Revolutionary movement in Russia in the 19th-20th centuries
методическая разработка по английскому языку (7 класс) на тему

Революционное движение и терроризм в России 19-20 веков

1)Hier gibt es die Zeitungen, die man in 1917 publiziert hat. Sie sind in Schwedish.

2)Die schwedische Sprache ist der deutchen Sprache ähnlich. Man kann diesselbe umlaut sehen. Aber die Lesen-Regeln sind verschieden, deshalb heben wir nur einige Fragmente überzetzt.

3)Die Artikel sind der politischen Situation in der Welt, den Beziehungen mit Russland , der Geschichte und der Kultur gewidmet.

4)Wir wollen über die russische  revolutionäre Bewegung mehr wissen.

Vladimir Ulianov

Vladimir Ulianov was born on April 22, 1870. At school he proved himself to be very bright and excelled in his studies. He enjoyed reading Goethe in original. Later he studied law at the university. He was at the top of his class. There were two major tragedies which had an effect on the young Lenin. In 1886 his father died, the following year his brother, Alexander, was hung for plotting to assassinate Tsar Alexander III. He moved to St.Petersburg in 1893 where he practiced law. While there he began developing a Marxist underground movement. In 1895 Lenin travelled to Switzerland where he met Social Democrats. They argued over the means of bringing about change in Russia. Lenin favoured the rise of the proletariat. When Lenin returned to Russia, he decided to publish a revolutionary paper. Lenin was imprisoned and exiled to Siberia but continued his revolutionary activity. A lot of people in Europe & Russia supported his ideas. In 1917 the revolution in Russia took place. The Tsar's power collapsed and the Duma, led by Alexander Kerensky, took power. However, Lenin made a deal with the Germans and Russia was pulled out of the war. Lenin came to power in October after a nearly bloodless coup.

Vera Zasulich

One of the women famous for her revoulutionary activity is Vera Zasulich.She was born in 1883 in Smolensk region. Her father died when Vera was only 3 and her mother had to send the daughter to  richer  relatives. She graduated from a boarding school in Moscow and got a degree of home teacher. In 1868 Vera moved to St. Petersburg. She found a job and started her self education. Vera  took part in the work of revolutionary circles, tried to make peasants rebel and wrote propagandist slogans. She was arrested and exiled many times.

    Vera Zasulich made an unsuccessful attempt to kill the mayor of  Petersburg  Trepov . She was arrested, but after a trial she was declared innocent. Then she had to leave Russia and live abroad. In 1899 she returned to Russia where she met Lenin. She was one of the editors of the Iskra and the Zarya .She supported Lenin’s ideas about proletariat. But after the revolution on 1917, Vera Zasulich changed her mind about Bolsheviks .

Ekaterina Breshko- Breshkovskaya

Ekaterina Konstantinovna Verigo (we know her as Breshko- Breshkovskaya) was born in 1844.She is one of the representatives of the Russian revolutionary movement. Breshko-Breshkovskaya is also one of the leaders of Russian socialist revolutionary party and its military organization. Breshko-Breshkovskaya is known as "the grandmother of Russian Revolution". Ekaterina had a good           education. Being a young girl she helped her father to free peasants, orginize a school and a library for the villagers. After marrying a landowner Breshko-Breshkovski she lived in Kiev. There she met Akselrod and started her revolutionary activity. She was arrested and imprisoned. It must be said that she spent some time in Trubetskoi Bastion in the Peter-and-Paul Fortress. Breshko-Breshkovskaya was sentenced to 5 years of exile in Siberia. She tried to run away but was caught and got 4 more years of penal servitude. Since that time Breshko-Breshkovskaya had been spreading revolutionary ideas among peasantry. She was a strong supporter of political agricultural terror. She took an active part in the work military organization of Socialist Revolutionary party. Later she supported the Temporary Government, but didn't accept the Soviets.

Vera Figner

Vera Figner was a Russian revolutionary and so called "narodnik".

She was born in 1852 near Kazan into a well-to-do Jewish

family. She received a good education and had progressive ideas.

So, when she was 21, she joined the All-Russian-social-revolutionary

organization.

Vera was one of the most active members who did her best

at revolutionary propaganda.

It must be said that Vera Figner lived a long life and wrote a lot of

memoirs.