2The_History_of_Tom_Jones_a_Foundling
учебно-методический материал по английскому языку

Слайд 1

The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling ( Tom Jones ) It is a comic novel by the English playwright and novelist Henry Fielding

Слайд 2

Summary The kindly and wealthy Squire [ skwaɪər ] Allworthy and his sister Bridget are introduced in their wealthy estate in Somerset. Allworthy returns from London after an extended business trip and finds an abandoned [ əˈbændənd ] baby sleeping in his bed. He summons ( вызывает ) his housekeeper, Mrs Deborah [ˈdeb(ə)rə] Wilkins, to take care of the child. After searching the nearby village, Mrs Wilkins told about a young woman called Jenny Jones , servant of a schoolmaster and his wife, as the most likely person to have committed the deed (дело). Jenny is brought before them and admits being the baby's mother but refuses to reveal ( раскрыть ) the father's identity. Mr Allworthy mercifully removes Jenny to a place where her reputation will be unknown. Furthermore, he promises his sister to raise the boy, whom he names Thomas , in his household.

Слайд 3

Two brothers, Dr Blifil and Captain Blifil , regularly visit the Allworthy estate. The doctor introduces the captain to Bridget in hopes of marrying into Allworthy's wealth. The couple soon marry. After the marriage, Captain Blifil begins to show a coldness to his brother, who eventually feels obliged to leave the house for London where he soon dies "of a broken heart". Captain Blifil and his wife start to grow cool towards one another, and soon he finds his wife, Bridget dead from apoplexy ([ ˈæp.ə.plek.si ] - инсульт ) one evening after taking his customary evening stroll prior to dinner ( прогулка перед ужином ). By then he has fathered a boy, who grows up with the bastard Tom .

Слайд 4

Tom grows into a vigorous ([ ˈvɪɡ.ər.əs ] – энергичный , решительный ) and lusty ( крепкий , сильный ), yet honest and kind-hearted, youth. His first love is Molly , gamekeeper ( егерь , лесник ) Black George's second daughter and a local beauty. She throws herself at Tom; he gets her pregnant and then feels obliged to offer her his protection. After some time, however, Tom finds out that Molly is somewhat promiscuous ([ prəˈmɪs.kju.əs ] – беспорядочная ) and it isn`t his child. He then falls in love with a neighbouring squire's lovely daughter, Sophia Western . Tom's status [ ˈsteɪtəs ] as a bastard causes Sophia's father and Allworthy to oppose their love; this criticism of class friction ( трение , разногласие ) in society acted as a biting social commentary. The inclusion ( включение ) of prostitution and sexual promiscuity ([ ˌprɒm.ɪˈskjuː.ɪ.ti ] - половая распущенность ) in the plot was also original for its time, and the foundation for criticism of the book's "lowness".

Слайд 5

Sophia's father, Squire Western , is intent ( намерен ) on making Sophia marry the hypocritical ([ ˌhɪp.əˈkrɪt.ɪ.kəl ] - лицемерный ) Master Blifil, but she refuses, and tries to escape from her father's influence. Tom, on the other hand, is expelled ( изгнан ) from Allworthy's estate for his many misdemeanours ([ ˌmɪs.dɪˈmiː.nərs ] – проступки ), and starts his adventures across Britain, eventually ending up in London. Amongst other things, he joins the army for a brief duration, finds a servant in a barber-surgeon ( цирюльник ) named Partridge (who was expelled from the village as he considered Tom`s father), beds two older women (Mrs Waters and Lady Bellaston), and very nearly kills a man in a duel [ ˈdjuː.əl ], for which he is arrested.

Слайд 6

Eventually the secret of Tom's birth is revealed, after a short scare that Mrs Waters (who is really Jenny Jones) is his birth mother, and that he has committed incest ([ ˈɪn.sest ] – кровосмешение ). Tom's real mother is Bridget, Squire Allworthy`s sister and Partridge isn`t his father, his real father is a schoolmaster — hence ( следовательно ) he is the true nephew of Squire Allworthy himself. After finding out about Tom's half-brother (c водный брат ) Master Blifil's intrigues, Allworthy decides to bestow ([ bɪˈstəʊ ] – даровать ) the majority of his inheritance to Tom. Tom and Sophia Western marry, after this revelation of his true parentage ([ ˈpeə.rən.tɪdʒ ] - происхождение ), as Squire Western no longer harbours any misgivings ( нет опасений ) over Tom marrying his daughter. Sophia bears Tom a son and a daughter, and the couple live on happily with the blessings of Squire Western and Squire Allworthy.

Слайд 7

Master Thomas " Tom " Jones , a bastard and Allworthy's ward Miss Sophia " Sophy " Western /ˌsoʊˈfaɪə/ , Western's only daughter, the model of virtue, beauty, and all good qualities Master William Blifil /ˈblɪfəl/ , the son of Captain Blifil and Bridget; a hypocrite and Tom Jones's rival Squire Allworthy , the wealthy squire of an estate in Somerset and Tom's guardian; of irreproachable character and good nature Squire Western , a wealthy squire and huntsman who owns a neighbouring estate to Squire Allworthy; a simpleton who wants to marry his daughter Sophia to Allworthy's heir (first Blifil and then Jones) Miss Bridget Allworthy (later Mrs. Blifil ), Allworthy's sister Lady Bellaston , Tom's lover and a leading figure in London society, who tries to force Sophia into marriage to a Lord by having her raped by him, so she would have Jones to herself Mrs. Honour Blackmore , Sophia's maid; egotistical and inconstant to her employer Dr. Blifil , Captain Blifil's brother; dies of a broken heart at his brother's rejection Captain John Blifil , a captain in the army and Allworthy's husband; with Methodist tendencies Lawyer Dowling , a lawyer Lord Fellamar , a peer and socialite; unsuccessfully conspires with Lady Bellaston to rape Sophia so as to force her into marriage Brian Fitzpatrick , an Irishman; abuses his wife Harriet Fitzpatrick Harriet Fitzpatrick , Mrs. Western's former ward and Fitzpatrick's wife; a cousin and friend of Sophia but lacking her virtue List of characters

Слайд 8

Miss Jenny Jones (later Mrs. Waters ), the Partridges' servant, a very intelligent woman who is believed to be Tom's mother Mrs. Miller , mother of Nancy and Betty Miller Miss Betty Miller , pre-adolescent daughter of Mrs. Miller Miss Nancy Miller (later Nightingale ), a good-natured girl who is imposed on by Mr Nightingale and would be ruined by him, together with her family, by lack of constancy in virtue Mr. Nightingale , a young gentleman of leisure; saved from ruining his first true love by Jones's entreaties Mr. Benjamin " Little Benjamin " Partridge , a teacher, barber, and surgeon, suspected to be Tom Jones's father Mrs. Partridge , Partridge's extremely ill-natured first wife Mr. George " Black George " Seagrim , Allworthy and later Western's gamekeeper; a poor man and the object of much charity from Tom Miss Molly " Moll " Seagrim , Black George's second daughter and Tom Jones's first lover; has a bastard son, possibly by Tom Mr. Thomas Square , a humanist philosopher and school teacher to Tom and Master Blifil; a hypocrite who hates Jones and favours Blifil, but who refrains from conspiration and eventually repents The Rev. Mr. Roger Thwackum (Reverend/school teacher to Tom and Master Blifil, a hypocrite who hates Tom Jones, favours Master Blifil and conspires with the latter against the former) Miss Western , Squire Western's unmarried sister, who wrongly believes herself to "know the World" (both in international and national politics and in social mores) Mrs. Deborah Wilkins , Bridget's servant

Слайд 9

The problems : - social inequality - love - injustice