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Further Education  In  Great Britain

       The Education Act of 1944 specified further education in the United Kingdom: it is for persons over compulsory school age, and consists of full-time and part-time education. Further education includes all forms of public education except secondary and university education and teacher training. It covers practically every kind and level of education and training, formal and informal.

       The main sub-divisions of vocational education are technical, commercial, art, agricultural and horticultural. Technical education is organized in the following structure: Local or District Colleges do the elementary work, Area Colleges – the intermediate, and Regional Colleges and Colleges of Advanced Technology  - the advanced.

       Academic work and professional training differ from college to college. Many student between 15 and 18 attend mainly part – time and evening courses.

       The technical colleges award the National Certificates and Diplomas – Ordinary and Higher. Ordinary National Certificates (O.N.C.) are awarded to students who are at work but who attend part-time day or evening courses for three years. This probably means about five hours’ attendance at college a week. The Higher Certificate (H.N.C.) is normally received at the end of a further two years’ part-time work and another two or three years’ studies. National Diplomas (O.N.D. and H.N.D.) are similar to the National Certificates but are taken after full-time studies lasting two or three years.

Words and word combinations

further[‘fә:ᶞᵊ] - дальнейшее

compulsory [kәm’pᴧlsәri] – обязательный

vocational [vou’keiᶴnl] - профессиональный

full-time - с отрывом от роботы

part-time - без отрыва от работы, с частичной занятостью

to  include -включать

sub –division [sᴧbdi’viᶾn] –подразделение

horticultural [‘hᵓ:tikᴧltᶴәrәl]- садоводческий

the National Certificate (Diploma) - свидетельство (диплом) о среднем техническом образовании

ordinary - на обычном уровне

higher - на повышенном уровне