Презентация Letters.How to write.
презентация к уроку по английскому языку (9 класс) на тему

Letters: how to write Alzinskaya T.V. Belozerki, 2011 Content: A Letter: what is it? General outline for letters Informal letters Formal letters Transactional letters Speech patterns: - Introductory paragraph -Making a reference -Enclosure -Making a request -Making a suggestion, an offer, an invitation -Making an apology - Making an official thanks -Congratulations, wishes -Closing the letter Tasks Links What is a letter? It is a message from one person to another, from one organization to another or from an individual to an organization. It can either be hand-written, typed, or printed. Why do people write letters? To tell about something To ask for help/some information To invite To complain To express thanks/regrets/congratulations To apply for a job etc. A single or double sheet of Letter paper
A long single sheet of Letter paper
Vertical note paper
Horizontal note paper
How to put letters and notes in envelopes Your address
The recipient's address
The date
Salutation
Paragraph 1 Reasons for writting
Paragraph 2,3 The main body
Final paragraph Closing remarks
Your name
General outline for letters informal
Formal (business)
transactional
Letters Note to the teacher
Thank-you notes
Letters of regret
Letters of invitation
Letters of condolence
Friendly letters
Informal letters An informal letter or a personal letter is a letter to a close friend or an acquaintance. complimentary close
Post Script
Address and date
Salutation
Body
Informal letters Style in Informal letters Short, zappy style (abbreviations) Use of slang or colloquial English- use of idioms- phrasal verbs Pronouns are often omitted Chatty, use of literary devices Use of short forms Example: Informal letters beginnings and endings 1. Some useful expressions on how to begin an informal letter · Thank you for your letter which I received yesterday. · I was pleasantly surprised to hear from you. · It was wonderful to hear from you after so long. · Thank you for your letter. I was pleased to hear that you are in good health. · It was really nice hearing from you. I am glad that you like your new school. · I hope this letter finds you in the pink (of health). · Thank you for the lovely birthday card. 2. Some useful expressions on how to end an informal letter · I promise to write to you soon. · I hope you will reply soon. · Give my best wishes to your parents. · I am looking forward to seeing you. · I look forward to hearing from you. · Do write and tell me how you are progressing. · Do write soon. The most common types of business letters are:
Acknowledgement Letter
Apology Letter
Appreciation Letter
Inquiry Letter
Complaint Letter
Order Letter
Letter of Recommendation
Formal (business) letters Business letter is an old form of official correspondence. A business letter is written by an individual to an organization or an organization to another organization. Business letters are written for various purposes. One writes a letter to enquire information, apply for a job, acknowledge someone's work, and appreciate one's job done, etc. There are three accepted styles on what a one-page business letter should look like
Modified block style
Block style
Semiblock style
Formal letters Style in Formal letters Formal style-impersonal Complex sentence structure (Passive Voice, non-colloquial English, advanced vocabulary) Each paragraph develops one specific area Only facts, no use of literary devices No use of short forms Example: Transactional letters We write a transactional letter to respond to some kind of written input. This input may be a letter, an advertisement, an invitation, notes, etc, or a combination of these. When we write a transactional letter, we have to: -Read the rubric carefully, underlining the key words/phrases -Choose a writing style depending on who we are writing to (informal, semi-formal or formal) -Cover all the points in the rubric in full sentences. -We should use our own words. Example: 6 Pushkin St., Dmitrov 146150 Russia
The number of your house
The street you live in
Your city/ town
The postcode of your city/town
The country you live in
Your address 24-4-99
24th April
24th April 1999
Three ways to write it:
The date Dear Sirs- to a companyDear Sir – to a man if you don’t know his nameDear Madame – to a woman if you don’t know her nameDear Mr Smith – to a manDear Mrs Smith –to a married womanDear Miss Smith – to an unmarried woman or a girlDear Ms Smith – to a married or unmarried woman (if her marital status is not known to you or if she prefers to be addressed this way)
Salutation Closing remarks Yours faithfully (when we don’t know the recipient’s name)Yours sincerely (when we know the recipient’s name)Yours truly/ Truly yours/ Very truly yoursSincerely Best wishesBest regards/ RegardsLove Yours Introductory paragraph We are writing to inform you that ...                      to confirm ...                      to request ...                      to enquire about ... I am contacting you for the following reason. I recently read/heard about  . . . and would like to know . . . Having seen your advertisement in ... , I would like to ... I would be interested in (obtaining/receiving) ... I received your address from ...      and would like to   ... I am writing to tell you about ... Making a reference Why do we need an opening line in a business letter or formal email?- to make reference to previous correspondence- to say how you found the recipient's name/address - to say why you are writing to the recipient. 10 Good Opening Lines: With reference to your letter of 8 June, I ... I am writing to enquire about ... After having seen your advertisement in ... , I would like ... After having received your address from ... , I ... I received your address from ... and would like ... We/I recently wrote to you about ... Thank you for your letter of 8 May. Thank you for your letter regarding ... Thank you for your letter/e-mail about ... In reply to your letter of 8 May, ...  Enclosure I am enclosing ... Please find enclosed ... You will find enclosed Enclosed is/are…We have pleasure in enclosingWe are sending…under separate coverWe are pleased to submit… Closing the letter Why do we need a closing line in a business letter or email? - to make a reference to a future event- to repeat an apology- to offer help 10 good closing lines: If you require any further information, feel free to contact me. I look forward to your reply. I look forward to hearing from you. I look forward to seeing you. Please advise as necessary. We look forward to a successful working relationship in the future. Should you need any further information, please do not hesitate to contact me. Once again, I apologise for any inconvenience. We hope that we may continue to rely on your valued custom. I would appreciate your immediate attention to this matter. Making a request We would appreciate it if you would ... I would be grateful if you could... Could you please send me . . . Could you possibly tell us/let us have... In addition, I would like to receive ... It would be helpful if you could send us ... I am interested in (obtaining/receiving...) I would appreciate your immediate attention to this matter. Please let me know what action you propose to take. Making an offer, a suggestion, an invitation We would be happy to ... Would you like us to ... We are quite willing to ... Our company would be pleased to ...May I suggest…?We are able to suggest…I propose that… Making an apology We are sorry for the delay in replying ... I regret any inconvenience caused I would like to apologize for (the delay/the inconvenience) ... Once again, I apologise for any inconvenience We are very very sorry for/that…We apologize for…Do forgive us for…Please accept our sincere apologies for… Congratulations/ Wishes Many congratulations…Please accept our warmest congratulations…We wish you every success.I would like to wish you a very happy birthday.I send you my (very) best wishes for a speedy recovery. Making an official thanks I should like to express my sincere thanks for…We owe you our most sincere thanks for the way in which you…It was most kind of you…We would like to thank you for…We are most grateful for…Please accept our warmest thanks for…We would like to express our gratitude/ our sincere thanks for…Thank you for.. Example of a transactional letter TaskYou are planning to do an evening class with a friend who has sent you a letter and a leaflet advertising a music school. Read the letter and the leaflet together with your friend’s notes. Then write to the school asking for the information which your friend has suggested, adding any relevant questions of your own. Write a letter of between 120 and 180 words in an appropriate style. Do not write any addresses Stalham School of Music Would you like to learn to play an instrument? 1.Choose from electric guitar, drums, keyboard or saxophone.2.Elementary, intermediate or advanced.3.Lessons two evenings a week 4. Prices from Ј10.00 a lesson There are 8-week courses starting in October, January, April. Soundproof practice rooms available for hire. Bands welcomeExample: Transactional letters (a reply) October 13, 2006 (on the right side of the page) Dear Sir or Madam, I saw an advertisement about your course on the leaflet and got interested in it. I am writing to you because I still have some questions I would like to ask. Firstly, I have taken music up as a hobby so I would be grateful to attend this course. Secondly, I would like to ask whether it is possible to attend the course for an absolute beginner like me. Also, I was wondering if I need to bring my own instrument or you will provide me with the one of yours. Furthermore, I want to ask you on which days of the week the lessons are and how long they last. Also, can I modificate the time? What is more, I want to know if the payment is in advance or I should pay money after each lesson I have. Finally, I would like to know how much the practice room costs and what is included into the price. Maybe there are any discounts for students and bands? In conclusion, I would like to thank you for your kind attention and time. I am looking forward to your reply soon. Yours faithfully, Name Surname Example of an informal letter
305, International House University of Utah Salt Lake City June 29, 2009  My dear Mummy and DaddyMany thanks for your letter which arrived this morning. Sorry, I have not been writing as regularly as I should.The fact is I have started cooking my own food here. It is much cheaper than the Hostel food and sometimes even better. There is a kitchenette next to my room. Breakfast - porridge, eggs and coffee – can be prepared in about 10 minutes and there is always some bread and cheese and fruit to go with it. Lunch takes about the same time. And the most it takes to prepare a good dinner is less than an hour. And part of the time you can be watching TV in the next room. So it is no trouble at all. Moreover, I have teamed up with a friend of mine, so we share the work, which makes it much easier.Do send some recipes – for frying fish, cutlets and so on. We can get real good minced meat here and all the spices and very fine rice. So we can make anything we want.There are lots of Indians at the International House this year. The latest to come is one from Bangalore who is working for his Doctorate in Geophysics. During the Xmas-New Year break we were invited by several Indian families here. So we went out and ate a lot. And we called all the Indian families over. I cooked Kheema for forty people. And it was perfectly edible. You don’t believe it? Well …How is everybody at home? Ask Tina to write to me unless she is too busy cutting up corpses in the Medical College. Your Affectionate son KrishnaContent Courtesy - Macmillan Co.of India
Example of a business letter (Name of sender)(Position in company)(Company name) Dear (name of recipient) We have received your resume in response to our advertisement for (position). We are currently reviewing your application and we will be in touch with you within three to four working days. Respectfully yours, (Name of sender)(Position)
May 28, 2010Patrick Smith65 St. Therese StreetNew York, USA 3083Dear Mr. Smith,Good day. We are writing to acknowledge the order that you sent us the other day. We are confirming your orders.We have received your order for the following merchandise:1.Thirty pairs of fashion boots at $80.00 per pair 2.Fifty pieces of signature sun glasses at $100.00 each 3.Sixty pieces of assorted ladies’ tees at $50.00 each. Total amount of the order: $10,400.00.Please note that we will be adding an extra $50 for the shipping fee. Your orders will arrive on June 1, 2010.Please feel free to contact us if there are clarifications regarding your order. You can reach us at 938-2323. Thank you very much for your continued patronage. We are looking forward to serving you again.Sincerely,Jenna CurkeBranch ManagerCurke’s Fashion Merchandise
Acknowledgement Letter This type of letter is written when you want to acknowledge some one for his help or support when you were in trouble. The letter can be used to just say thanks for something you have received from some one, which is of great help to you. Business Apology LetterFrom: ManagerHotel Sea ViewGoa To: Managing DirectorGlobal Systems SoftwareGoa 28th December, 2006. Dear Sir,On behalf of (Hotel Sea View), kindly accept our sincere apologies for not (giving you the high standard of hospitality which is the general norm of our hotel). We sincerely regret the inconvenience caused to you because of this. As a gesture of good will, kindly accept a (free stay for two days).I am sure you would overlook the mistake on our part this time and would continue your business association with us. We reassure you of our co-operation and look forward to a more positive association with you in the future. Thanking You, Sincerely, Keshav Sen
Apology Letter An apology letter is written for a failure in delivering the desired results. If the person has taken up a task and he fails to meet the target then he apologizes and asks for an opportunity to improve in this type of letter. Ms. Dina HomesManager- Seles & MarketingRichard Company Pvt. LtdDear Ms. Homes,I am writing you this letter to appreciate your valuable contribution towards the success of our current project” ABC Telecom”. You must be well aware of the fact that this project was very important for our company for future growth. Since a long time, our management was looking forward to excel in such good projects. We are very happy with your brilliant work which now has made it possible to go ahead with the next project.We have decided to reward you on your hard work.  In regards to that, we have increased your basic salary up to 20% from next month. You will be the head of Sales & Marketing Department. We hope you will continue your brilliant performance in future as well.If you have any queries regarding your next target, feel free to contact me on my mailer.With Regards,Richard Williams
Appreciation Letter An appreciation letter is written to appreciate some one's work in the organization. This type of letter is written by a superior to his junior. An organization can also write an appreciation letter to other organization, thanking the client for doing business with them. Mark Davidson, Assistant Manager, ABC and Co Inc, New York-11701 June 08, 2011 Brian Anderson HRD Head and Admin, ABC and Co Inc, Dear Mr. Brian, Sub- Complaint about the job I would like to make a complaint about the job that I have been appointed. During the recruitment I was told that I would suppose to look after the post of assistant manager. But I would like to complain that due to this job I not only have to look after assistant manager post but also after the work of sales manager. I also have complaint about the timing of the job I was suppose to work about 8 hours daily but at present I am working about 10 to 11 hours daily. I would like to complain about the behavior of my colleagues, they are so abusing and do not give respect to my order. I hope that you will take my complaint in your due consideration and will take necessary action to make the job suitable to my requirement as I mentioned during the interview. Thanking you, Sincerely, Mark Davidson
Complaint Letter A complaint letter is written to show one that an error has occurred and that needs to be corrected as soon as possible. The letter can be used as a document that was used for warning the reader. Ms. Gulal Kodanda Kunjaban, Agartala799006 January 19, 2011 Dear Mr. Mahabala, I am a fresh graduate of an undergraduate degree in Sales and Marketing and I am interested in your special training course on Current Trends and Techniques in Effective Sales.  I found out about your training course through a friend of mine who works at your institute.  However, he was not very familiar about the details of the course so I am writing this letter to inquire. I want to find out what are your requirements for those who wish to enroll in the said training course.  I would also like to inquire how many hours a day would the training course require if I enroll.  I am applying for a part-time job to help finance my basic needs and tuition and I would not be able to spend extended hours for the training. Thank you and I hope for your response on this inquiry soon. Respectfully, Ms. Gulal Kodanda
Mr. Naval Mahabala Director Sales Trainors Institute KunjabanAgartala-799006
Inquiry Letter The letter of inquiry is written to inquire about a product or service. If you have ordered a product and yet not received it then you can write a letter to inquire when you will be receiving it. SAVE AND DELETE COMPUTER CENTEREast Daan BagoSamal, BataanMarch 28, 2006Mr. Eric RamosSales ManagerEnigma CorporationAngeles CityDear Mr. Ramos,Please send us one (1) box of 3.5 sony diskettes and (1) 17” red fox monitor, color black.  Terms of payment will be the same as those of our previous orders.We would appreciate it very much if you could send these items immediately.Very truly yours,Merecel NavarroManager
Order Letter This letter is as the name suggests is used for ordering products. This letter can be used as a legal document to show the transaction between the customer and vendor. Recommending a friend for a jobFrom:Jennifer Brown,Project Manager,Media Outlook,Bristol.4th January, ’08.Dear Mr. Johnson,It is with great pride and pleasure that I recommend my friend (Ms. Anna White) for the post of a (Front-end Manager) in your company.I have known (Ms. Anna White) for over (10 years) now.  She has a very cheerful disposition and I have seen her handle even the most stressful of situations with a smile on her face.  Her positive attitude, enthusiasm and vivacious nature have always made a great difference to everybody around her.I strongly and sincerely recommend (Ms. Anna White) for the job as I think her qualities would perfectly match your requirements.For any further clarifications, please feel free to contact me.Sincerely,(Jennifer Brown)
To: Mr. Benjamin Johnson, General Manager, Media Associates Limited, Bristol.
Letter of Recommendation This type of letter is written to recommend a person for a job position. The letter states the positive aspects of the applicant's personality and how he/she would be an asset for the organization. Letter of recommendation is even used for promoting a person in the organization Here are some guidelines for writing friendly letters. 1. If you are answering a letter you received from someone, thank the sender for his/her letter, or for responding to questions you asked in your last letter. This lets the reader know you received and read his/her letter. 2. If you are responding to a letter, have that letter on hand when you write your reply. Answer the questions and comment on the information given in that letter. This lets the reader know you were interested in what he or she had to say. 3. Write about things which would interest both you and the reader. 4. Make your letter as detailed and descriptive as possible. You want the reader to be interested and to feel as if they have shared your experiences. 5. Ask questions so that your friend will have something to write back about. Avoid filling your letter with questions, however. Your friend is probably interested in what you are doing. 6. ALWAYS USE CORRECT SENTENCES AND PARAGRAPHS. 7. Proofread your letter for errors in expressions, as well as grammar. This will help you reader and prevent misunderstandings.
Friendly letters When you write to a friend to exchange news and “catch-up” on the latest news, the letter is written in casual language. You write as if you were speaking to the friend. Thank-you notes Thank-you notes, another type of personal letter, are sent as a courtesy to thank someone for his or her thoughtfulness or kindness. After receiving a gift, flowers, or a favour, sending a thank-you note lets the sender know you received the gift, noticed the favour, or appreciated his/her kindness. The thank-you note should be sent as soon as possible after receiving the gift or favour. Thank-you notes follow the same format as friendly letters and in general should be handwritten. Depending on who will receive the letter, you may use decorative note paper. Letters of condolence Another type of personal letter, a letter of condolence, is sent to express sympathy for something that has happened to the reader of the letter or to someone close to him/her. This is probably the most difficult of all personal letters to write. You will want to console the reader without increasing his/her sorrow. When writing letters of condolence, start by telling why you are writing the letter. Then,tell how you feel about the situation. Express your sympathy. Keep the letter as simple as possible. Letters of invitation When writing letters of invitation, you need to take special care to think about your purpose in writing. For example, are you writing simply to invite them? Do they need to be persuaded to come? Do you need to know for sure that they are coming so you can make sure there will be enough food? Will they need a place to sleep? Depending on the situation, they (your audience) may need very precise information: exact location, exact time, appropriate dress, approximate costs, and even sometimes whether it is necessary to reply to the invitation. Letters of regret If you are unable to attend a function, particularly one for which you have received a written invitation, a letter of regret is not only polite, but usually expected. The letter you write should be warm and friendly. In many cases, you may want to explain why you are not able to attend. Be sure to thank the person for the invitation and let them know you appreciated it. Tasks Task 1. Write a letter to a friend you haven't seen or spoken to in a long time. Tell him / her about what you have been doing and ask them how they are and what they have been up to recently. Task 2. Write a thank-you letter to a friend or relative, thanking him/her for a Christmas gift. Use your imagination to make it more interesting – perhaps you could describe your Christmas in the letter.Task 3. Write a letter to Zap Electric Company explaining that you are returning a recently purchased toaster because it is not working properly. Explain what the problem is and whether you expect it to be repaired or replaced.Task 4. Fold your letters correctly. Links: http://businessletterformat.org http://englishplus.com http://esl.about.com http://haunty.hubpages.com http://karachi.olx.com http://speakspeak.com http://stylecourt.blogpost.com http://www.bestsampleresume.com http://www.cambridgeesol.org http://www.nald.ca/CLR/search http://www.sampleletters.com http://www.talkingpeople.net http://www.writing-lovers.com Презентацию подготовила: Альзинская Т.В.учитель иностранного языка МОУ Белозерская СОШ Красноярского района Самарской области