Revision of VERB TENSES
материал по теме
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TENSE | USAGE | KEYWORDS | FORM | NOTES |
SIMPLE PRESENT | * habit * opinion * fact | Always – usually – often – frequently – normally – sometimes – seldom - occasionally – rarely – never – all the time | Sub + verb (-es / -s) Sub + doesn't/don't + verb Does/Do + sub + verb? | * Put time expressions after regular verbs, but before the verb (be) |
PRESENT CONTINOUS | * now * around now | All (year), now, right now, at the moment, today, this week ( month, year), these days, currently, nowadays, presently, for the time being – this | Sub + is/are/am + verb (ing) Sub+ isn't/ aren't / am not + verb (ing) Is/Are/Am + sub + verb (ing)? | Nonaction verbs do not usually take (-ing) . P.13-14 (memorize) |
SIMPLE PAST | * action began and ended at a specific time in the past e.g. I walked to school yesterday. | Ago – last…… - yesterday – 1999 – at one time | Sub + simple past form of verb Sub + didn't + simple form of verb Did + sub + simple form of verb? | 1st usage of " when " |
* action in the when clause happens first e.g. Amal stood under a tree when it began to rain. | ||||
PAST CONTINOUS | * one action began earlier and was in progress when the other action occurred ( not related ) e.g. I was sleeping when the phone rang. | When - while | Sub + was / were + verb (ing) Sub + wasn't / weren't + verb ( ing ) Was / Were + sub + verb ( ing )? | 2 usages of " when " |
* two actions were in progress simultaneously (while) e.g. While I was cooking, she was studying. | ||||
* When something was happening for a long period of time in the past ( long verbs ) e.g. Last year, they were studying grammar. | ||||
PRESENT PERFECT | * something that happened or never happened before now at an unspecified time in the past e.g. Abeer hasn't seen the movie yet.. | Already – ever – just – recently – still – yet – so far – up to now – throughout time – until now – once – twice – three times – never – lately – up to date – over the years – in recent years | Sub + has / have + past participle verb Sub + hasn't / haven't + past participle verb Has / Have + sub + past participle verb? | The verb after "since" must be simple past |
* repetition of an activity before now e.g. We have had 4 exams. | ||||
* for ( duration of time ) * since ( particular time ) | ||||
PAST PERFECT | * 2 actions that begin and end in the past; one action happens before the other action. - 1st action : past perfect - 2nd action : simple past | After the keywords : simple past except after "after" By the time I arrived, she had already left. I slept after I had eaten dinner. When / Until / Before | Sub + had + past participle verb Sub + hadn't + past participle verb Had + sub + past participle verb? | |
Prior to that time – by then – by that time – already – ever – never – still – by e.g. May 1st | ||||
SIMPLE FUTURE | * used to express future time | Tomorrow – next – from now on – in the future – soon – some day – in the years to come – e.g. 2 hours from now - later | Sub + will/ be going to + simple form of verb Sub + am not / isn't / aren't going to/ ( won't ) + simple form Will+ sub + simple form? Is/Are/Am + sub + going to + simple form of verb? | Verbs that are not used with the simple future tense. Use simple present instead. ( plan – wish – hope ) |
EXPRESSING THE FUTURE IN TIME CLAUSES Keywords: When / Before / After / As soon as / Until e.g. As soon as they arrive, we will begin the lecture. Simple present simple future |
Nonaction Verbs and the Continuous Tenses | |||
Always Nonaction | Sometimes continuous depending on the meaning | ||
appreciate prefer hate possess recognize hear know own remember belong to dislike seem love sound mean believe understand like need want
| Nonaction | Continuous | |
Appear: Be: Have: Look: See: Taste: Smell: | He appears sad. ( يبدو ) He is smart. ( يكون ) He has a red car. ( يمتلك ) He looks sick. ( يبدو ) He sees his reflection. (يرى ) It tastes wonderful! ( طعمه ) The flower smells nice. ((رائحه | He is appearing on stage. (يظهر) He is being silly. ( يتصرف ) He is having a shower. ( يحدث ) He is looking at the car. ( ينظر ) He is seeing a patient. ( يفحص ) I'm tasting the soup. ( أتذوق ) I'm smelling the rose. ( أشم ) |
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