Экзаменационные топики по английскому языку
материал для подготовки к егэ (гиа) по английскому языку (9 класс) по теме

№12 Television

      The mass media play an important role in people’s life. Radio, Press, Television and the Internet inform, educate and entertain us. Old people and drivers prefer listening to the radio, our parents read newspapers and magazines, teenagers enjoy using the Net and we all like watching TV in the evenings.

       Nowadays there are different TV programmes you can choose: news, cartoons, documentaries, talk shows, sports programmes, music concerts, feature films and comedies. TV caters for any age and taste. Everybody can find something interesting and useful on TV.

       No doubt, TV has got its advantages and disadvantages. The pluses of TV are: -it informs people and bring real scenes of life; -it helps to relax; -it entertains people; -it gives information about the world, its people and global news. Minuses of TV include: -it takes a lot of time; -it makes us lazy; -it is very harmful for our eyes; -it shows a lot of violence and cruelty nowadays. By the way there is a lot of advertisement on TV too and many people hate it.

       Of course, watching TV is a wonderful pastime, but a lot of people become TV-addicted . Modern teenagers spend hours in front of the box and watches everything that is on. To my mind, we shouldn’t watch TV too long. We must try to choose only useful TV programmes.

№8     Michail Vasilyevich Lomonosov

        M.V.Lomonosov is one of the greatest scientists in Russia. He was born in 1711 in a village of Denisovka near Arkhangelsk. Lomonosov learnt to read and write through church books: Smirnitski’s Grammar and Magnitski’s Arithmetic are among them. In 1730 Lomonosov walked to Moscow and entered the Slavonic-Greek-Latin Academy. He was a bright student there and was sent to Germany to continue his education. After nine years of studying chemistry, maths, philosophy, physics, foreign languages he returned to Russia and became a professor. He became the greatest Russian scientist of that time. Lomonosov was a chemist, an astronomer, a geographer, a physicist, a historian, a painter and a poet. He was interested in humanities very much and made a lot for the development of the Russian literary language. By the way, V.G.Belinsky wrote: “Our literature begins with Lomonosov”. In 1755 Lomonosov founded the first Russian university in Moscow, he also was the first in Russia who made a telescope. M.V.Lomonosov died in 1765, but till nowadays the Russians remember and are proud of him and his achievements in science.

№16  Science and Technology

Nobody will argue that scientific and technological achievements have greatly changed people’s life.

        What is science? What is technology? Science studies the physical world, trying to answer “what and why” questions. Scientists try to give explanations. Technology often asks “how” questions and answers them. Technology is the use of science for practical purposes especially in industry.

 Today, science and technology are closely connected. On the one hand, many modern technologies such as nuclear power and space flights depend on science. And on the other hand, technology provides science with new instruments for its investigation and research.

The history of technology can be divided into several periods. They are: The Old Stone Age, The New Stone Age, The Bronze Age, The Iron Age, The Middle Ages, the period of Renaissance and the Industrial Revolution. A lot of tools and devices are still invented and improve people’s lives.

Nowadays we can’t imagine our life without TV sets, mobile phones, washing machines, cars, computers, microwaves and so on. Many people are proud of such scientists, inventors and discoverers as Ivan Pavlov, Dmitry Mendeleev, Alexander Popov, Galileo, Alexander Bell, Alexander Fleming, Albert Einstein. Their ideas really made our lives easier and better, they gave a rise to new great achievements in future.

Biology, medicine, linguistics, geography, astronomy, car making, shipbuilding, economics, photography, optics, chemistry, electronics, thanks to these sciences and technologies our world develops and prospers.

№4 Press

When we say “press” we mean newspapers & magazines.

There are various reasons why people buy periodicals: for horoscopes, to see what’s on TV, for sports reports, for the news & many other reasons. Whatever your interest, there is a magazine or a newspaper about it. There are periodicals for professionals, businessmen, children, teenagers, men & women, for sports fans, for those, who are fond of gardening, cookery and many other different things. You can always find a newspaper which meets your taste. By the way, there are periodicals with advertisement only and many people buy and read them.

There are two main kinds of newspapers: quality & popular papers. Quality papers are very thick, they publish articles on many serious subjects: Politics, Culture, Business … They give national & international news. Popular papers or tabloids publish sensational  news, readers’ letters, a lot of photographs, cartoons & drawings, they write about private lives of famous people.

The most popular foreign newspapers are: “The Times”, “The Daily Telegraph”, “The Independent” & “The Daily Mail” in the UK; among popular Russian press are: “Komsomolskaya Pravda”, “Argumenty I Facty”, “Izvestiya”, “Trud”, “Nauka I Zhizn”, “Cosmopolitan’.

Nowadays you can buy press everywhere, you can bring it in the library too. Many people prefer  subscribing to some magazines & newspapers. Besides there are many free local newspapers which are put into your letter boxes.

As far as I know, in the past a lot of people learnt about the news from the periodicals, but nowadays we get information from TV programmes or from the Internet. But still we can’t imagine our life without the printed page: magazines, newspapers, books.

№18  Being a teenager

The age between 14 and 17 is considered to be one of the best periods in people's life. Being young means romance, love, new discoveries & so on. But it is also the most difficult time because you have to make some very important decisions, which will influence your future life.

All grown-ups have got different problems, but teenage problems are special. Nowadays teens have to face various problems in modern society. Let’s mention the most important.

One of the worst teenage problems is schooling. A lot of homework, exams, lessons, tests is the reason of pupils’ strange and even aggressive behaviour. They have conflicts with teachers, parents and even their classmates and friends.

Drinking, smoking and taking drugs are common teens problems too. Young people become addicted to drugs, cigarettes, alcohol and commit different crimes.

        Some teens have bad habits because of problems in private life. It’s very difficult to find a boyfriend or girlfriend and get on well with them. It’s also difficult to make friends.

         Another typical problem for many teenagers is problem with their parents, so called “generation gap”. Very often there is misunderstanding between the old and the young, and as the result lots of quarrels in the family.

        Household chores, loneliness, lack of free time, shortage of pocket money, teen pregnancies, runaways from home… As you see, being a teenager is rather difficult, but this period of time also has got many bright and positive sides & some wonderful things can happen only when you’re young.