Презентация "Halloween"
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Halloween (Halloween) - one of the oldest festivals in the world. In this strange holiday intertwined Celtic tradition of honoring evil spirits and Christian - worship of the saints.
Halloween was first celebrated many centuries ago in Ireland and Scotland by Celtic priests called Druids. They observed the end of autumn and the beginning of winter. The Druids thought that Halloween was the night when the witches came out. As they were afraid of the witches they put on different clothes of evil spirits. They also placed food and small gifts near the doors of their houses for the witches.
It is considered that Halloween was brought to America by the immigrants from Ireland and Scotland. In the 19 th century they celebrated Halloween according to their old traditions. As time went by, grown-up people lost interest in Halloween, and it was celebrated only by children. They put on spooky costumes and held festivals. They walk from house to house and ask “Trick or Treat”?
Black cats as Halloween symbols originated in pagan Europe, evolving through the rituals of the Middle Ages until brought to America by the Irish. The black cat as a Halloween symbol can be traced back to the earliest periods of human existence in the Mediterranean and ancient Near East cultures. Cats, however, were not always associated with evil and in some early European cultures black cats were a sign of good luck. American Halloween symbols, however, are more closely identified with the Pagan origins of harvest festivals and the coming of winter in the British Isles. Anthropology professor Anthony Aveni , for example, writes that, “The Irish…brought over the habit of celebrating Halloween with huge bonfires to scare away evil spirits…in the form of…black cats …”
Н а lloween celebration is closely connected with appels . Why appels ? Appels were once thought to be the link between men and gods. the druids believed in an apple island, called Avalon. Eating appels,especiali a certain kind called aliens, is believed to bring good luck. By putting an Alien apple under your pillow,you can dream a wish and eat the apple in the morning.
In Irish lore, Jack was a a stingy drunkard, who tricked the Devil into climbing an apple tree for a juicy apple and then quickly cut the sign of the cross into the tree trunk, preventing the Devil from coming down. Jack made the Devil swear that he wouldn't come after his soul in any way. The Devil promised. However, this did not prevent Jack from dying. When he arrived at the gates of heaven, he was turned away because he was a stingy, mean drunk. Desperate for a resting place, he went to the Devil. The Devil, true to his word, turned him away. "But where can I go?" pleaded Jack. "Back where you came from," said the Devil. The night was dark and the way was long, and the Devil tossed him a lighted coal from the fire of Hell. Jack, who was eating a turnip at the time, placed the coal inside and used it to light his way. Since that day, he has traveled the world over with his Jack-O'-Lantern in search of a place to rest. Irish children carved out turnips and potatoes to light the night on Halloween.
At the festival of Samhain mysterious Druids (the soul of naturecome to life) were collected in the oak groves of the high hills ( theCelts believed that a holy oak trees), burned in large bonfires andsacrificed the dark spirits of various victims. In the morning the Druids gave a gift to the people of the remnants of coal fires, on which sacrifices were offered to people lit fireplacesin their homes. It was believed that the fire of the Druids warms the whole house a long winter, and also protected the house from evil,evil spirits . Dark night of the young girls were wondering - if you throw twochestnuts in the fire of the Druids, and if the chestnuts are burnedside by side - that she will hold my life in love and friendship with a favorite, but if chestnuts are rumblings on different sides - the life paths diverge in different side . To see her betrothed girl sat in front of a clean mirror at midnight, one hand holding the apple . It was also believed that if a candle had fallen in the house is "bad" sign (the dark spirits are trying to extinguish the fire source in the house) The Celts believed in it . Even today, some of these will still live.
The main entertainment of children on Halloween - it's begging forsweets . Children dress up in costumes and masks, they go from house to house and say, "Help yourself, and not his joke." Neighborsgive children treats such as candy, fruit, and a trifle, that children do not play with them a cruel joke.
The main essence of Halloween. After all, this mysterious holidaygives us a real opportunity to learn and understand the significantbond between the real and the other worlds. Halloween Day - not onlymoving , the doors of the different worlds. These mysterious door, like most surprising. Having been committed between different worlds, they speak in the same time they both Ini one of these worlds. Samhain is a door in the winter. Most of us perceive as somethingnasty winter, cold with a feeling of cold fear. A feeling as if everythingsuddenly alive, slowly but surely dying.