian people drove the Polish invaders out of Moscow.

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Muscovites are proud of their museums: the Tretyakov Gallery, the Museums of Fine Arts named after Pushkin and others. The State Tretyakov Picture Gallery was founded by Russian merchant Pavel Tretyakov in 1856.

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One of the highest building in Moscow is the State Moscow University. It was founded in 1755 by the great scientist Mikhail Lomonosov .

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Moscow is one of the greatest and most beautiful cities in the world and Russian people are proud of their capital.