Учебная презентация "Пассивный (страдательный) залог в английском языке"
презентация к уроку по английскому языку (8, 9 класс)

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PASSIVE VOICE Пассивный (страдательный) залог

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Passive Voice Somebody cleans every day. (active) is cleaned every day. (passive) this room object This room subject

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We use passive forms when a) we don`t know WHO did it The window was broken an hour ago. b) we are interested in WHAT happens, not WHO it is done by His watch was stolen in the street. с) the situation is rather formal Smoking is not allowed.

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Passive Voice to be – изменяемая часть (ставится в соответствующую временную форму); V з – неизменяемая часть (глагол с окончанием - ed у правильных глаголов и 3-я форма у неправильных!!!) to be +V з

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Present Simple – am, is, are Present Continuous – am/is/are being Present Perfect – have/has been Past Simple – was, were Past Continuous – was/were being Past Perfect – had been Future Simple – will be With modals – can be, must be, should be, could be, would be Let’s review the forms of the verb to be

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В качестве смыслового глагола ( V) в пассивном залоге могут использоваться только переходные глаголы (те, которые могут иметь при себе дополнение!) e.g. take, give, put, buy, say, build, cut, bring, discuss, arrest, write, invent, discover, eat, cook, send, do, collect, draw, etc. Они будут употребляться в 3-й форме (V з)! e.g. taken, given, put, bought, said, built, cut, brought, discussed, arrested, written, invented, discovered, eaten, cooked, sent, done, collected, drawn, etc.

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There are 8 Passive forms in English Present Simple Past Simple Future Simple am / is / are + V з was / were + V з will be +V з The work is done . The work was done . The work will be done.

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Present Continuous Past Continuous is / are being +V з was / were being +V з The work is being done . The work was being done .

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Present Perfect Past Perfect Future Perfect have/has been + V з had been + V з will have been + V з The work has been done . The work had been done . The work will have been done.

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С модальными глаголами пассивная форма выглядит так (глагол to be стоит в инфинитиве без частицы to)! Can be done – может быть сделано Could be sent – могло бы быть отправлено Must be cooked – должно быть приготовлено Should be written – должно быть написано Would be invited – могли бы быть приглашены

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What tense form is it? e.g. are sent – Present Simple Passive is read are sent was written were given have been cut had been painted will be cleaned has been bought is being built are being written was being done were being cleaned will have been bought can be written must be sent should be discussed

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Active or Passive? 1. They were informed by the police._______ 2. It was a stormy night._________________ 3. You were listening to music.____________ 4. She was given a new pencil case.________ 5. We are great parents. ________________ 6. The cat was chased by the dog._________ 7. I was taken to hospital._______________ 8. There was an accident yesterday._______ 9. My father was driving a red car. ________ 10. Many posters have been sold.__________

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Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive form Usually s hampoo __________ (test) on animals before it ___________ (sell) in shops. This house __________ (build) in the XIX century. Two missing children _____________ (find) safe and sound recently. A new bridge ____________ (construct) next year. “ Cats ____________ (show) in many countries of the world.

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 Page The Key Usually shampoo is tested (test) on animals before it is sold (sell) in shops. This house was built (build) in the XIX century. Two missing children have been found (find) safe and sound recently. A new bridge will be constructed (construct) next year. “ Cats” has been shown (show) in many countries of the world.

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Предлоги by и with часто употребляются в Passive Voice для выражения творительного падежа ! by + a person (persons) – выражает кем выполняется действие (одушевленное существительное!) This house was built by my grandfather. The play will be seen by many people. with + instrument/material/ingredient – выражает чем выполняется действие (неодушевленное существительное!) Food in Japan is eaten with chopsticks. This salad is made with boiled chicken.

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Choose the right preposition 1. Fish is cut … a special knife. 2. What do we usually dig … ? 3. These poems are written … A. Pushkin. 4. The big tree was cut down … Jim. 5. The bridge was built … five workers. 6. Who is the portrait painted …? 7. Women`s dresses are sewed … dressmakers.

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 Page Active → Passive Volunteers deliver food to elderly people every day. (active) 1. Найдите дополнение в предложении в активном залоге ( food ) и поставьте его на место подлежащего в пассивном предложении. 2 . Определите время сказуемого в активном залоге ( deliver - Present Simple ) и поставьте глагол to be в это же время ( is ) 3 . Поставьте смысловой глагол ( deliver ) в 3 форму ( это правильный глагол , значит deliver ed ) Food is delivered to elderly people (by volunteers) every day. (passive)

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Practice: Active Passive The police arrested the suspect late last night. ______________________________________ They found him after an intensive search. _____________________________________ Two detectives questioned him and charged him with murder. ______________________________________ They will take him to court later today. ______________________________________

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THE KEY The police arrested the suspect late last night. The suspect was arrested late last night. They found him after an intensive search. He was found after an intensive search. Two detectives questioned him and charged him with murder. He was questioned and charged with murder by two detectives. They will take him to court later today. He will be taken to court later today.  Page

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Some verbs can have two objects We gave the police the information. object 1 object 2 So it is possible to make two passive sentences : The police were given the information. The information was given to the police. Other verbs which can have two objects are : ask offer pay refuse send show teach tell

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Task No.1 Open the brackets & translate the sentences The roads (cover) with the snow. Chocolate (make) from cocoa. The Pyramids (build) in Egypt. This coat (buy) four years ago. The stadium (open) next month. Your parents (invite) to a meeting. Where is your car? – It (repair) at the moment. The books already (pack). The castle can (see) from a long distance. The guests must (meet) at noon.

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Task No.2 Put the sentences in the Passive Voice 1. My mum bought a cake yesterday. 2. He has painted the fence. 3. The police arrested the thieves. 4. My sister invited some friends. 5. She sent the parcel yesterday. 6. John received the money last week. 7. They serve dinner at seven. 8. The girl will tell the truth tomorrow.

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WELL DONE!