Презентация "Yellowstone National Park"
презентация к уроку по английскому языку (8, 9, 10, 11 класс) по теме

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Yellowstone National Park Spirit of America Reflected in U.S. Park System

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NATIONAL PRIDE, GLOBAL SIGNIFICANCE The Grand Canyon, in northern Arizona nearly 5,000 square kilometers Yosemite, in California's Sierra Nevada Mountains 3,120 square kilometers The Great Smoky Mountains, created in 1934 in parts of North Carolina and Tennessee 2,086 square kilometers The Everglades, in Florida 5,560 square kilometers Yellowstone, in the states of Montana and Wyoming 8,987 square kilometers

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Yellowstone, the world’s first national park preserves geologic wonders, including the world’s most extraordi­nary collection of geysers and hot springs and the underlying volcanic activity that sustains them; preserves abundant and diverse wildlife in one of the largest remaining intact wild ecosystems on Earth, supporting unparalleled biodiversity; provides for the benefit, enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this and future generations.

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HIGHLIGHTS OF YELLOWSTONE’S HISTORY People have been in Yellowstone more than 11,000 years, as evidenced by archeological sites, trails, and oral histories. Although Sheep Eaters are the most well-known group of Native Americans to use the park, many other tribes and bands lived in and traveled through what is now Yellowstone National Park prior to and after European American arrival. European Americans began exploring Yellowstone in the early 1800s. First organized expedition explored Yellowstone in 1870. Yellowstone National Park established in 1872. Nathaniel P. Langford - Yellowstone’s first superintendent (an unpaid position). The U.S. Army managed the park from 1886 through 1918.

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Soldiers pose with bison heads captured from poacher Ed Howell. When Howell returned to the park later that year, he was the first person arrested and punished under the new National Park Protection Act, passed in 1894.

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International symbol of natural preservation A Biosphere Reserve and a World Heritage Site Contains approximately half of the world’s hydrothermal features - more than 10,000 - including the world’s largest concentration of geysers—more than 300 Home of the world’s tallest active geyser, Steamboat, which erupts to more than 300 feet

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With the restoration of the gray wolf in 1995, the park now contains all the large mammal species known to be present when European Americans first arrived Protects the gray wolf (federally listed as endangered and designated experimental and non-essential in Yellowstone National Park) and three threatened species - the grizzly bear, the bald eagle, and the lynx Home to one of the largest concentrations of elk in the world Only place in the U.S. where bison have existed in the wild since primitive times. The early legislation that protected these bison, the Lacey Act of 1894, was a precursor to the Endangered Species Act

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Site of one of the largest volcanic eruptions in the world, which left behind one of the largest calderas Site of the spectacular Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone River Location of largest lake above 7,000 feet in North America—Yellowstone Lake Source of two great North American rivers: two of the three forks of the Missouri River, and the Snake, which is part of the Columbia River system. The Yellowstone River, which begins just south of the park, is the longest free-flowing river in the U.S.

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Park issues: Fire in Yellowstone Fires have always occurred periodically in the Yellowstone ecosystem Lightning starts an average of 22 fires each year Vegetation in this ecosystem is adapted to fire Controlling fires alters the dynamics of the ecosystem

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A Decade of Environmental Laws Beginning in the late 1960s, the U.S. Congress passed an unprecedented suite of laws to protect the environment. The laws described here particularly influence the management of our national parks. The National Environmental Policy Act, passed in 1970 , establishes a national policy “to promote efforts which will prevent or eliminate damage to the environment...stimulate the health and welfare of man…and enrich the understanding of ecological systems…” It requires detailed analysis of environmental impacts of any major federal action that significantly affects the quality of the human environment. Environmental assessments (EAs) and environmental impact statements (EISs) are written to detail these analyses and to provide forums for public involvement in management decisions. The Endangered Species Act (1973) requires federal agencies to protect species that are (or are likely to become) at risk of extinction throughout all or a significant part of their range. It prohibits any action that would jeopardize their continued existence or result in the destruction or modification of their habitat. The Clean Water Act (1972) is enacted to “restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Nation’s waters” by prohibiting the discharge of pollutants. The Clean Air Act (1970) mandates protection of air quality in all units of the National Park System; Yellowstone is classified as Class 1, the highest level of clean air protection.