Из истории Рязани
методическая разработка по английскому языку (7, 8, 9 класс)

The heart of Russia is Ryazan.

New Words

ancient – древний

horde –орда

to burn down -спалить дотла

to invade – вторгаться

invader – захватчик

invasion - вторжение

defend – защищать

bravery – храбрость

warrior – воин

defenders – защитники

continues - продолжать

Ryazan is one of the most beautiful towns of our country. Not every person knows that modern Ryazan and old Ryazan are not the same. Old Ryazan was situated on the Oka river. The city was one of the largest in Ancient Russia, but in 1237 Ryazan was attacked by the Golden Horde of Baty-Khan, it was burnt down. Nowadays there is a village Old Ryazan on its place.

Modern Ryazan was founded in 1095 and was called Pereyaslavl Ryazansky. It became the capital of Ryazan Principality when the enemies destroyed Ryazan.

On the 21 of December, the Horde of Baty invaded to Ryazan lands. Prince Yury  Igorevich invited some Ryazan princes. The decision was to defend the lands. There is a legend about a famous Ryazan hero Evpaty Kolovrat. He was famous for his bravery. During Baty invasion Kolovrat and his warriors were in Chernigov. Having heard that Baty Horde went to Ryazan lands, he and his soldiers, went to help the native town, but it was too late: Ryazan was burnt down, and its defenders were dead.

Nowadays Old Ryazan continues to live. That's why not only the archeologists come there, but also writers, scientists, and patriots of Russia.

1. Speak about Ryazan using the table below.
2. Explain why you like your native town.
3. Arrange the arguments in the order of their importance for you

FROM THE HISTORY OF RYAZAN

1. NEW WORDS:

Ancient - древний

annals - летописи

settlement - поселение

to link with - связывать

trade route – торговый маршрут

fortress - крепость

invasion - завоевание

2. Answer the questions with the new words:

1. Do you know any ancient settlements on the territory of Ryazan region?

2. Whose ancient settlement on the territory of Ryazan region do you know?

3. Have you read any ancient annals?

4. Where can we read ancient annals?

5. What river links Ryazan and Moscow?

6. Whose invasion of Russians territories do you know?

7. Are there any fortresses on the territory of Ryazan region?

8. What transport do you need for your house-school route?

3. Read, translate and ask questions:

Ryazan is one of Russia’s most ancient towns. It was first mentioned in the annals in 1096. Two settlements were known in ancient times:

1. what is now modern Ryazan was Pereyaslavl Ryazansky

2. Old Ryazan - the capital town of the Principality of Ryazan in the 12th-13th centuries.

Old Ryazan stood 50 km. to the south-east of modern Ryazan (Spassky Region now) on the Oka bank,

The Oka was the most important part of the “Great Waterway”. It linked the trade centres of the Baltic lands with the countries of the Orient up to China. Old Ryazan and Pereyaslavl were important towns along that trade route.

Pereyaslavl Ryazansky was founded as a fortress in 1095 and became what now is modern Ryazan by the 18th century.

In the 12th and early 13th centuries Ryazan was a Great Principality famous for its richness. The Great Principality of Ryazan was the first principality in Early Russia which faced the invasion of Khan Batu’s Golden Horde in 1237. All the towns of the principality were burnt down1 and their population was almost completely wiped out2.

This was the end of the history of old Ryazan. But Pereyaslavl Ryazansky became the principality’s capital town in the mid-14th century. The principality of Ryazan lasted until the first quarter of the 16th century when it was added to Moscow.

1 to be burnt down  - быть сожженным

2to wipe out – уничтожить

4. Find the information in the text to go on the idea:

It was interesting to know that…

It was pleasant to know that…

It was awful to know that…

5. Write down what you know about Ryazan of the:

11th century

12thcentury

13th century

14th century

16th century

18th century

The origin of the name of the city of Ryazan

As for the etymology of the word "Ryazan" there are many versions.

1. Finno-Ugric. Previously, this city was called Erzan’ – named after the Erzya tribe (Arisa). Later the tribe was driven out by the Slavs to the east (in the Arzamas area - this toponym also comes from the word "Erzya"). "Erzan" (Arisan) was transformed into slavonic "Ryazan" (in the annals we can also meet "Rezan’", "Razan’", "Razyan’", "Rzan’").

2. Slavonic. From the word "rezan’" - a cut slice. The Principality was "cut off" from other Russian principalities by forests, swamps and the enemy.

3. From the name of the founder of the city - Razan (Ruzan).

Less convincing versions.

4. From the word " duckweed" (RYASKA), a little water grass, which cover the surfaces of ponds, as there were a lot of swamp places.

5. From the word "Rezan’" ("Ryazan") - small wild apples for the beverage called kvass; frozen apples transported along the winter path.

6. From the name of the coin in ancient Russia - "rezany". "cut." It was cut from Arab dirhams. The coins were taken on weight. It is possible that in Ryazan people practiced that business.

7. Ryazan - "city of the sun" or "road to Ra", "road to the sun" or to the Volga (the Volga in ancient times was called "Ra").

8. The name Ryazan was brought by immigrants from the Middle East (from Syria), there is its own "Ryazan" - Deir ez-Zor - on the bank of the Euphrates. According to this version, words Moscow, Tver, Novgorod are also from Syrian.

9. The etymological root of the word "Ryazan" is in the architectural term "ryazh" (log house of a wooden fortress).