Тесты ЕГЭ. Грамматика. Вербицкая 2015-2016 гг. Раздел 3 (часть 1)
материал для подготовки к егэ (гиа) по английскому языку (11 класс) на тему

B4

To learn more about her students, my younger brother's teacher sent home a lengthy questionnaire at the beginning of the school year. There ………………… a lot of questions about this and that.

 BE

B5

She asked ………………… about their likes and dislikes and about many other things.

 THEY

B6

She asked what they ………………… about their school in twenty years' time.

 THINK

B7

I was 6 years ………………… than my brother but some questions seemed very difficult even to me.

 OLD

B8

I ………………… answer them offhand.

 NOT CAN

B9

The ………………… question, in my opinion, was the one relating to their self-image: 'When you look in a mirror, what do you see?'

 BAD

B10

But my ten-year-old brother had no trouble with his answer: 'Myself, and everything behind ………………….'

 I

B4

There are many different stories about the beginning of the Olympics. One myth says that Zeus himself started the Games. Athletic games ………………… as an important part of many religious festivals in ancient Greek culture.

 HOLD

B5

Olympia was one of the ………………… religious centers in the ancient Greek world.

 OLD

B6

The ………………… sight at Olympia was the gold and ivory statue of Zeus.

 IMPRESSIVE

B7

The statue was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. This explains why Olympia………………… as the site for the most important athletic competition.

 CHOOSE

B8

Some athletes travelled hundreds of miles, from colonies. These colonies were as far away as modern Spain, Egypt, Ukraine and Turkey. Any freeborn Greek (a man or a boy)………………… take part in the Olympics.

 CAN

B9

………………… did not compete, they were also barred from attending the games, under penalty of death. Unmarried girls were allowed to attend.

 WOMAN

B10

Unlike the modern Olympics, judges………………… from all over the world, but were drawn from Elis, the local region which included Olympia.

 NOT COME

B4

Albert Schweitzer is known throughout the world for his missionary work in Africa. He was born on January 14, 1875 in Alsace, which was part of Germany and ………………… Part of France after World War I.

 LATE

B5

He was a talented person. By the age of thirty, he ………………… as an author, a lecturer, and a musician.

 KNOW

B6

It was at this time that he learned of the great need of medical doctors in Africa. He decided to become a doctor of medicine. In 1913, Doctor Schweitzer and his wife ………………… for Africa.

 LEAVE

B7

The morning after the Schweitzers arrived, they started to treat their patients in an old farmhouse. However, a new hospital building………………… with the help and the trust of African people.

 BUILD

B8

Their work was interrupted by World War I Only in 1924, Dr. Schweitzer was finally able to return to Lambarene to rebuild the hospital. When Mrs. Schweitzer came back to Africa in 1929, the hospital was much ………………….

 LARGE

B9

There was a growing staff of doctors and nurses. In 1953 Dr. Schweitzer ………………… the Nobel Peace Prize.

 GIVE

B10

He was grateful, but said, 'No man has the right to pretend that he ………………… enough for the cause of peace or declare himself satisfied.'

 WORK

B4

Modern world of sports knows many kinds of gymnastics. One of them, rhythmic gymnastics………………… out of modern gymnastics and the Swedish system of free exercise in the 19-th century.

 GROW

B5

It was called 'aesthetic gymnastics' as the students ………………… express feelings and emotions through body movement. It combined elements of ballet, gymnastics, and theatrical dance.

 CAN

B6

Young ………………… exercised to music, moving from simple calisthenics to more energetic activities. A growing number of men are participating in this kind of sport now.

 WOMAN

B7

In the 1880s in Switzerland various exercises to music were created. They were designed to give grace of movement, and a much………………… pose.

 GOOD

B8

A degree of difficulty for each movement………………… by the European Sport Association after the World War I. So all the elements were graded accordingly.

 DEVELOP

B9

In 1906 rhythmic gymnastics was introduced to North America, but the sport …………………much popularity.

 NOT GAIN

B10

Ten European countries ………………… part in the first world championship, held in 1973 in Budapest, Hungary. The United States did not begin competing in the biennial world championship until 1973.

 TAKE

B4

How long has man been on earth? Let us travel 5,000 years into the past. We are in the days before man learned to write. Recorded history………………… yet.

NOT BEGIN

B5

Yet there are people, about five million of them,

………………… on all five continents.

 LIVE

B6

The ………………… true human being, Homo sapiens, appeared in Europe more than 50,000 years ago.

 EARLY

B7

Daedalus was a brilliant architect and inventor of  ancient Greece. He was so brilliant that King Minos of Grete ………………… him as a prisoner.

 KEEP

B8

The King ………………… to let him go back to his home in Athens.

NOT WANT

B9

Daedalus lived with his son Icarus in a tower of the palace, and King Minos made him invent weapons of war that would make his army and navy even ………………… than they already were.

 POWERFUL

B10

Although Daedalus and Icarus had every comfort, they longed to return home to Athens. Daedalus looked at the sea, and he realised that even if they managed to slip out of the tower and find a little boat, they world not be able to sail far. One of King Minos's………………… would spot and catch them very soon.

 SEAMAN

B4

The evolution of pizza was quite long and many cultures contributed to it. Let………………… have a glimpse of its history.     

 WE

B5

………………… of ancient Egypt, Greece and later Rome had recipes similar to modern ones.      

 WOMAN

B6

The Egyptians had a tradition to celebrate the Pharaoh's birthday with flat loaves …………………very much like our modern pizza.     

 LOOK

B7

The word 'pizza' appeared in printing at the end of the 10th century for the …………………time.

 ONE

B8

A remarkable event took place in June 1889. The Italian queen Margarita was staying in her summer palace in Naples. It was her birthday and the owner of a very popular pizzeria cooked a special kind of pizza for her. He named it 'Margarita'. It was the …………………way to make this pizza famous all over the world. 

 GOOD

B9

Now pizza ………………… with tomatoes. However, when tomatoes appeared in Europe they were grown as an ornamental plant.   

 COOK

B10

For a long time people ………………… believe that tomatoes were edible.

 NOT CAN

B4

This week’s snowfall in Brazil is one of the largest in decades. As snow on the ground is not a very common landscape in a so-called tropical country, everybody ………………………excited when they saw streets in snow.           

 FEEL

B5

In the cities by the sea people are used to spending the summer sun bathing. They……………………… very much when they saw snow covering the city.

 SURPRISE

B6

It ……………………… long before social media became loaded with pictures of white fields and roads, and snowmen.

 NOT BE

B7

The usual images of the North Pole are impressive ice sheets, but scenes from a webcam there reveal a different story. Meteorologists have reported that temperatures in early July were one to three degrees Celsius ……………………… than the year’s average over most of the Arctic Ocean.

 HIGH

B8

Thanks to rapidly melting ice, Santa Claus now……………………… his own swimming pool. The North Pole is currently a lake, Canada.com reports.

 HAVE

B9

The lake is about a foot deep, ………………………entirely of the melted ice itself. It shows a dramatic change is the Arctic climate.

 CONSIST

B10

In fact, a pool of melted water ………………………at the North Pole every year now since 2002. The mythical home of Santa Claus has been officially flooded!

 FORM

B4

The Huang He, or Yellow River, in China is called “China’s Sorrow” by the Chinese themselves. Since long ago, flooding……………………… a serious problem.

 BE

B5

The ………………………, most sorrowful flood on record happened in 1931.

 BAD

B6

The waters began to rise in July, and by November of that year, more than 40,000 square miles had been flooded, ………………………80 million people homeless.

 LEAVE

B7

Once there lived a rabbit and a tortoise. The rabbit challenged the tortoise to have a race with ………………………. The tortoise agreed and they started the race.

 HE

B8

The rabbit ran ……………………… than the tortoise, and in a few minutes he was near the crossing line. He couldn’t see the tortoise, so he decided to rest for a while till the tortoise arrived and then he would quickly cross the line.

 FAST

B9

The rabbit lay down under a tree and soon he was asleep. When he awoke, he saw that the tortoise ……………………… the line.

 CROSS

B10

The tortoise ……………………… the match, showing that it’s more important to be steady and active than to be fast.

 WIN

B4

New Zealand consists of two main islands and a number of smaller islands so scattered that they range from the tropical to the Antarctic. New Zealand ……………………… about 2,012 km southeast of Australia.

 LOCATE

B5

The two main islands are the North Island and the South Island, ……………………… by Cook Strait. The North Island is 829 km long and volcanic in its south-central part.

 SEPARATE

B6

South Island has the Southern Alps along its west coast, with Mount Cook being the……………………… point. Other inhabited islands include Stewart Island, the Chatham Islands, and Great Barrier Island.

 HIGH

B7

A woman came to President Abraham Lincoln and told him with a commanding air: “Mr. President, you must make my son a general. Sir, I demand it not as a favor, but as a right. My grandfather ……………………… at Lexington.

 FIGHT

B8

My father was the only man who……………………… away at Bladensburg.

 NOT RUN

B9

My husband ……………………… at Monterrey.”

 KILL

B10

“I guess, madam,” said Lincoln, “your family……………………… enough for the country. It is time to give somebody else a chance.”

 DO

B4

During winter and sometimes even autumn and spring it snows in some cities of southern Brazil. There are several cities ………………………for their snow, like Urupema and Urubici.

 KNOW

B5

These cities ……………………… all in high areas, but even places at sea level can have snow, although in small amounts and not every year.

 BE

B6

Brazil……………………… to be a “tropical paradise” which is very wrong. Foreigners who travel to southern Brazil during autumn or winter in search for some heat and beaches are often disappointed.

 THINK

B7

Do you know how the global warming affects the Arctic? A survey by the Japan Agency for Science and Technology shows that Arctic ice is melting at a far ……………………… rate than anticipated. Today Arctic ice is melting at previously unseen rates.

 QUICK

B8

The coastal ice in parts of Canada and Alaska has become quite brittle. Ice easily breaks away in large pieces and melts in the open ocean. Now there is also……………………… sea ice in the Arctic Ocean.

 LITTLE

B9

It happens because ice ……………………… into the Atlantic Ocean.

 FLOAT

B10

Scientists say that the lack of ice represents clear proof that the planet ………………………. Back in the past it could take three years to get through the waterway's thick ice successfully, now — just a few weeks.

 WARM

B4

Do you know what holography is? It is a technique ……………………… on lasers, which enable 3-D (three-dimensional) images to be made.

 BASE

B5

In 1962, Soviet physicist Yuri Denisyuk……………………… up with the first reflection hologram also known as the “Denisyuk hologram”.

 COME

B6

Now the technology ……………………… in most holographic displays and it was the first to allow multi-color image reproduction in holograms.

 USE

B7

Johnny noticed a change in his mother’s appearance. “Mommy, some of your hairs……………………… grey. Why?” the curious child asked.

 TURN

B8

The mother tried to use this occasion to teach her child: “It is because of you, dear. Every bad action of ……………………… shows on my hair.

 YOU

B9

It ……………………… one my hairs grey!”

 TURN

B10

The child replied innocently: “Now I know why my grandmother has only grey hair on her head.” Most children are ……………………… than adults think.

 SMART

B4

Once I was travelling in Italy. It was a lovely day. I wandered along the street until I came upon some parasol-shaded tables which seemed to ……………………… very nice. I settled and opened my book.

 I

B5

It was taking a long time for the waiter to arrive, but I was in no hurry. I was sure that the waiter ……………………… soon.

 COME

B6

But finally, becoming impatient, I turned to signal for service and saw the neon sign. That was the……………………… moment ... I discovered that I was sitting outside a store selling garden furniture.

 BAD

B7

The Great Wall of China runs for 6,700 kilometers from east to west of China. It is one of the ……………………… wonders of the world.

 GREAT

B8

The Great Wall ……………………… in order to protect the country form different aggressors.

 BUILD

B9

The construction of the Wall ……………………… in the 6th century BC and lasted until the 16thcentury AD.

 BEGIN

B10

Since then, the Great Wall of China……………………… a Symbol of wisdom and bravery of the Chinese people and a monument to Chinese nation for many hundreds of years.

 BECOME

B4

Among the e-mails waiting for me at work one morning was one from a member of my staff. It was sent from his personal e-mail address and there was only his home phone number. Thinking something was wrong, I immediately called……………………….

 HE

B5

A sleepy female voice answered and told me he was at work and ……………………… home late in the evening.

 COME

B6

The ……………………… moment was when I remembered that I had recently asked staff members to give me their home numbers. I went right down to the employee’s office to apologize for my call.

 BAD

B7

………………………, however, he thanked me. I had awakened his daughter, who had an exam that morning but had forgotten to set her alarm. Thanks to my call, she hadn’t missed the exam.

 LATE

B8

In English-speaking countries they celebrate Valentine’s Day and Mother’s Day. In Russia we celebrate the International Women’s Day. Though it ……………………… ‘International’, it is observed only in Russia and some CIS countries.

 CALL

B9

Boys and ……………………… bring flowers and small presents to girls and women they work or study with.

 MAN

B10

It ……………………… a tradition for husbands to do all house work on that day. There are many jokes about it being the only day of the year when they do this.

 BECOME

B4

My elder brother likes all kinds of music. He prefers jazz but also listens to pop music and sometimes goes to classical music concerts. But when driving ……………………… in his car, he insists on listening to heavy-metal music.

 I

B5

For a long time I ……………………… understand why he was doing  it.

 NOT CAN

B6

He knew very well that for me it was the……………………… kind of music.

 BAD

B7

One day I decided to ask him why he always chose this type while driving. “Well, sister,” he reluctantly replied, “to be frank, it’s mainly so you can’t sing along.” He added that he……………………… to anything else if only I promised not to sing along.

 LISTEN

B8

St. Patrick is the patron saint of Ireland. On March 17 there is a great celebration with the major parade in Dublin and smaller parades all over Ireland. In New York the ………………………St. Patrick’s Day celebration took place in 1762.

 ONE

B9

On March 15, 1992 St. Patrick’s Day……………………… in Moscow. Thousands of delighted Muscovites gathered at Novy Arbat to watch the parade of marching bands, Cossack horsemen and floats of Russian and Irish companies.

 CELEBRATE

B10

Since then, St. Patrick’s Day parades……………………… in Moscow every year.

 HOLD

B4

For years my husband, Tom, and I had complained bitterly about the lack of sidewalks in our village. We didn’t have enough exercise but we ……………………… jog because there were no sidewalks.

 NOT CAN

B5

Tom had often told ………………………, «If only we had sidewalks, we would jog or walk daily and become models of fitness».

 I

B6

So we were thrilled when a community sidewalk project was announced, and watched eagerly as paving neared completion. Then the……………………… thing happened: wishful thinking and reality collided.

 BAD

B7

«Well, dear,» Tom said. «What’ll we use as an excuse for not walking now?» I said I……………………… of some excuse.

 THINK

B8

In the USA, Memorial Day is the last Monday in May. Memorial Day ……………………… a national holiday in 1971.

 DECLARE

B9

But the tradition of honoring those who died in defense of ……………………… country goes back to the Civil War. The tradition to hold memorial services, visit the cemeteries, decorate the graves with flowers and wreaths originated in Waterloo, New York, in 1866.

 THEY

B10

Since then, the tradition ………………………. Nowadays, on Memorial Day Americans honor not only soldiers who perished in wars but those loved ones who have died.

 CHANGE

B4

As we walked around the Prehistoric Park in Calgary, I had my six- year-old son, Jordie, pose for a picture with a brontosaurus in the background. After I took the photo, I……………………… help crying.

 NOT CAN

B5

«What’s wrong, Моm?» Jordie asked. I explained that when I was his age, my parents had taken my picture standing in exactly the same spot, and I was feeling rather nostalgic. I added that perhaps one day he ………………………his son’s picture here.

 TAKE

B6

Puzzled, he looked several times from the brontosaurus to ……………………….

 I

B7

And then came the ……………………… moment of my life. My son said, «But ... when you were a girl ... it was alive then, right?»

 BAD

B8

On this day, Russia celebrates the victory over Nazi Germany and honours 20 million Soviet people who died in the war. May 9………………………, since on the night of the 8th/9th of 1945, the Nazi Germany surrendered to the Soviet Union and the Allies in Berlin.

 CHOOSE

B9

In Russia, almost every family has at least one person who ……………………… part in the war.

 TAKE

B10

Older citizens who did not fight during the war worked in factories to make weapons, which was not ……………………… than fighting. They, too, are honoured on Victory Day.

 EASY

B4

Mr. Jones and Mr. Brown worked in the same office. Their ……………………… were good friends. One day Mr. Jones invited Mr. Brown to a small party.

 WIFE

B5

Mr. Brown went into the other room and telephoned. He ……………………… very much by his telephone conversation.

 SURPRISE

B6

When he came back Mr. Jones asked him, “Have you spoken to your wife already?” “No, she ……………………… there when I phoned. My small son answered the phone. I asked him, “Is your mother there?” And he said, “She is somewhere outside”.

 NOT BE

B7

“Why is she outside?” I asked. “She……………………… for me”, he answered.

 LOOK

B8

Have you ever celebrated Maslenitsa? It is one of the ……………………… festivals in Russia. It signals the end of winter and welcomes the coming of spring.

 POPULAR

B9

Russian pancakes — blini — are very important in the celebration of Maslenitsa. Blini……………………… with jam, sour cream, and of course, lots of butter.

 EAT

B10

Warm, round, and golden — blini are the symbol of the sun! Ancient Russians actually believed that when eating a pancake, they……………………… a part of the Sun’s life energy.

 GET

B4

Some of the natural wonders are known for their beauty. The Meteor Crater is not one of them. It looks like a big hole in the desert. It……………………… by a meteorite hitting the earth thousands of years ago.

 CAUSE

B5

The crater is 4,145 feet across, and 570 feet deep. It is the ……………………… impact crater in the entire world.

 LARGE

B6

When Europeans discovered it in 1871, they……………………… it was the top of a volcano.

 THINK

B7

Since then, scientists ……………………… the crater for many years, but there are still many secrets and mysteries hiding inside it.

 EXPLORE

B8

One day last summer my nine-year-old daughter went off to the camp. All her things……………………… in a small bag.

 PACK

B9

Two weeks later, Anna came back home and I unpacked her things. Everything was clean and well folded. “Camp sure has changed you. Your things look much ……………………… than usual.”

 GOOD

B10

“It was simple, Mom,” she answered. “I didn’t unpack. Many ……………………… did the same.”

 CHILD

B4

Russia has a varied climate. Almost all of Russia ……………………… in the North Temperature Zone.

 SITUATE

B5

The climate is continental; however, the fluctuations in temperature are ………………………than in other European countries.

 GREAT

B6

The extreme north is a cold bare region — the tundra. For more than six months it……………………… in snow.

 BURY

B7

This region can be called the land of……………………… rivers.

 FREEZE

B8

In May the temperature begins to rise. The gloomy night is succeeded by continuous daylight, when the sun ……………………… below the horizon for several months.

 NOT SINK

B9

The better part of Russia is not influenced by the warm winds of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. There are no mountains in the north to form a barrier against the cold winds……………………… from the Arctic Ocean.

 BLOW

B10

The extreme west of Russia has a temperate climate. Thus, the summers in the Baltic are cool and the winters mild. If we go……………………… east, the climate will become more continental.

 FAR

B4

Everybody knows that Christopher Columbus discovered America. Was he really the first to reach the continent? The great Norwegian explorer Thor Heyerdal believed that ancient people were able to build boats that……………………… cross oceans.

 CAN

B5

То test his ideas, Heyerdal decided to build a copy of the ancient Egyptian boat and sail across the Atlantic. On May 25, 1969 the boat called Ra left a port in Morocco and headed across the ……………………… part of the Atlantic.

 WIDE

B6

On May 17, 1970 Ra successfully crossed the Atlantic,……………………… that ancient civilizations had enough skill to reach America long before Columbus.

 PROVE

B7

In ancient Greece there were many temples built for Apollo. He was the god of youth, beauty, music and poetry. Besides, Apollo had one very special skill — he could see the future. One day Apollo came to the temple in Troy. Among other ……………………… he saw Cassandra, a young and beautiful priestess, who worked at the temple.

 WOMAN

B8

Apollo ……………………… by her grace.

 IMPRESS

B9

The minute Apollo saw Cassandra, he……………………… in love. It was love at first sight. Apollo offered her a deal. He would give Cassandra the gift of being able to see the future, if she gave him a kiss. Cassandra agreed.

 FALL

B10

With a laugh, Apollo gave her the gift,……………………… about the reward. Instantly, Cassandra could see the future. She saw Apollo, in the future, helping to destroy Troy.

 DREAM

B4

Once there lived an old emperor who had no children. He ……………………… choose his successor for a long time.

 NOT CAN

B5

Then he called all the young people in the kingdom together and said, «I’ll give each one of you a seed today. I want you to go home, plant it, water it and come back here one year from today with what you have grown from this one seed.» A boy named Ling also got a seed. He came home and told his mother that he……………………… the best plant.

 GROW

B6

She helped ……………………… plant the seed. Every day he watered it but nothing grew.

 HE

B7

A year passed and Ling took his empty pot to the palace while all the rest brought some beautiful plants. The emperor said, «Lying is the ……………………… thing in the world. I gave you all spoilt seeds. Nothing grows from spoilt seeds.» So Ling became the new emperor.

 BAD

B8

Roald Dahl, a famous British writer, was Norwegian by birth. Dahl ……………………… after the Polar explorer Roald Amundsen, a national hero in Norway at the time. During the Second World War Dahl served in the Royal Air Force as a fighter pilot.

 NAME

B9

Dahl became well-known in 1940s with works for both ……………………… and adults.

 CHILD

B10

One of his highly popular tales was ‘Charlie and the Chocolate Factory’. Since 1945 his books ……………………… in almost 50 languages.

 PUBLISH