WELDING
план-конспект по английскому языку

Семестровая контрольная работа

1. Read the text and do the following exercise (Прочтите текст и выполните следующие упражнения):

WELDING

1. Welding is a process of joining together metallic parts by heating the place of contact to the fusion state.

Welding processes are classified according to the source of energy employed for heating, the metals and the state of the metal at the place of welding.

2. There are different types of welding such as hammer welding, thermit welding, electric arc welding, gas welding, etc.

3. Hammer welding is a process in which two heated metal parts are joined and fused together by force from a power hammer.

4. Thermit welding is a process consisting of a chemical reaction. It is used in repairing large sections such as rails, frames, etc.

5. Resistance welding process forms a whole group consisting of many types of welding such as spot welding, butt welding and others.

6. In arc welding the workpieces are not melted by flame. They are melted by an electric arc. In order to create the arc, a powerful electric current must be provided. The current must be at least 60 A, otherwise the arc will not create enough heat.

7. In gas welding, it is necessary to use a mixture of two gases. To create a hot flame, a combustible gas must be mixed with oxygen.

Gas welding is normally used to join steel to steel.

2. Переведите на русский язык в письменной форме абзацы 1, 4, 6, 7.

3. Найдите в правой колонке русские эквиваленты английских слов и словосочетаний:

4. Найдите ответы на вопросы и напишите их в той последовательности, в которой заданы вопросы:

5. Закончите предложения, выбрав соответствующий вариант окончания:

Материалы для дифференцированного зачета

1. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.

Text A: «WELDING»

Welding is a process when metal parts are joined together by the application of heat, pressure, or a combination of both. The processes of welding can be divided into two main groups:

• pressure welding, when the weld is achieved by pressure and

• heat welding, when the weld is achieved by heat. Heat welding is the most common welding process used today.

Nowadays welding is used instead of bolting and riveting in the construction of many types of structures, including bridges, buildings, and ships. It is also a basic process in the manufacture of machinery and in the motor and aircraft industries. It is necessary almost in all productions where metals are used.

The welding process depends greatly on the properties of the metals, the purpose of their application and the available equipment. Welding processes are classified according to the sources of heat and pressure used.

The welding processes widely employed today include gas welding, arc welding, and resistance welding. Other joining processes are laser welding, and electron-beam welding.

Gas Welding

Gas welding is a non-pressure process using heat from a gas flame. The flame is applied directly to the metal edges to be joined and simultaneously to a filler metal in the form of wire or rod, called the welding rod, which is melted to the joint. Gas welding has the advantage of using equipment that is portable and does not require an electric power source. The surfaces to be welded and the welding rod are coated with flux, a fusible material that shields the material from air, which would result in a defective weld.

Arc Welding

Arc-welding is the most important welding process for joining steels. It requires a continuous supply of either direct or alternating electrical current. This current is used to create an electric arc, which generates enough heat to melt metal and create a weld.

Arc welding has several advantages over other welding methods. Arc welding is faster because the concentration of heat is high. Also, fluxes are not necessary in certain methods of arc welding. The most widely used arc-welding processes are shielded metal arc, gas-tungsten arc, gas-metal arc, and submerged arc.

Shielded Metal Arc

In shielded metal-arc welding, a metallic electrode, which conducts electricity, is coated with flux and connected to a source of electric current. The metal to be welded is connected to the other end of the same source of current. An electric arc is formed by touching the tip of the electrode to the metal and then drawing it away. The intense heat of the arc melts both parts to be welded and the point of the metal electrode, which supplies filler metal for the weld. This process is used mainly for welding steels.

1. Ответьте на вопросы письменно:

1. How can a process of welding be defined?

2. What are the two main groups of processes of welding?

3. How can we join metal parts together?

4. What is welding used for nowadays?

5. Where is welding necessary?

6. What do the welding processes of today include?

7. What are the principles of gas welding?

8. What kinds of welding can be used for joining steels?

9. What does arc welding require?

10. What is the difference between the arc welding and shielded-metal welding?

2. Найдите английский эквивалент следующим словам:

1. сварка давлением

2. тепловая сварка

3. болтовое (клепаное) соединение

4. процесс сварки

5. зависеть от свойств металлов

6. имеющееся оборудование

7. сварочный электрод

8. плавкий материал

9. дефектный сварной шов

10. непрерывная подача электрического тока

11. электрическая дуга

12. источник электрического тока

3. Выполните перевод предложений:

1. Сфера применения сварки охватывает большое количество областей промышленности. 2. Профессия сварщика требует физической выносливости из-за частой необходимости работы в нестационарных условиях. 3. Для того чтобы стать квалифицированным сварщиком, необходима длительная теоретическая подготовка и практический опыт работы. 4.Квалифицированный сварщик должен сам уметь подбирать необходимое сварочное оборудование, материалы и технику сварки. 5. Чем выше квалификация сварщика, тем больше количество материалов, с которыми он может работать, и разнообразнее виды выполняемых работ. 6. В настоящее время имеются большие возможности для освоения профессии сварщика.