УМП по организации практических занятий по дисциплине Иностранный (английский) язык
методическая разработка на тему

1. ГБПОУ САМАРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

2. «САМАРСКИЙ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЙ КОЛЛЕДЖ»

УЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКОЕ ПОСОБИЕ

по организации практических занятий по дисциплине

ОГСЭ.04 Иностранный (английский) язык

44.02.02 Преподавание в начальных классах

44.02.05 Коррекционная педагогика в начальном образовании

г.о. САМАРА, 2016

Печатается по решению

 научно-методического совета

 ГБПОУ Самарской области  

«Самарский социально-

 педагогический колледж»

Учебно-методическое пособие по организации практической работы по дисциплине ОГСЭ.04 «Иностранный (английский) язык»: учебно-методическое пособие для обучающихся по специальностям: 44.02.02 Преподавание в начальных классах, 44.02.05 Коррекционная педагогика в начальном образовании./Драгина К.Ю. – Самара, 2016. - 66с. - ___ экз.

Автор-составитель: Драгина К.Ю. преподаватель иностранного языка ГБПОУ Самарской области «Самарский социально-педагогический колледж»

Внутренняя рецензия -

Техническая и содержательная экспертиза– Семёнова Н.Г., методист ГБПОУ Самарской области «Самарский социально-педагогический колледж».

2. © ГБПОУ СО «ССПК», 2016

© Драгина К.Ю., 2016

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

I.        ПОЯСНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЗАПИСКА

Данное учебно-методическое пособие предназначено для обучающихся 3-4 курса следующих специальностей: 44.02.02 Преподавание в начальных классах, 44.02.05 Коррекционная педагогика в начальном образовании и содержит учебно-методические материалы для организации практический занятий по разделу «Профессиональная деятельность специалиста».

Цель данного пособия:  развитие у обучаемых навыков и умений самостоятельно читать оригинальную литературу, связанную с организацией и функционированием образовательных систем Великобритании и США, с педагогической деятельностью англоговорящих преподавателей, извлекать из этих текстов необходимую информацию в пределах проработанной тематики, делать сообщения на заданную тему, используя как общеупотребительную лексику, так и специальную педагогическую терминологию.

Методические пособие позволят студентам усвоить знания и освоить умения, требуемые Программой. В результате освоения учебной дисциплины обучающийся должен уметь:

- общаться (устно и письменно) на иностранном языке на профессиональные и повседневные темы;

- переводить (со словарем) иностранные тексты профессиональной направленности;

- самостоятельно совершенствовать устную и письменную речь, пополнять словарный запас.

В результате освоения учебной дисциплины обучающийся должен знать:

- лексический (1200-1400 лексических единиц) и грамматический минимум, необходимый для чтения и перевода (со словарем) иностранных текстов профессиональной направленности.

Изучение программного материала должно способствовать формированию у обучающихся профессиональных компетенций:

ПК 4.5. Участвовать в исследовательской и проектной деятельности в области начального образования.

       Формирование у обучающихся общих компетенций (ОК):

ОК 1. Понимать сущность и социальную значимость своей будущей профессии, проявлять к ней устойчивый интерес.

ОК 2. Организовывать собственную деятельность, определять методы решения профессиональных задач, оценивать их эффективность и качество.

ОК 4. Осуществлять поиск, анализ и оценку информации, необходимой для постановки и решения профессиональных задач, профессионального и личностного развития.

ОК 5. Использовать информационно-коммуникационные технологии для совершенствования профессиональной деятельности.

ОК 6. Работать в коллективе и команде, взаимодействовать с руководством, коллегами и социальными партнерами.

ОК 8.  Самостоятельно определять задачи профессионального и личностного развития, заниматься самообразованием.

ОК 11. Строить профессиональную деятельность с соблюдением правовых норм ее регулирующих.

Данное методическое пособие строиться на основе использования личностно-ориентированного подхода в преподавании, разноуровневого и проблемного обучения, игровых приемов и ИКТ технологий, проектно-исследовательских технологий.

Предлагаемое учебное пособие рассчитано на 76 часов аудиторной работы и включает в себя 8 модулей, содержащих дидактические материалы и задания для практических и самостоятельных занятий:

1. Жизнь в колледже (College Life);

2. На уроке (At the Lesson);

3. Профессия учителя (Teacher’s Profession);

4. Образование (Education);

5. Образование в России (Education In Russia);

6. Образование в Великобритании (Education In Britain);

7. Образование в США (Education in the USA);

8. Повторение (Revising).

Каждый модуль состоит из нескольких уроков (Units).

Урок начинается с профессионально ориентированного текста, направленного на актуализацию лексики данного занятия. Каждый урок включает задания на развитие всех видов речевой деятельности: аудирования, говорения, различных видов чтения (ознакомительного, поискового, с полным пониманием прочитанного) и письма. Основным материалом для аудиторной и последующей самостоятельной работы в каждом уроке является базовый текст, сопровождаемый рядом заданий и упражнений, активизирующих различные виды речевой деятельности, при этом, основное внимание уделено переводу.

Упражнения “Answer the questions”, приучают студента вдумчиво читать текст и способствуют развитию навыков устной речи. Упражнения типа “Give English (Russian) equivalents for the following”,способствуют закреплению полезных и употребительных слов и словосочетаний, вырабатывают у студента умение найти нужный эквивалент при переводе с русского языка на английский и наоборот. Упражнения “Grammar Focus” содержит дополнительный материал о правилах употреблениях рассмотренных в данной методической разработке грамматических единиц в английском языке. Во многих урока представлены упражнения-игры, чтобы еще раз отработать изученную лексику, но уже в игровой форме.

В конце урока обучающимся предлагается выполнить проектное задание (Project), рассчитанное на то, чтобы дать студенту возможность более широко использовать накопленный им лексический материал.

Для проведения некоторых аудиторных занятий необходимо использование технических средств обучения: магнитофон, проигрыватель компакт-дисков, телевизор, DVD-проигрыватель, проектор, ноутбук, экран.

Модули построены по принципу избыточности материала, так чтобы у преподавателя была возможность выбора задания и реализации принципа индивидуализации процесса обучения.

Раздел Vocabulary включает лексику, необходимую для изучения тем профессиональной направленности и может быть использована обучающимися при выполнении практический, самостоятельных и творческих работ по темам курса.

Условные обозначения:

  - задание повышенной сложности

  - задание для аудирования

 - работа с видеофайлом

- работа с интернетом

2. ТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЙ ПЛАН ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ПРАКТИЧЕСКИХ И САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНЫХ РАБОТ

CONTENTS

MODULE 1. COLLEGE LIFE

Unit 1. VOCABULARY WORK

1. Translate the words and phrases:

go to university / college

………………………………………

get a place at (Oxford)

………………………………………

read (= study) (Pedagogy)

………………………………………

go to lectures / seminars / tutorials

………………………………………

get a degree

……………………………………….

do a course in (Art)

……………………………………….

do (Music)

……………………………………….

undergraduate

……………………………………….

graduate

……………………………………….

postgraduate

……………………………………….

do research

……………………………………….

2. Read the sentences and translate them in written form.

A math teacher teaches math. His/Her students study math. After school, students do their homework.

In elementary school, children learn to read and write.

A university teacher/professor gives a lecture, and the students take notes.

Students take courses in colleges and schools. At the end of a course, you often have to take an exam. You hope to pass your exams. You don’t want to fail your exams.

If you complete your courses and pass the exams at a university, you get a degree.

3. Grammar focus. Choose verbs from exercise 2 to fill in the blanks below. Put the verbs in the correct form.

Carla did well in school. She always found it easy to (1) …learn…, and she always (2) ………        her homework. She (3) ……… all her exams.

Now she is in college, and she is (4) ……… biology. She is also(5) ……… a special chemistry course. Carla likes to sit in lectures, listen to the lecturer, and (6) ……… notes. She will (7) ……… her final exams next month. If she (8) ………, she will (9) ……… a degree in biology. If she (10) ………, she will be very sad. She would like to become a biology teacher. She would like to (11)………lectures.

4. At college students study a lot of different subjects. Put the letters in order and translate the subjects into Russian. Which are your favorite subjects? Which ones do you not like?

1. siHyro           ……History…
2. pyGgarho      ………………
3. sahtM            ………………
4. hisgEnL        ………………
5. goPagedy      ………………
6. toinforamnI  ………………

nolTechgyo  ………………

7. holgyPcsyo   ………………
8. ecSeinc         ………………
9. tAr                ………………
10. suMic         ………………
11. aturitLere   ………………
12. siPycalh      ………………

atiEdconu     ………………

5. Rewrite the sentences with subjects.

1. I like computers.    ... I like Information Technology…………………….
2. I like drawing and painting.  ……………………………………………..
3. I like learning about the past.   …………………………………………..
4. I like numbers.  ………………………………………………………….

6. Complete the timetable with the subjects from exercise 4.

1. Monday 9.00-9.45: the study of the methods and activities of teaching
2. Monday 9.45-10.30: the study of drawing and painting
3. Monday 10.30-11.15: the study of the past
4. Monday 11.15-12.00: the study of numbers, shapes, etc.
5. Tuesday 9.00-9.45: the study of the human mind and feelings
6. Tuesday 9.45-10.30: the study of sounds made by instruments or voices
7. Tuesday 10.30-11.15: the study of the use of computers for sending and storing information
8. Tuesday 11.15-12.00: doing exercise and learning to play sport
9. Wednesday 9.00-9.45: the study of countries, rivers, mountains, etc.
10. Wednesday 9.45-10.30: the study of books, plays, poems, etc.
11. Wednesday 10.30-11.15: using experiments for the study of the way things happen in the physical world
12. Wednesday 11.15-12.00: the study of the language people speak in Britain

7. Fill in your own timetable for today as in the example:

8. Fill in the correct word.

1. I could get a job as a secondary school ………. now, but I want to continue studying to become a university ……… .(teacher / lecturer)
2. History is my favorite ………, but today's ……… wasn't very interesting. (lesson / subject)
3. My primary school only has 300 …………        but there are over 5,000 ………… at my brother's university.(pupils/students)
4. Frank got good ………… in all of his school exams, so he was able to go to university to do a ………… .(grades /degree)
5. There will be no lectures during the last ………… of my history ………… as we are expected to study for exams then. (course / term)
6. I got an extra ………… for remembering the name of Napoleon's horse, so my final ………… for the test was 19 out of 20! (point / mark)
7. The ………… of the arts faculty used to be the ………… of a primary school. (dean / headmaster)
8. When I went to …………… I only saw my parents during the holidays, but now that I go to a ……………I see them every night.(day school / boarding school)
9. It is necessary to pay school fees in order to go to a ………… whereas a ………… is run by the state and is therefore free. (comprehensive school / private school)
10. My brother and sister go to a …………… but I go to a …………… where there are only girls. (co-educational school / single-sex school)

9. A. Write these words in the correct column.

a certificate      pedagogy      a degree      a diploma     secondary school         high-school      psychology      literature      primary school      university

2. Add more words. Use your dictionary.

10. Grammar focus Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous.

Hi Isabel,

I'm in the beautiful city of Oxford. I 1) ..am studying..(study) German and Russian at the university here. I 2) ………. (find) both languages interesting but German3) ………. (be) more difficult. All the other students on the course 4) ………. (feel) the same way, too. We 5) ………. (meet) once a week to discuss the lectures. This week, we 6) ………. (go) to the theatre in London to see a play.

I 7) ………. (stay) on the campus for the moment but a few of us 8) ………. (look) for a house to share. The food in the halls9) ………. (not/be) very good, so we usually 10) ………. (have) lunch at a restaurant nearby.

I hope to hear from you soon.

Take care.

Bill

11.  Game Can you find 16 hidden words in this word search? Words can go in the following directions: ▲►▼◄.

Unit 2. STUDYING AT COLLEGE/UNIVERSITY

1. Read the text “At my college”, p. 192-193. Do exercises  7-11, p. 196-197 (Golubev A.P. «Английский язык»)

2. Answer the questions about yourself:

1. Why did you enter this college?
2. How many departments are there in our college? What are they?
3.  What department do you study at?
4. Why did you choose this speciality?
5. What year are you in?
6. What group do you study at?
7. What is your group mistress?
8. What is your headgirl?

3. Complete the questions using the words in the box. Then answer them.

assessment        group        coursework        deportment        grade        homework        lessons       marks       revising        staff

1. How many students are there in your ..group…?                        ………………..
2. How many members of ………. are there at your                         ...……………..

college?                

3. What is the name of the head of your …………?                          ...……………..
4. How many …………do you have each day?                                 ...……………..
5. How many ………. did you get in your last                                  ...……………..

English test?                

OR

What was your ………. in your last English test?                         ...……………..

6. How long does it take you to do your ………….                          ...……………..

each night?                

7. Which do you prefer: exams, continuous ………..                       ...……………..

or a mixture of the two?                

8. Do you like to have music in the background when you              ...……………..

are ………. for an exam?                

9. Which are you better at: exams or         ……….?                               ...……………..

4. Grammar focus Think of the rules at your college. Use the Key Words to talk about what you can and can't do, and what you have to and don't have to do.

i.e.: We have to change our shoes when we come in.

Key Words

change your shoes, smoke, wear a uniform, kiss, eat during lessons, use notes during tests, play music during breaks, be late for lessons, go on class excursions, wear make-up, tie long hair, organize discos, wear jeans, listen to music during lessons

Discuss the rules with the class. How tolerant is your college?

5. Grammar Focus Complete the text with suitable modal verbs. There may be more than one answer.

Milton School. Exam Rules

1. You 1) … must… bring your student ID card with you to the examination.

You 2) ………… put it on your desk so that your teacher can see it.

2. You 3) …………         talk during the exam. When you finish your exam, you

4) ………… quietly leave the exam room.

3. You 5) .…………  use a calculator for the Mathematics section.
4. You 6) ………… be in the exam room at least 10 minutes before the

exam starts.

5. You 7) ………… turn off your mobile phone during the exam.
6. You 8) …………  take your books with you into the exam room.

6. Put the words and phrases in three columns.

test, quiz, written exam, finals, entrance exam, sit an exam, exam questions, computer-based exam, internet-based exam, take an exam, oral exam, pass an exam, exam board, pen and paper exam, fail an exam, exam results, study for an exam, exam papers, read for an exam, exam supervisor

7. A. Are exams fair or not? Tick the statements you agree with.

B. Write your own reason for being in favour of or against exams.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. Answer the questions.

1. What professions can you master in vocational colleges?
2. What is the main difference between vocational colleges and universities?

9. Read the text and check your guesses.

Contrary to popular belief, vocational colleges aren’t just for students who couldn't get into university. Students attend vocational colleges for a number of reasons, including getting some practical skills or experience before going to university. For many people it is a good two-year long alternative to longer higher education programs.

Whereas in universities the education concentrates more on theory and abstract knowledge, in vocational colleges the education usually prepares learners for careers that are traditionally non-academic. In other words, it is directly related to a specific occupation or vocation, and students develop expertise in a particular technique or learn some practical skills.

Till the end of the twentieth century, vocational education focused more on specific trades, such as automobile mechanics or welding, and was therefore associated with the activities of lower social classes. But the situation has changed. Now vocational education exists in industries such as retail, tourism, information technology and cosmetics.

 (Enjoy English 11)

10. Do research on the internet of a successful person who didn’t go straight to a university after school. Present the results of your research to the rest of the group.

MODULE 2. AT THE LESSON

Unit 1. FIRST LESSON

1. Before you start working at the text practice pronunciation of the following words. Transcribe them, guess the meaning. Read aloud.

2. Read the text.

ANNE MEETS HER CLASS

The children fixed their eyes upon Anne. Anne gazed back, feeling helpless.

Now, children,” began Miss Enderby firmly, “you are very, very lucky this term  to have Miss Lacey for your new teacher.”

Anne gave a watery smile. The children's faces were unmoved.

“Miss Lacey,” repeated Miss Enderby with emphasis.“Can you say that?”

“Miss Lacey,” chorused the class obediently.

“Perhaps you could say ‘Good morning’ to your new teacher?” suggested Miss Enderby in an imperative tone.

“Good morning. Miss Lacey,” came the polite chorus.

“Good morning, children,” responded Anne in a voice which bore no resemblance to her own.

Miss Enderby motioned to the children to take their seats. “I should give out paper and coloured pencils,” said Miss Enderby, “as soon as you've called the register. Keep them busy while you're finding your way about the cupboards and
so on.”

She gave a swift look round the class. “I expect you to help Miss Lacey in every way,” said the headmistress. “D'you hear me, Arnold?”

The little boy addressed, who had been crossing and uncrossing his eyes in an ugly manner for the enjoyment of his neighbours, looked suitably crest-fallen.

“If I were you, I should keep an eye on that boy,” murmured Miss Enderby. “Broken home — brother in Borstal —and some rather dreadful habits!”

Anne looked with fresh interest at Arnold and thought he looked quite different from what Miss Enderby said about him. Far too innocent and apple-cheeked to have such are cord. But even as she looked, she saw his pink face express his scorn of Miss Enderby who was giving her final messages to the new teacher.

“Break at ten forty-five, dear,” said the headmistress. “Come straight to the staff room. I will wait there till you join us. I will introduce you to those you didn't meet on your first visit. How do you like the idea of having a cup of tea then? We need rest after all. If there's anything that puzzles you, I shall be in my room. You can depend on me. Just send a message by one of the children.”

She made her way to the door and waited before it, eyebrows raised as she  turned her gaze upon the children. They gazed back in some bewilderment.

“Is no one going to remember his manners?” asked Miss Enderby.

With a nervous start Anne hastened forward to the door, but was waved back by a movement of her headmistress's hand. A dozen or more children made a rush to open the door. A freckled girl with two skinny red plaits was the first to drag open the door. She was rewarded by a smile.

“Thank you, dear, thank you," said Miss Enderby and sailed majestically into the corridor. There came a faint sigh of relief as the door closed behind her, and the forty-six tongues which had so far kept unnaturally silent began to wag cheerfully. Anne watched this change with some dismay. She remembered with sudden relief some advice given her at college in just such a situation.

“Stand quite still, be quite calm, and gradually the children will become conscious that you are waiting. Never, never attempt to shout them down.”

So Anne stood her ground waiting for the chattering to subside. But the noise grew in volume as conversations became more animated. One or two children ran across the room to see their distant friends. Two little boys attacked each other. A child with birthday cards was displaying their beauties to an admiring crowd round her desk. Arnold had removed his blue pullover and was attempting to pull his shirt over his head, in order to show his friends a scar on his shoulder-blade.

Amidst growing chaos Anne remained silent. She looked at the clock which jerked from one minute to the next and decided to let it leap once more before she abandoned hope.

One crumb of comfort, if comfort it could be called, remained with her. This was an outburst of natural high spirits. Her presence, she noted, meant nothing at all to them.

A chair fell over, someone yelped with pain, there was a burst of laughter, and Anne saw the clock jump to another minute. Anne advanced into action.

“To your desks!” she roared, "And quickly!”

With a pleasurable shock she saw her words obeyed. Within a minute order had returned. Refreshed by the break the children turned attentive eyes upon her.

Anne's self-esteem crept back.

(Практический курс английского языка.2 курс. Аракин В.Д.)

3. Answer the questions.

1. How was Anne introduced to her class? 2. What did she feel at that moment? What words does the author choose to describe her feelings? 3. What instructions did the headmistress give to the young teacher? What do you think, of them? 4. Why did Anne “look with fresh interest at Arnold”? Describe Arnold's appearance and behaviour. 5. How did the other children behave in Miss Enderby’s presence? (Find words describing their behaviour.) 6. Why do you think “there came a faint sigh of relief” after Miss Enderby left the classroom? Describe the children's behaviour after she left. 7. What advice given her at college did Anne remember? Did she follow the advice? What was the result? Why did the children behave like that? 8. How did Anne restore the order? Do you think it was the only way out? 9. Comment on the words: “Anne's self-esteem crept back”.

4. How do YOU usually behave at the lesson? What type of students are you? Do you like to attend lessons?

5. Read the text “Why do I have go to school?”

I don't understand why I have to go to school. Mom says that I need to leant things I’ll use in my professional life, but who cares? I don’t want to be a doctor or a lawyer...In fact my dream is becoming a great soccer player and play soccer in many countries around the world. Why would I need to go to school to do that? Well, I’ve been thinking... Maybe I'll need to learn some languages or I'll never be hired to play abroad. And if I become rich I’ll need to know some maths to deal with so much money... And I'll have to understand contracts. Some geography wouldn’t be bad alter all...You know what? Maybe Mom is right and if you want to be a doctor, a lawyer or a soccer player like me you’ll have to go to school and study hard. I’ve got to go now, I’ve just remembered I've got some homework to do and I don't want to risk my brilliant future. From now on. I’ll do my best to learn everything I can.

6. Mark true (T) or false (F). You'll explain when it's false.

1. The boy thinks a soccer player doesn't have to go to school. ( __ )
2. His mother agrees with him. ( __ )
3. He wants to be a lawyer or a doctor. ( __ )
4. He realizes he needs to learn some languages. ( __ )
5. He thinks geography won't be useful. ( __ )
6. Maths can  help him in the future. ( __ )
7. He doesn’t have homework to do. ( __ )
8. Now he thinks doing homework is important. ( __ )

7. Mark if you agree (A) or disagree (D) with the boy.

1. Soccer players don’t need to study. ( __ )
2. To work in other countries you have to know their language. ( __ )
3. Rich people need to know math to deal with business. ( __ )
4. Geography can help if you’re going to travel around the world. ( __ )
5. If you don’t do your homework you might risk your future. ( __ )
6. You should do your best to learn everything. ( __ )

8. Answer the questions:

1. Did you have some problems with motivation to learn at school?
2. How do you think knowledge received at school and at college will help you in the future?
3. What subjects do you think will be the less important for you in the future? Why?

9. Write an essay “My First Teaching Experience” (150-180 words). Describe your first lesson at school as a teacher.

Unit 2.UNUSUAL LESSONS

1. Read the title of the article. What do you think it is?

2. Read the text and complete the sentences. Use up to three words.

1. Students in Australia attend the School of the Air because their families live far……….. .
2. The children of this school have their lessons over  ………… .
3. The children belong to a class, but they study ………….. .
4. Each lesson lasts ………… .
5. Students send their homework …………. .
6. The teacher usually meets the students ……….. .

School of the Air

In Australia, many families live a long way from a town, so the nearest school is often very far away.

For this reason, many children attend a very different kind of school. It is called the School of the Air because the students have lessons over the radio.

Most areas have a school like this for children between 4 and 12 years old. They study at home, but they are still members of a class. The children have radio lessons with their class three times a week. Each lesson is about 30 minutes. Students also have a 10-minute private lesson with their teacher once a week.

The school provides the radio, books, videos and other resources. The children send their work to the teacher once a week. The teachers prepare the lessons and the children's parents help them to do their work at home. Teachers and students also communicate by phone, fax and email and the teacher visits children at home at least once a year.

The School of the Air may sound like a strange idea. For the isolated students of Australia it's the only way to learn.

(Upstream. Elementary)

3. Find information about a school in your country that is different from typical schools and write a short description of it. Write:

1. how the school is different from other schools
2. how many days a week/hours a day students attend
3. what subjects they study

4. Grammar focus. Rewrite the following passage in the passive.

Our school is organising a Science Fair. The headmaster will choose the best project. The teachers have asked students to do something about the environment. Students should include interesting experiments in their projects. The school will give the winners a set of Science books.

A Science Fair is being organized by the teachers of our school. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. A Game always makes a lesson unusual. It is “Word Hunt”. Students can either work individually, in pairs or in small groups.

A. Make a list of everything in the classroom. Who has the longest list?

B. Name at least two things in the classroom that:

1. are very expensive.
2. you can use to write with.
3. are small enough to fit in your pocket.
4. you would find it difficult to study without.
5. are brown.
6. are very heavy.
7. won’t work without electricity.
8. are made of glass.
9. cost less than a pound.

MODULE 3. TEACHER’S PROFESSION

If all the good people were clever,

And all clever people were good,

The world would be nicer than ever…

(Elizabeth Wordsworth)

Unit 1.CAREER PLANS

1. Answer the questions:

1. What are your career plans? What sort of job interests you?

I'd like to…………………………………………………………………………

2. What do your friends and family think about your choice?

…………………………………………………………………………………...

3. What interests do you have which make you suitable for this kind of work? …………………………………………………………………………………..
4. What experience do you have which makes you suitable for this kind of work? ……………………………………………………………………………
5. What kind of job would you least like to have? …………………………….
6. What jobs, if any, do you think should only be done by men/women? …………………………………………………………………………………..
7. What’s more important to you – earning lots of money or having a job you enjoy?

2. Jane Anderson has filled in this application for a new job. You have her answers. Can you finish the form? Use the words from the box.

Family name      Interests      Tel. no.      Education: schools attended

Signature      Marital status      Languages spoken      Previous experience

First names      Place of birth      Education: university/college      

Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms      Date available      Date      Present address        Children Driving licence       Present position     Date of birth        Present salary

3. Match these job characteristics with their definitions.

4. Look at the job advert and predict what kind of answer you expect for each gap (1-5). Listen and fill in the gaps.

SCIENCE TEACHER

Hollingsworth Secondary School, Colchester. 0) _Essex_.

Qualified teacher required to teach science to pupils from year 7 to l) ______. The school is well-known for its motivated pupils, highly-qualified staff and excellent 2) ______.

Permanent 3) ______ - time position. Available from September or 4) ______. 

For an application form and further details call 5) _______ 129458.

5. A. Which of the adjectives below can describe the job of a lawyer, writer, teacher, detective, programmer? Give reasons.

interesting • exciting • dangerous

stressful • boring • relaxing • difficult

demanding • tiring • rewarding

I think a _________'s job is interesting because they ____________.

B. Which qualities are necessary for each job?

intelligent • brave • physically fit • calm

reliable • friendly • patient • polite

creative • imaginative • skilful • caring

A _______ needs to be _______, _______ and ________.

5. Game Use the phrases below to tell your partner three facts about one of the jobs. Your partner has to guess the job.

travel a lot

work part-time

get good salaries

work outdoors

use a computer

work 9 to 5

start early in the morning

work shifts

work indoors

work long hours

wear a uniform

work with their hands

i.e. A:They usually work 9 to5. They use a computer. They don't work outdoors.

B: Are they secretaries?

6. Grammar focus Look at the list of jobs and write some more you would like to do. Complete the table with activities people have to/don’t have to do in these jobs.

In groups, order the jobs from 1-6 in order of preference. (1 = the best, 6 = the worst). Tell the other groups your reasons.

7. Read the text “Teacher’s profession”, p. 248. Do exercises  1-3, 8-10, p. 249-250  (Golubev A.P. «Английский язык»).

8. Read and translate the dialogue.

Jane: Hallo, Bob!

Bob: Hallo!

Jane: Oh, you've just left college, haven't you?

Bob: Yes.

Jane. What are you going to do?

Bob: Er... well, it looks like a choice between teaching or going into an office and... I think I'd much prefer to go in for teaching, because... well you get long holidays.

Jane: But, Bob, wouldn't you get bored with the same routine year after year teaching... teaching the same material to the children. And...a sense of responsibility you need — all those children, all those parents.

Bob: Oh, look, it wouldn't be as boring as... as working in an office. Teaching is terribly stimulating. It’s ... new every day — I'm sure I'd enjoy it.

Jane: But I mean, there’s so much variety in office work! Look at my job: I’m dealing with people and their problems, there're new situations to cope with all the time.

Bob: Yes, that’s quite true, but I think there's a number of differences between teaching and office work and, well, I think I’ll go in for teaching because... it really attracts me.

(Практический курс английского языка. 2 курс. Аракин)

9. Grammar Focus Put the verbs in brackets into the correct infinitive or –ing form.

Georgia wants 1) __________ (become) a teacher. She is a very good student who likes to spend time 2) _________ (read) interesting books. During summer, she prefers 3) __________ (work) at a camp. She enjoys 4) _________ (plan) fun activities for the children. She is looking forward to 5) __________ (get) her diploma next year. She can’t wait 6) __________ (start) teaching.

10. Imagine you have worked in your chosen job for a year. You're talking to some students who are thinking of doing the same job as you. Answer their questions.

1. What qualifications do you  need? …………………………………………..
2. How old do you need to be? …………………………………………………
3. What sort of a person do you need to be? ……………………………………
4. What about training? …………………………………………………………
5. What are the hours? …………………………………………………….…….
6. What's the money like? ………………………………………………………
7. What's the best bit about the job? ……………………………………………
8. What's the worst bit? …………………………………………………………

11. Project Imagine you are producing a poster to help local students choose a career. Write a short description of five jobs. Add pictures and titles. Present your leaflet to the group.

Before you start writing, brainstorm for ideas. Write down everything that comes to mind. This will help you decide what you are going to write about.

Unit 2. A GOOD TEACHER

1. Answer the questions:

1. What means to be a good teacher?
2. Have you met such teachers? Who are they?

2. Read and translate the poem written by Dorothy Law Nolte “Children Learn What They Live”. Do you agree with the author?

If a child lives with criticism,

He learns to condemn.

If a child lives with hostility,

He learns to fight.

If a child lives with ridicule,

He learns to be shy.

If a child lives with shame,

He learns to feel guilty.

If a child lives with tolerance,

He learns to be patient.

If а child lives with encouragement,

He learns confidence.

If a child lives with praise,

He learns to appreciate.

If a child lives with fairness,

He learns justice.

If a child lives with security,

He learns to have faith,

If a child lives with approval,

He learns to like himself.

If a child lives with acceptance and friendship,

He learns to find love in the world.

3. A. Look at the list of qualities below. Which, in your opinion, are the most important ones needed to be a good teacher? Listen to the tape and tick (✓) the ones which are mentioned.

A good teacher should:

1. speak clearly                
2. establish a friendly relationship with students
3. have a lot of confidence in front of large groups
4. understand students' individual needs
5. encourage students to be creative        
6. keep tight control of a group of students
7. give students a lot of praise and support
8. attend refresher courses regularly
9. spend time preparing lessons thoroughly
10. punish students who don't work hard enough

B. Which qualities do you think a good teacher should have? Write sentences as in the example.

e.g. I strongly believe that a good teacher should be able to understand students' individual needs.

4. Read the text.

WHAT'S YOUR LINE?

School! Lessons, games, clubs, homework. A bell rings. You go to a classroom. A bell rings. You have lunch. A bell rings. You go home.

But one day you go to school for the last time. What to do after that? You realize that the time to choose one job out of the hundreds has come. It's going to be a hard choice and nobody can make it for you.

Before you can choose, you ask yourself quite a lot of questions. What do you know you are good at? What do you enjoy doing? Perhaps you enjoy working with your hands. Or you may prefer using your head – your brains. Are you interested in machines? Or do you like meeting people? It's difficult to know all the answers to these questions until you have left school and actually begun work.

Many young people consider teaching as a career, it's not surprising: after your parents your teacher may be the most important person in your life. With all the teachers you meet, you think there isn't anything you don't know about the work. That's where you are wrong, since only those who are in it can appreciate it. Have you ever asked yourself why most teachers are so devoted to their work and privately think, though they may not like to admit it openly, that they serve humanity doing the most vital job of all? Those of us who spend our days in schools know how rewarding the job is. At the same time it is not easy and a real challenge to your character, abilities and talent, as teaching is a constant stream of decisions.

Children in your classroom aren’t just boys and girls. Every one is a unique individual who has never been before and will never again exist. If you like people, you will love teaching. To be a good teacher you must be genuinely interested in what you are doing.

The most important things in the world are awareness and learning – wanting to know every day of your life more and more and more. Because every time you learn something new you become something new. An ignorant teacher teaches ignorance, a fearful teacher teaches fear, a bored teacher teaches boredom. But a good teacher catalyzes in his pupils the burning desire to know and love for the truth and beauty.

John Steinbeck, writing about his school days said, “I’ve come to believe that a great teacher is a great artist and you know how few great artists there are in the world. Teaching might even be the greatest of the arts since its medium is the human mind and the human spirit.” What an incredible responsibility to be the guardians of the human spirit and the human mind! I think, that is the reason why humanity has the deepest respect for teachers.

I would never stop teaching and I'm sure that you, having chosen it for your career, feel the same way. If you don't feel that way then, please, for all our sakes, get out! The human mind and the human spirit are too wondrous to destroy. But if you are prepared to accept the responsibility, I wish you all the luck in the world.

(Практический курс английского языка. 2 курс. Аракин)

5. Grammar focus Fill in: who, whose, which or where.

My school, 1) ..which.. is called King Edward's, has about 2,000 students. My favourite teacher, 2) ……….. is called Mr. Brown, teaches sport. The sports centre, 3) ………… I play basketball and tennis, is the largest in the area. I walk to school every day with my friend Mike, 4) …………. father teaches History. 

6. Grammar focus Mrs. Potter is the new music teacher at Braxton Academy. Look at the ideas and say what she is going to do as in the example:

1. offer new courses like Electronic Music and Songwriting

She is going to offer new course like Electronic Music and Songwriting. ………

2. invite musicians to play for her students

................................................................................................................................

3. take the students to see the London Symphony Orchestra

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. organise a concert at the end of the school year

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

MODULE 4. EDUCATION

Unit. 1 THE WORLD OF LEARNING

When I hear, I forget.
When I see, I remember.
When I do, I understand.

Chinese proverb

1. Answer the questions.

1. What is “education”?
2. Where can we get education?
3. If you had a chance, would you go to study abroad?
4. Do you agree that “Learning is a Treasure that will follow us everywhere”?

2. Put these places of education in order from 1-4. Start with the one you go to first.

primary school  □       university  □      nursery school  □       secondary school  □

3. Listen to the dialogue and fill in the gaps.

• Daddy, when were you born?
• I was born in 1947, in Greenwich.
• What school did you go to?
• First, I went to a 1) _______ school in a small village with only fifty other 2) _________.
• And then?
• Later, my parents and I moved to London where I started 3) _________ school.
• How much can you remember from that time? How many 4) ________ did you study at secondary school?
• A lot of subjects: maths, 5) ________, history, geography...
• And what was your favourite subject?
• PE, of course.
• How many 6) _________ did you have every day?
• I don't remember exactly, perhaps six or seven...
• Was your school a state school or a 7) ________ school?
• My parents couldn't afford to send me to a public school, so I had to go to a 8) ________ school.
• When did you leave school?
• At the age of 18 I decided to go to 9) _________ and study medicine, as you know.
• Did you like university?
• Well, we had to know every bone in a person's body, but generally it was all right. And what about your future, Mary?
• I want to go to university and study medicine just like you, dad.
• I'm very proud of you but now I think you should finish your 10) _________, don’t you?

4. Put the words in the box into the correct group.

college    exam    homework    lecture    lesson   mark   nursery school    term    

primary school    pupil    secondary school    student    teacher    university

5.  Match the words from places and study periods in ex. 4 with the definitions.

1.  a place of education for children aged 3 to 5                              
2.  a place of education for children aged 5 to 11                            
3. a place of education for children aged 11 to 16 or 18
4. a place of education for advanced studies, especially in practical subjects
5. a place of education for studies at the highest level
6. a short period of study at a school
7. a period of study at a college or university when one teacher talks to a large group of students
8. one of the periods of time a year of education is divided into

6. Complete the sentences with words from people and work in ex.4 which mean the same as the words in brackets.

1. (children) In this school there are 25 …………… in each class.
2. (person who studies) I’m a …………… at York University.
3. (person whose job is to teach) When I’m older, I’d like to be a …………… .
4. (work my teacher asks me to do at home) I’ve got too much …………… .
5. (letter or number a teacher gives to a piece of work) What ……………        did you get? I got a B.
6. (test to see how much you know) I’ve got an …………… tomorrow.

You will hear a radio program about education. For questions 1-7, decide which of the choices A, B or C the correct answer is.

7. Read the text, try to focus on its essential facts, and choose the most suitable heading below for each paragraph.

1) What is Education?    2) Formal Education    3) Informal Education  

4) Different Kinds of Formal Education

Informal and Formal Education

Education includes different kinds of learning experiences. In its broadest sense, we consider education to be the ways in which people learn skills, gain knowledge and understanding about the world and about themselves. One useful scheme for discussing education is to divide these ways of learning into two types: informal and formal.

Informal education involves people in learning during their daily life. For example, children learn their language simply by hearing and by trying to speak themselves. In the same informal manner, they learn to dress themselves, to eat with good manners, to ride a bicycle, or to make a telephone call. Education is also informal when people try to get information or to learn skills on their own initiative without a teacher. To do so, they may visit a book shop, library or museum. They may watch a television show, look at a videotape, or listen to a radio programmed. They do not have to pass tests or exams.

We consider formal education to be the instruction given at different kinds of schools, colleges, universities. In most countries, people enter a system of formal education during their early childhood. In this type of education, the people, who are in charge of education, decide what to teach. Then learners study those things with the teachers at the head. Teachers expect learners to come to school regularly and on time, to work at about the same speed as their classmates, and to pass tests and exams. Learners have to pass the exams to show how well they have progressed in their learning. At the end of their learning, learners may earn a diploma, a certificate, or a degree as a mark of their success over the years.

The school system of all modern nations provides both general and vocational education. Most countries also offer special education programs for gifted or for physically or mentally handicapped children. Adult education programs are provided for people who wish to take up their education after leaving school. Most countries spend a large amount of time and money for formal education of their citizens.

(Английский язык для ВУЗов)

8. Read and give a summary of the text

General and Vocational Education

General education aims at producing intelligent, responsible, well-informed citizens. It is designed to transmit a common cultural heritage rather than to develop trained specialists.

Almost all elementary education is general education. In every country primary school pupils are taught skills they will use throughout their life, such as reading, writing, and arithmetic. They also receive instruction in different subjects, including geography, history, etc. In most countries almost all young people continue their general education in secondary schools.

The aim of vocational education is primarily to prepare the students for a job. Some secondary schools specialize in vocational programs. Technical schools are vocational secondary schools, where students are taught more technical subjects, such as carpentry, metalwork, and electronics. Technical school students are required to take some general education courses and vocational training. Universities and separate professional schools prepare students for careers in such fields as agriculture, architecture, business, engineering, law, medicine, music, teaching, etc.

(Английский язык для СПО)

9. Find in the texts English equivalents for these words and word combinations.

В широком смысле, обучаются навыкам, получают знания, полезная схема, пути (способы) обучения, официальный, неофициальный, повседневная жизнь, слушая, стараясь, по их собственной инициативе,  сдавать экзамены, в большинстве стран, раннее детство, кто отвечает (в ответственности), во главе, вовремя, с приблизительно одинаковой скоростью, одноклассники, должны сдавать экзамены, степень, оценка их успеха, одаренные дети, дети с физическими или умственными недостатками, обучение для взрослых, продолжить после окончания школы, большое количество денег, граждане, общее образование, профессиональное образование, ставит целью, умный, ответственный, хорошо информированный, передавать общее культурное наследство,  подготовленные специалисты, начальное образование, на протяжении всей жизни, средние школы, профессиональные программы, профессиональная подготовка.

10.  Find in the texts the words which have the similar meanings as the following words

to contain, to believe, the means, to study, to get, a kind, to talk, data, various, to be responsible for, a diploma, to want, to continue

11. Find in the text the words which have the opposite meanings to the following words

informal, narrow, bad, different, the beginning, old, to give up, small, before

12. Read, translate the sentences, change the words in italics into the words with similar and opposite meanings

1. This road is rather broad. 2. They study different subjects. 3. They want to continue their education. 4. The children are eating with good manners. 5. They are reading the text at the beginning of the lesson.

13. Grammar focus Read the jokes below. See how the verbs learn and study are used in the context. Consult a dictionary and find out the difference in their meaning and usage. Retell the jokes in indirect speech.

1. A young teacher just beginning his career asks advice of an older member of the faculty: “What have you learned in your years of experience?

“I've learned one thing. Often you will find while you are giving a lesson in class that there is one young upstart who always disagrees with you. Tell me, would you stop him and try to make him shut up right then and there?”

“I suppose I would.”

“Well, don't. He's probably the only one who is listening to you.”

2. A high-school girl seated next to a famous astronomer at a dinner party struck up a conversation asking, “What do you do in life?”

He replied, “I study astronomy.”

“Dear me,” said the young miss, “I finished astronomy last year.”

14. Translate the sentences using the words learn and study in their different meanings:

1. В молодости он изучал химию в университете. 2. Дети легко учат иностранные языки. 3. Я очень огорчился, когда узнал, что не сдал экзамен. 4. Весь вечер он занимался в своей комнате. 5. Изучите эту информацию очень внимательно: она поможет вам сделать правильный выбор. 6 Моя сестра учится, чтобы стать юристом. 7. К сожалению, он так и не научился читать и писать. 8. Вам еще предстоит научиться, как справляться с трудными проблемами на уроках.

15.  Match the types of schools (1-6) to the descriptions (A-F). Which are the most common/uncommon in our country? What type of school did you go to?

1. boarding school        
2. single sex school
3. co-educational         school
4. specialist school
5. state school
6. private school

1. A school for boys and girls.
2. A school you usually have to pay to go to.
3. A school students go to for a particular reason (e.g. to become actors).
4. A school for only boys or only girls.
5. A school owned by the government.
6. A school which students live in during school term.

16.  Read the following statements. Which ones were true for your school? Which ones are true for your college?

Students wear a uniform.

There are lots of rules.

Facilities and equipment are good (e.g. libraries, science labs, sports equipment).

The teachers are strict.

Students are motivated.

There is a selection of unusual subjects to choose from.

Students sit a lot of exams.

Most students take part in extra-curricular activities (e.g. drama, sports).

Students get a lot of homework.

Most students live nearby.

What would you like to change? Why? Discuss.

i.e. I liked wearing a school uniform./ I don't like wearing a uniform. I'd rather wear something more fashionable…

Unit 2. AROUND THE WORLD

Education is a movement

from darkness to light.

(Allan Bloom)

1. Read the text and label the paragraphs (A-E) with the headings below. One heading does not match. What is the main idea of each paragraph?

1) To and From School

2) School Rules

3) Education or No Education

4) Schools of Every Shape and Size

5) Studying Hours

6) Home Schooling

Schools around the world

A □

There are many types of schools in the world. Some are expensive, private boarding schools. Like Rugby School in England where the game of rugby was invented! There are also some specialist schools, like drama schools, dance schools or the 40 acrobatic schools in Wuqiao, China. It might sound like fun, but, as 13-year-old Zhang Li explains, “Our training starts at 5:30 a.m. It's very hard, but these skills will help me earn a living when I leave.” There are also a wide range of school subjects at different schools. At Holden High School in the USA subjects include comic book art, photography, song writing and yoga.

B □

At a school in the Annapurna mountains in Nepal, classes don't start until 10 a.m. because a lot of students have to walk for about an hour to get there. In Japan, it isn't unusual for students to spend two hours or more getting to school on public transport. “It's not so bad.” says 15-year-old Keiko from Tokyo. “I sometimes sleep or study on the train, and it's a great way to catch up with my friends”.

C □

The average school day in the UK and the US is 6.5 hours for high school students. Students in Korea and Greece, however, are not so lucky! After school they attend extra classes in private schools. “On a typical day.” says Jie Kim from Seoul, South Korea. “I don't get home until midnight, but if I don't study hard, I won't get into a good university."

D □

All schools have rules, but sometimes they are really strict. At Eton College, a very famous boys’ boarding school in England, the students have a smart but very old-fashioned uniform with a long jacket, trousers and shirt. In Japan, everyone has to participate in ‘o soji’, or the cleaning of the school, before they go home, whereas at Summerhill School in England, it's the students who make the rues!

E □

So, is your school better or worse than schools in other parts of the world? No matter what your answer is, we shouldn't forget that 300 million children in the world don't have any schools to go to. So even if you'd like to change some things about your school, you really are one of the lucky ones!

(Spotlight 10)

2. Write a short article about the school you studied at (60-80 words). Write: type of school and classes, how students get there, hours, rules.

3. Nowadays the necessity of studying abroad has become an emerging trend among the youth. However, every coin has two sides and so does going abroad to study. It has countless advantages as well as disadvantages that should be taken into consideration. Think for 1 minute and make a list of 3 advantages and 3 disadvantages of being an exchange student.

Exchange the ideas with your partner. Add to your list the ideas you agree with.

4. Look through the new list. Tick the ideas that have not been mentioned yet. Are they advantages or disadvantages of being an exchange student? Explain why you think so.

1. Making new friends
2. Exploring and understanding new cultures
3. Experiencing culture shock
4. Eliminating fear and prejudice among nations
5. Getting career advantage
6. Having a communication barrier
7. Developing as a person
8. Improving your language skills
9. Having new educational experience
10. Feeling homesick
11. Gaining self-confidence
12. Speaking a foreign language all day long
13. Living independently
14. Creating a long-lasting relationship with a host family

5. Read the letter and answer the questions.

1. What is the letter about?
2. Are the children that Mrs. Myles met receiving a good education? Why/why not?
3. Do you know places in our country where children have also difficulties with receiving complete secondary education?
4. Could you go to teach in a very distant district if you knew that there was no teacher there?

Sao Sebastia о de Jacara, Brazil

20th April

To all the pupils and teachers at Mill House Secondary School,

Greetings from Brazil! I've been here for just а wееk, but already I have so much to share with you about the children and teachers I've met here!

Sadly, conditions at the village school here are much worse than I expected. For example, there are pupils here from 7 to 11 years old, and there is only one teacher, Mrs. Da Silva, and she teaches them all at the same time. For this reason, they only go to school for four hours a day. Mrs. Da Silva tries really hard and she is so busy that it's impossible for her to give everyone the help they need. She is also not very well- paid and gets no support.

What is more, if the children want to continue school after Year 4, then they have to go and live in Porto De Moz, the town where the nearest large school is. Unfortunately, though, this means that they have to stay with another family and get a job to pay for their rent and food because it is quite far away. An 11-year-old student called Eliane told me that's what his brothers and sister do and he only sees them twice a year when they come home for the holidays. He wants to finish school, but he doesn't want to leave his family. He wouldn't have to make this tough decision if his school had more teachers.

Did you know Brazil is not the only country that needs more teachers? Over 15 million teachers are needed around the world so that children can go to school and get an education. I think we should do something to help. We could write a letter to the Prime Minister or we could organise some sponsored events to raise money. Why don't you all think of some ideas and when I come back we can put them into action?

See you all in a couple of weeks!

Regards,

Ann Myles

(Spotlight 10)

6. A. Look at the following statements. Do you agree with them? Why? Discuss.

All children in the world should be able to go to school.

Classes should not have more than 30 children.

Teachers do a very difficult job and should be paid well.

All children should expect to be helped when they have difficulties in school.

All children should have the right to a free education.

B. Use your ideas and write an essay “All children should receive a good and free education”

7. Game Unscramble each of the clue words. Copy the letters in the numbered cells to the other sells with the same number. 

MODULE 5. EDUCATION IN RUSSIA

Unit 1. EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM

1. Read text 1, p. 241 (Golubev A.P., Английский язык). Do exercises 1-11, p. 242-243

2. Read and translate in writing some facts about education system in Russia.

• Russia has one of the best mass-education systems in the world, producing a literacy rate of 99% (higher than most Western European countries). The system consists of obligatory basic education and higher education.
• Education in Russia is regulated by the Ministry of Education and Science.
• Education in Russia is compulsory for children between the ages of 6 and 15. It consists of Primary General School (4 years in length from age 6 to 10), followed by Basic General Secondary School (5 years in length, from age 10 to 15).
• At 15 years old, children may choose to enter a vocational school (non-university level, 3-4 years in length, from age 15 to 18-19). These typically offer programmes of academic subjects and a programme of training in a chosen field. Such institutions used to be called technikum, uchilishe or college.
• If a pupil of secondary school wishes to go on in higher education, he or she must complete Secondary (Complete) General School (Upper – Secondary School, 2 years in length, from age 15 to 17).
• In 2003 the Ministry of Education launched the Unified state examination (USE) programme, the set of standardised tests for high school graduates.
• Primary and secondary school includes 11 years of study. Every school has a core curriculum of academic subjects. After completing this stage, pupils are awarded the Attestat o Srednem (Polnom) Obshchem Obrazovanii (Certificate of Secondary Complete General Education).

3. Read the text.

Higher education

After finishing secondary school, students can go on to higher education. All applicants must take a competitive exam. Most higher education programmes in Russia offer 5 years of study for undergraduates in a variety of fields.

There are several types of higher education institutions. These are Universitet (University), Academia (Academy), Institut (Institute), TechnicheskiyUniversitet (Technical University), and Konservatoria (Conservatory).

Universities, academies and institutes have similar functions. Technical universities offer specialized instruction such as learning a skill, and conservatories offer lessons in music.

In public institutions students must pass competitive exams to be admitted. Those few who achieve outstanding results are awarded scholarships.

The academic year at universities also starts on September 1 and usually consists of 42 educational weeks and 10 weeks of holidays. It is divided into two terms (semesters). The first one (autumn semester) runs from September 1 to January 24/25 (21 weeks, including a 3- to 5-week winter exams session at the end) followed by a two-week holiday. Coincidentally January 25 is also Tatiana Day, traditionally celebrated as Russian Students Day. The second one (spring semester) runs from February 9 to June 30 or July 4/5 (21 weeks, including a 3- to 5-week summer exams session) followed by an eight-week summer holiday. Some Russian universities do not use a traditional scheme: they exclude exams sessions, and the academic year is divided in a 2:3 ratio of 17 educational weeks (followed by a two-week holiday) and 25 educational weeks (followed by an eight-week summer holiday).

Higher education is within the Ministry of Education and Science’s jurisdiction. Higher education is provided by state and non-state accredited higher education institutions.

Higher education in Russia is divided into four levels:

1) Incomplete higher education (2 years at least) leading to the Diplom O Nepolnom Vysshem Obrazivanii (Diploma of Incomplete Higher Education). This Diplom gives students the right to get jobs that require some training but not a degree.

2) 4-year programs leading to the Bakalavr degree. The Bakalavr degree is awarded after defending a Diploma project prepared under the guidance of a supervisor and sitting for final exams.

3) Postgraduate studies of 1-2 years duration leading to the Specialist Diploma or the Magistr degree.

The Magistr degree is awarded after successful completion of two years of full-time studies and requires preparation and defense of thesis and final examination.

The Specialist Diploma can be earned by either 1) completing at least 1 year of study after the Bakalavr or 2) five to six years of continuous study beyond the Attestat o Srednem (Polnom) Obschchem Obrasovanii (Certificate of School Complete General Education, School Leaving Certificate). The Specialist Diploma is a professional qualification and allows its holder to enter professional practice in their field or seek admission to doctoral programs. In addition to coursework, the Specialist Diploma requires preparation and defense of thesis and final examinations.

4) Scientific degrees (Aspirantura programs) of Kandidat Nauk (Candidate of Science) which lasts 3 years and requires the Specialist Diploma / Magistr degree for admission; second highest level (Doktorantura progam) leading to Doktor Nauk (Doctor of Science) follows the Kandidat Nauk and does not have a fixed program duration (ranges from 5 to 15 years).

4. Read the text and match the English equivalents in italics with the Russian words and word combinations:

аккредитованный, в различных областях, выпускные экзамены, высшее образование, государственные учреждения, диссертация, защита дипломного проекта, изучение навыков, конкурсный экзамен, Министерство образования и науки, после окончания, обучение (подготовка), профессиональная практика, семестр,  степень, стипендия,  учебные недели, учебный год, экзаменационная сессия.

Unit 2. RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES

1. Read the text and answer the questions.

1. What have you learnt about Russian educational tradition?
2. How did Novgorod University get its name?
3. Would you like to study at this university? Why? / Why not?
4. What should you know about a university to be able to mаkе the right choice?

It is not a coincidence that Novgorod University has Prince Yaroslav's name. In the year of 1030, Yaroslav the Wise came to Novgorod the Great to teach reading and writing to the children of religious and senior officials. It is a well-known fact that education was of vital importance in the Novgorod system of spiritual values in the 11th century. Indeed, the existence of schools in medieval Novgorod can be traced in birch bark letters and chronicles. As time passed, not only were schools established but also theological seminaries, gymnasiums, and libraries. That is why Academician Yanin, the famous investigator of ancient Novgorod called it “the cradle of Russian education”. Thus, the Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University became the successor to what was considered one of the oldest educational traditions in Russia.

On the eve of the university’s first anniversary, Prince Yaroslav the Wise's personal seal was discovered during some archaeological excavations. Academician Yanin considered it a remarkable coincidence and suggested awarding the university the name of the Russian prince.

2. Do research on the internet about a university where you plan to continue your education. Find out:

1. the university’s name and  location
2. the courses that are taught there
3. the degrees you can get
4. its structure: departments, faculties, etc
5. the facilities available: laboratories, research centres, libraries, computer centres, etc
6. the university’s history
7. the number of students, professors, tutors
8. the projects the university is part of
9. the quality of the education, the university rating in Russia or worldwide
10. any famous alumni

3. Use the information you got in exercise 2 and make a presentation with  a description and illustrations.

MODULE 6. EDUCATION IN BRITAIN

Unit 1.THE STORY OF ENGLISH SCHOOLS

1. Read the text about first English schools. Translate the underlined words into Russian.

The first English schools were founded by the Church in the sixth century, to train boys for the priesthood, and the Church was to retain a virtual monopoly of education for many centuries. During the Middle Ages most of the schools that existed were attached to cathedrals, monasteries or collegiate churches, though they were sometimes supplemented by establishments founded and endowed by rich burgesses for the education of their sons. The state played virtually no part in education. Although individual monarchs could follow the example of Alfred the Great and establish particular institutions, as Henry VI did in the case of Eton, the state accepted no responsibility for either organising or financing any educational system. During Tudor times a number of schools were established; Edward VI founded some dozen schools, still known as King Edward VI Grammar Schools, while a number of others opened their doors in Elizabeth I’s reign.

Education was the prerogative of the rich. Although scholarships existed for ‘poor and needy’ boys who showed an aptitude for learning, there were not nearly enough of them to provide places for all those having this qualification. If a child did not attend school he might pick up the rudiments of reading and writing from a parent, relative or neighbour, but in many cases people were illiterate for life. A number of the giants of the Industrial Revolution had received little or no formal education; James Brindley, the great canal engineer, taught himself to write in order to be able to keep his notebooks up to date, while the older Stephenson, of ‘Rocket’ fame, was illiterate to manhood.

During the late eighteenth century a considerable number of ‘industrial schools’ and ‘Sunday schools’ were established by industrialists and philanthropists. These institutions were intended to provide a basic education for the working class, or at least what their founders considered to be a basic education. The men who set up these schools were not particularly concerned about training future Brindleys and Stephensons to read plans and technical works; they were more anxious to ensure that their workers could read the Bible. Thus the main emphasis was to provide a man or child with enough reading knowledge to stumble through the scriptures, while arithmetic, writing and other potentially dangerous subjects were practically ignored. One of the great problems of these early schools was a shortage of trained teachers, for frequently parents as well as children crowded into the classrooms.

At the beginning of the nineteenth century such elementary schools as existed were financed either by private individuals or the churches. Local authorities were empowered to make grants towards education from the rates if they saw fit to do so, but by no means all of them did. The Church of England no longer had the monopoly of education it had enjoyed in earlier times, and frequently found itself in conflict with non-conformists over which church should have the right to provide education in a particular area. At times the issue became so heated, and the opponents so involved in questions of principle, that the children were completely forgotten and remained uneducated.

Источник: English for teachers.А.Ф.Артемова, О.А.Леонович

Essential Vocabulary

to be founded = быть основанным, учрежденным

to retain a monopoly = сохранять монополию

to be supplemented = быть дополненным

to be endowed = быть обеспеченным (постоянным) доходом, существовать на благотворительные средства (поступающие от пожертвований, завещаний и т.п.)

to play no part = не играть роли

to follow the example of = следовать примеру

to show an aptitude for = проявлять склонность к ч-л.

to provide places for = предоставлять места

to pick up the rudiments of = овладевать основами ч-л.

to receive little education = получать недостаточное образование

to keep his notebooks up to date = вести регулярные записи

to be established = быть созданным, основанным

to set up schools = основывать школы

to provide a man with enough knowledge = дать человеку достаточно знаний

to be financed by = финансироваться кем-л.

to enjoy the monopoly = обладать монополией

2. Match the words with the definitions.

3. Complete the sentences using the words from exercise 2.

1. __________ something new doesn't mean you have to go back to school.
2. Agatha Christy _________ her early schooling at home.
3. I’m sure he has a college __________ .
4. In many countries the majority of people are ________; not having the money to get education themselves or to give their children any.
5. She won a _________ .
6. She won a __________ to study abroad.
7. The project was __________ by the city council.
8. They __________ a meeting between the teachers and students.

4. Use English explanatory dictionaries to study the meaning of the following vocabulary items: institution, school, to educate, to train

1. Write out common collocations with the items.
2. Find derivatives formed from to educate, to train.

5. Answer the following questions using the words from the text.

1. When were the first English schools founded?
2. Where could one find most of schools during the Middle Ages?
3. Did the state play any part in education?
4. What do you know about Alfred the Great?
5. What is Eton? Do you know any other names of similar institutions?
6. What is meant by ‘Tudor times’?
7. When did the Industrial Revolution take place in England?
8. Why were there so many canals built in England during the Industrial Revolution?
9. Explain ‘an industrial school’ and ‘a Sunday school’.
10. What is known to you about Stephenson?
11. Explain the meaning of the word ‘scriptures’.
12. What was the main problem of those early schools?
13. Who financed education at the beginning of the 19th century?
14. Who were ‘non-conformists’? Find other words with the same prefix.
15. Explain the word ‘manhood’. What other words with the same suffix do you know?

6. Find facts about the first schools that appeared in Russia and prepare a short report on them.

Unit 2. THE SYSTEM OF EDUCATION IN GREAT BRITAIN

1. Read and translate in writing some facts about education system in Russia.

• The purpose of the British education is not only to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills they will need to become active members of society but also to socialize children.
• Stages of Education:

• Primary schools (Ages: 5 to 11): Infant schools (Ages: 5 to 7), Junior schools (Ages: 7  to 11)
• Secondary/High Schools (Ages: generally 11 -16 or 11 - 18)
• Sixth form colleges (Ages: 16 - 18)

• Types of Secondary Schools:

• comprehensive schools – admission is made without reference to ability or aptitude. Comprehensive schools provide a full range of courses for all levels of ability, from first to sixth year (from ages 11 to 18, although some cater for 11 to 16-year-olds only) and usually take students from the local catchment area.
• grammar  schools, which Have a selective intake and provide an academic education oriented towards university entry;
• secondary technical schools, offering a general education related to industry, commerce and agriculture;
• sixth form colleges – schools where 16-year-olds study for two years for GCE A-levels.

• The system of higher education in Britain includes universities, colleges of education and advanced courses at various colleges.
• After three years of study a university graduate will leave with the Degree of Bachelor of Arts or Science. Student can continue to take his Master's Degree and then the Doctor's.

2. Read text 2, p. 243 (Golubev A.P., Английский язык). Do exercises 12-19, p. 244-246

3. Watch a film about education in the UK and answer the question.

1. What is the average number of students in class at primary/secondary schools?
2. What do children study at primary schools?
3. What type of school is called a boarding school?
4. What are the three core subjects?
5. When do students take national exams in these subjects?
6. What is the difference between GCSE exams (General Certificate of Secondary Education) and “A” levels exams?
7. How many students go on to higher education?
8. Some students enter a university and some do vocational training. What do you think this is?
9. What is tuition?

4. Read the text.

Higher Education And Teacher Training In Great Britain

Nowadays teacher training in Great Britain is realized at universities, polytechnics and colleges of higher education. Students working for their first degree at university are called undergraduates. When they take their degree we say that they graduate and then they are called graduates. If they continue studying at university after they have graduated, they are called post-graduates. In general, the first degree of Bachelor is given to students who pass examinations at the end of three or four years of study.

Further study or research is required at the modern universities for the first post-graduate degree of Master, and at all British universities for that of Doctor.

In Britain full-time university students (students who spend all their time studying and have no other employment), have three terms of about ten weeks in each year.

University teaching combines lectures given by professors, readers or lecturers, practical classes (in scientific subjects) and small group teaching in seminars or tutorials.

The course of study for intending teachers is based upon compulsory and optional subjects.

The Programme usually consists of three core components: School-based experience, Subject studies and Education studies.

Theory of Education is one of the main subjects. At the end of the first or second year students are to make their choice as to the age-range of children they wish to prepare to teach.

Junior students go into schools for one day each week, watching experienced teachers at work. They take part in the life of the school, help with games, societies or play productions.

Senior students spend fifteen weeks on teaching practice. They learn the use of different educational aids, audio-visual facilities, observe lessons and take an active part in discussing them with a supervisor (tutor) on school practice.

Examinations are held at the end of each term. Final animations (or finals) are taken at the end of the course.

5. Study the text in exercise 6 and write English equivalents of the following words and phrases.

педагогическое образование (обучение учителей), политехнический институт, колледж высшего образования, степень, выпускник, аспирант, бакалавр, дальнейшее обучение, исследовательская работа, магистр, студент дневного отделения, студент вечернего отделения, лектор (2 words), практические занятия, будущий учитель, быть основанным на чем-л., обязательный (2 words), факультативный. практика в школе, изучение основного предмета, комплекс предметов педагогического цикла, педагогика, профилирующая дисциплина, возрастная группа, студенты младших курсов, постановка пьесы, студенты старших курсов, учебные пособия, аудио-визуальные средства, посещать уроки, руководитель по педпрактике (2 words), проводить экзамены, выпускные экзамены.

6. Use the words and word combinations of exercise 4 in the sentences of your own.

7. Complete the biodata text with the words below.

born, certificate, chemistry, engineer, history, joined, literature, physics, Secondary, subjects, university

Robin Banks was 1) born in Bristol in 1979. His father was an 2) _____. Robin went to Mayfields 3) ________ School. He liked science 4) _______. His favourite subjects were 5) ________ and 6) ________.He hated 7) ________ and English 8) _________.He9)______the school football team. He got his 10) ________        and left school in 1995.

He didn't go to 11) _______        and didn't get a degree.

8. Read about Yasmin's education and plans. Complete the chart.

What the letters stand for:

SATs        - Standart Assessment tasks; pronounced  ‘sats’

GCSE - General Certificate of Secondary Education; letters pronounced separately AS – Advanced Subsidiary; letters pronounced separately

A - Advanced

9.  Game Work in small groups. Your task is to find out and write down the missing words in 10 sentences faster than other students. A point is awarded for every correct word.

1. Music, English and Mathematics are different sorts of  s___________.                
2. The s__________ are the teachers working in a school.
3. In Britain, you must go to school between the ages of five and sixteen. It’s c______________        .
4. The person in charge of a school is called the h_____________.
5. You have to pass your exams at school to go on to u___________. The most famous ones in Britain are Oxford and Cambridge.
6. In Britain the school year is divided into three t___________.
7. If you want to know at what time your lesson is, look at the t_____________        .
8. A b__________ school is a school where pupils live. They only go home to their families during the holidays.
9. The school British children go to when they are five is called a p__________ school.
10. Then at the age of eleven or twelve they go on to a s_____________ school. 

MODULE 7. EDUCATION IN THE USA

“Our progress as a nation can be no swifter

than our progress in education”. Kennedy

Unit 1. EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM

1. Read and translate in writing some facts about education system in Russia.

• The programme of studies in the elementary school includes English, Arithmetic, Geography, History of the USA, Natural sciences and, besides, Physical Training, Singing, Drawing, wood or metal work, etc.
• In the U.S. a principal manages the school. Guidance counselors help students plan their schedules.
• Students take home report cards a few times a year, and parents must sign thorn.
• Many students participate in extracurricular activities such as drama clubs or sports.
• There are two types of school in the United States of America. There are state public, private elementary schools and private secondary schools. Public schools are free and private schools are fee-paying.
• Stages of Education

1. Elementary education begins at the age of six or seven, when a child goes to the first grade (form).
2. At the age of sixteen schoolchildren leave the elementary school and may continue their education at one of the secondary schools or high schools, as they call them.
3. After graduating from secondary schools a growing number of Americans go on to higher education.

• The National Government gives no direct financial aid to the institutions of higher education. Students must pay a tuition fee.

2. Read text 3, p. 246 (Golubev A.P., Английский язык). Do exercises 20-24, p. 247

3. Work in two groups. Every group reads a part of the text “Schooling in the USA” and answers the questions and then tells another group the summary of the text.

Group A

American children go to elementary school when they are six years old and they stay there for six years. The school years are called grades. The first year is the "first" grade and the last year is the "six" grade. In most parts of the country elementary schools also have kindergartens for five-year-olds.

Pre-schools are for children younger than five. In pre-school children prepare to go to school. They play with other children and learn to listen to the teacher. These are important processes for young children.

American children do not have to go to school until the age of six, so not all children attend pre-school.

Public elementary schools usually have 500 students. Boys and girls attend classes together, and there are between 15 and 30 children in a class. Some students learn fast. Others need help. The teacher may put pupils in small groups where they can learn at different speeds. The most important subjects are English, Maths and Science. The pupils also learn Music, Art, French and Health.

1 What core subjects do students study at high school?

2. What electives do they take?
3. Do teachers use tests at school? Why?
4. Why do you think tests are also for teachers and schools?
5. What are the marks most American schools give the students?
6. Where do teachers list the students' marks?

Group B

In junior high school (grades 7 and 8) and in senior high school (grades 9 through 12) core subjects are English, Maths, Social Studies, Biology, Chemistry, Physics, foreign languages Electives are music, Art, typing, home economics, computer science, Drama. Students take many tests every year. Teachers use tests to see how well pupils are learning at school. If students pass these tests, they go on to the next grade where the work is harder. There is another special test that pupils take every year in all the schools in America, it is a different test for each grade but the same for all students in the same grade. It shows what they have learnt that year. It also shows which schools teach well. Most American schools give the following marks:

A = 91 - 100%

В = 81 -90%

С = 71 - 80%

D = 65 - 70%

E = 50 - 64%

F = bellow 50%

In high school it is possible to take some classes without marks. Then the student gets a “P” for “pass” and an “F” for “fail”.

Teachers keep lists of students’ test and homework-marks. They give students marks for how they work. Then they list the students’ marks on their report card. Students get report cards four times a year. One copy is sent to the parents and the school keeps a copy.

1. What are the school years called in American schools?
2. How old are American children when they go to elementary school?
3. How long do American children stay at elementary school?
4. What do children do in pre-school and kindergarten?
5. Are boys and girls together in classes in public elementary school?
6. What subjects do boys and girls study in public elementary schools?

Unit 2. HIGH SCHOOLS IN THE UNITED STATES

1. Read the text.

High schools in the United States include students who are in 9th through 12th grade (ages 14-18). Ninth grade students are called freshmen, tenth grade students are called sophomores, eleventh grade students are called juniors and twelfth grade students are called seniors. Before high school, students attend middle school or Junior High school, which is 5th through 8th grade (ages 10-14). Before middle school, students attend elementary school, which is kindergarten through 4th grade (ages 5-10).

Schedules: High school students in the United States finish class everyday by 3 p.m. but they always have school on Wednesday afternoons. They have six or seven classes everyday and only 30 minutes to eat lunch.

Subjects: Every student must take English, math, science, gym, and history and at least two years of a foreign language. They also choose elective classes like music, art, band, computer science, business, choir or swing choir or shop.

Grades: Students receive letter grades. The highest grade is A+ followed by A and A-. B is still good, while C is average. D is failing and E or F means complete failure.

Vacations: The school year in the United States begins at the very end of August and finishes in the middle of June. During the school year, students also have 2 days off for Thanksgiving in November, 2 weeks off for Christmas in December, one day off in January for Martin Luther King Jr.’s birthday, one week off in April for Easter, and one day off at the end of May for Memorial Day.

Sports: American students have many choices of sports to play. Most schools have teams for basketball, football, baseball, and track and field, soccer and sometimes hockey or swimming. Students practice these sports after school during the week, and they also participate in official games against other schools. Football is the most popular sport, followed by basketball. Cheerleaders and pompom girls attend all of the football and basketball games to make the crowd cheer for their team.  Every school also has a mascot.

Dances: School dances are very common in the United States. Homecoming refers to the football game, parade, and dance that take place at the beginning of the school year. Prom is the major dance at the end of the school year for seniors, and students vote for each other to be Prom Queen and King.

Buses: American students usually ride yellow buses to and from school. They can also walk to school or have their parents drive them; students over 16 can drive to school.

Lockers: In almost every hallway, there are lockers for students to put their backpacks, coats and bag lunch in during classes. Students must remember the number to the combination on their locker.

2. Fill in the table.

3. Fill in names of the grades in high school (and university/college) for the different years.

a)                 = ______ grade

b)                 = ______ grade

c)                  = ______ grade

d)                  = ______ grade

4. Complete the table about the grading system in the USA.

5. Answer the questions.

1. Which system, Russian or American, has more vacation time?
2. Name  sports teams (7) in high school.  Who supports them (4)?
3. What are lockers and what are they used for?

MODULE 8. REVISING

1.  Match the words with their definitions. 

2. Which of the tables do you think represents: a) the British education system, b) the American system? Read the text and fill in the missing words / ages in the tables.

The education system of the USA

There is no single educational system in the USA - instead, each of the 50 states has its own system.

In most states, however, children go to school from about the age of six until at least age sixteen. Each year of school is called a ‘grade’, and in order to graduate, all American students must successfully complete 12th Grade.

In a typical case, a student attends seven years of primary education, which is often divided into four years of Elementary school (Grades 1-4) and three years of Middle school (Grades 5-7). This is followed by secondary school, split into Junior high (Grades 8-9) and Senior High (Grades 10-12).

After finishing Senior High, graduating students receive the High School Diploma. If they choose to, they can then go on to higher education at college or university.

The Education System of the UK 

In the UK, all children must go to school from age five to age sixteen. They go to primary school for seven years and secondary school for five years.

Primary school may be divided into Infant school three years) and Junior school (four years). There are different kinds of secondary school, but all pupils follow the same national curriculum that leads to GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) qualifications.

After age 16, British students can choose to leave school, or – if their results are good enough  - they can go on to attend Sixth Form for a further two years. At the end of this time, they sit ‘A’ (Advanced) Level exams to qualify for entry to college or university.

3.  Make a similar table about the education system in your country. In what ways is it similar/different to the education systems in the UK and the USA? Discuss in groups.

4. Choose the correct variant.

1. In Britain compulsory education begins:

1. at 5 and lasts till 16 years old;
2. at 4 and lasts till 15 years old;
3. at 6 and lasts till 18 years old;
4. at 7 and lasts till 15 years old.

2. In the USA compulsory education begins:

1. at 5 and lasts for 15 more years;
2. at 6 and lasts for 12 more years;
3. at 7 and lasts for 8 more years;
4. at 4 and lasts for 10 more years.

3. In Russia compulsory education begins:

1. at 4 years old and lasts till the 12th grade;
2. at 5 years old and lasts till the 10th grade;
3. at 6 (7) years old and lasts till the 9th grade;
4. at 8 years old and lasts till the 11th grade.

4. There are two types of schools in the USA:

1. private and preparatory;
2. public and independent;
3. state, private;
4. public, private.

5. There are two types of schools in Great Britain:

1. state and public;
2. public and private;
3. private and independent;
4. nursery and state.

6. Education in Great Britain consists of:

1. elementary, junior and high school;
2. infant, junior and secondary school;
3. elementary, middle and secondary school;
4. infant, junior and middle school.

7. Education in the USA consists of:

1. infant, junior and high school;
2. high and infant school;
3. elementary and high school;
4. high, junior and elementary school.

5. Complete definitions 1-14with words and expressions from the box. You will not need all of the words and expressions from the box.

acquire     class     correspondence course     course     day release     degree

discipline     doctorate     elementary (education)     elementary school

enroll     exam    experience    faculty    fail    fees    grade    grades   grade school

graduate (noun)     graduate (verb)     graduate school     grant     higher degree

higher education    high school     junior high school     kindergarten     learn

learning resources center    lecture    lecturer    lesson    literacy     mature (student)

middle school    night class    numeracy    opportunity    pass    physical education private school    professor    prospectus    public school    qualifications    quarter

retake (an exam)            resources     secondary (education)     semester     seminar

SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test)     sit / take (an exam)     skills     study     subject syllabus    topic    tutor    tutorial    undergraduate

1. A ___________ is an educational course that you take at home, receiving your work and sending it back by mail or email. A _________ is a lesson in the evening for people who work during the day. People who have a job might be given __________ by their employer, which means that can take a day off work about once a week to attend a course of study.
2. The _________ is an examination that students must take before they can go to university.
3. A _________ is a period of time in which students are taught a subject in school (also called a _________).
4. A _________ is a talk given to a group of students at college or university about a particular __________        . The person who gives the talk is called a ________. A ___________ is a meeting at which a group of students discuss something they are studying. A         __________ is a meeting at which one student, or a small group of students, discusses something he/she is studying with his/her _________.
5. ___________ is the ability to read and write. __________ refers to basic skills in mathematics.
6. A __________ is a small book that provides information about a university. Once a student who has read the book decides he/she would like to study there, he must        __________ (in other words, he/she puts his/her name on the official list of students).
7. A __________ is a main department at a university. The word can also be used to refer to the teaching staff of a school college, university, etc.
8. ___________ refers to sports and exercise that children do at school as a school subject.
9. A ___________ is a school that is funded by taxes. A __________ is a school where the parents of the children who attend it must pay _________        .
10. A ____________ is school for very young children (aged 4 or 5), which prepares them for the fast ___________ at school. An ___________ is a school for the first six or eight years of a child's education. It is also known as a ____________.
11. А __________ is а list of the main subjects in a course of study (sometimes called a curriculum).
12. A        __________ is a school for students between the ages of 12 and 14 or 15. It is also known as a ______________. From the age of 14 or 15, students attend a ____________.
13. A        _____________ one of two periods into which the school year is divided. A ____________ is one of four periods into which the school year is divided.

14.        A        ___________ is someone who has completed a course at school, college or university. A ___________ is a college or university where students can study for a ____________ such as a Master's or Ph.D.

6. Complete this essay with appropriate words and expressions from the box in Exercise 5. You may need to change the form of some of the words.

You are never too old to learn. Do you agree with this statement?

Education is a long process that not only provides us with basic (1) ________ such as (2) _______ and (3) ________ but is also essential in shaping our future lives. From the moment we enter (4) ________ as 5-year-olds, and as we progress through (5) ________ and (6) ________ education, we are laying the foundations for the life ahead of us. We must (7) ________ ourselves to work hard so that we can (8) ________ exams and gain the (9) ________ we will need to secure a good job. We must also (10) ________ valuable life skills so that we can fit in and work with those around us. And of course (11) ________ helps us to develop our bodies and stay fit and healthy.

For most people, this process ends when they are in the mid-to-late teens and they (12) ________ from high school. For others, however, it is the beginning of a lifetime of learning. Alter they finish school, many progress to (13) ________ education where they will work towards a (14) ________ in a chosen (15) ________ at university. After that, they may work for a while before opting to study at a (16) ________ for a Masters degree, or a (17) ________. Alternately, they may choose to attend a (18) ________        alter work or, if they have a sympathetic employer, obtain (19) ________ so that they can study during the week. And if they like a long way from a college or university, they might follow a (20) ________ using mail and the Internet. In fact, it is largely due to the proliferation of computers that many people, who have not been near a school for many years, have started to study again and can proudly class themselves as (21) ________ students.

We live in a fascinating and constantly changing world, and we must continually learn and acquire new knowledge if we are to adapt and keep up with changing events. Our schooldays are just the beginning of this process, and we should make the best of every (22) ________ to develop our-selves, whether we are eighteen or eighty. You are, indeed, never too old to learn.

Vocabulary

Памятка-инструкция

Как определить значение слова в тексте

Цель: научить правильно, определять значение незнакомых слов. Многие слова в английском языке имеют не одно, а несколько значений. Встретившись с таким словом, важно правильно определить его значение в тексте. Для этого необходимо:

1)прочесть предложение и определить к какой части речи относится данное слово,

2)найти нужную  словарную статью;

3)найти в ней нужную часть речи;

4)выбрать то значение, которое подходит по  смыслу.

Памятка-совет

Как быстро найти нужную информацию

Цель: развивать навык поискового чтения.

1)Убедись, что ты чётко представляешь какую информацию тебе надо найти в тексте.

2)Не останавливайся при чтении на каждом незнакомом слове, незначительной для тебя информации.

3)Обращай особое внимание на опознавательные знаки, слова которые могут подсказать, где в тексте находится необходимая тебе информация (заглавные буквы - для ответа на вопросы кто? где?, цифры – сколько? когда?)

При слушании с целью извлечения конкретной информации следуй тем же советам памятки.

Памятка  - совет инструкция

Как научиться понимать всё, о чём читаешь

Цель: развивать навык изучающего чтения.

1) Прежде всего, прочитай весь текст и попытайся понять общий смысл. Это поможет затем глубже вникнуть в детали при повторном чтении.

2) Если при повторном чтении встречаются незнакомые слова, не спеши обращаться к словарю. Постарайся понять значение незнакомого слова по общему смыслу предложения.

3) Если не получается, попробуй сопоставить его со словами русского языка.

4) Если оно не напоминает тебе никаких слов, посмотри, из каких элементов состоит слово.

5) Если все перечисленные способы не помогли тебе, остаётся последний – обращение к словарю. Главное, не оставлять ключевые слова без точного перевода.

Список рекомендуемой литературы

1. Англо-русский учебно-педагогический словарь - The Learner's English-Russian Dictionary of Education. [Текст] / Сост. Н.В.Фёдорова, В.П.Лапчинская. – М.: ИЗДАТ-ШКОЛА, 1998. – 160 с. Большой русско-английский словарь: ок.50 000 слов. С прил. крат. сведений по англ. грамматике и орфоэпии, сост. А.И. Смирницким. [Текст] / Сост. О.С. Ахманова, З.С. Выгодская, Т.П. Горбунова; Под. общ. рук. А.И. Смирницкого. – М.: Русский язык, 2003. – 768 с.
2. Артемова А.Ф. English for Teachers / Английский язык для педагогов. [Текст] / А. Ф. Артемова, О. А. Леонович. – Флинта, 2014. – с.264
3. Голубев А.П. Английский язык: учебное пособие для студентов средних профессиональных учебных заведений. [Текст] / А.П. Голубев, Н.В. Балюк, И.Б. Смирнова. – 7-е изд., стер. – М.: Издательский цент «Академия», 2009. – 336 с.
4. Онлайн словарь издательства Макмиллан [Электронный ресурс] // URL: http://www.macmillandictionary.com (дата обращения 09.03.2016).
5. Сайт «Just Landed». Международный сайт-гид на английском языке, для тех, кто хочет знать все о зарубежных странах [Электронный ресурс] // URL: https://www.justlanded.com/english/United-Kingdom/Education (Образование в Великобритании, дата обращения 09.03.2016); https://www.justlanded.com/english/United-States/Education (Образование в Соединенных Штатах, дата обращения 09.03.2016).  https://www.justlanded.com/english/Russia/Russia-Guide/Education (Образование в России, дата обращения 09.03.2016).

Список использованных источников

1. Evans V. Enterprise 4 (Intermediate).  [Текст] / Virginia Evans, Jenny Dooley. – Express Publishing, 1998. - 198 p.
2. Evans V. New Round-Up 4. [Текст] / Virginia Evans, Jenny Dooley. – 4th publ.  – L.: Longman, 2010. – 208 p.
3. Evans V. Upstream. Elementary.  [Текст] / Virginia Evans, Jenny Dooley. – Express Publishing, 2005. – 134 p.
4. Evans V. Upstream. Pre-Intermediate.  [Текст] / Virginia Evans, Jenny Dooley. – Express Publishing, 2004. - 152 p.
5. McCarthy, M. English Vocabulary in Use. Elementary [Текст] / Michael McCarthy, Felicity O'Dell. – Cambridge: University Press, 2008.  - 168 p.
6. Pey G. Vocabulary in Practice. 2. Elementary [Текст] / Glennis Pey. – Cambridge: University Press, 2002.  – 63 p.
7. Redman, S. English Vocabulary in Use. Pre-intermediate and intermediate. [Текст]  / Stuart Redman. – Cambridge: University Press, 2009.  - 263 p.
8. Аракин В.Д. Практический курс английского языка. 2 курс. [Текст] / Л.И. Селянина, Л.Г. Любимова, и др.; под ред. В.Д. Аракина; 5-е изд., перераб. и доп. – М.: Владос, 1998. – 520 с.
9. Афанасьева О.В. Английский язык. 10 класс: учеб. для общеобразоват. учреждений. [Текст] / О.В. Афанасьева, Д. Дули, И.В. Михеева и др. – 5-е изд. – М.: Express Publishing, Просвещение, 2012. – 248 с.
10. Биболетова М.З. Английский язык. Enjoy English. 11 класс [Текст] / З.М. Биболетова, Е.Е. Бабушис, Н.Д. Снежко. – 2-е изд., испр. - Обнинск: Титул, 2011. – 200 с.
11. Восковская А.С. Английский язык для средних специальных учебных заведений. [Текст] / А.С. Восковская, Т.А. Карпова. – Изд. 2-е, перераб. и доп. – Ростов н/Д: Феникс, 2005. – 384 с.
12. Голубев А.П. Английский язык: учебное пособие для студентов средних профессиональных учебных заведений. [Текст] / А.П. Голубев, Н.В. Балюк, И.Б. Смирнова. – 7-е изд., стер. – М.: Издательский цент «Академия», 2009. – 336 с.
13. Онлайн словарь издательства Макмиллан [Электронный ресурс] // URL: http://www.macmillandictionary.com (дата обращения 09.03.2016).
14. Сайт «Just Landed». Сайт-гид на английском языке, для тех кто хочет знать все о зарубежных странах [Электронный ресурс] // URL: https://www.justlanded.com/english/United-Kingdom/Education (Образование в Великобритании, дата обращения 09.03.2016); https://www.justlanded.com/english/United-States/Education (Образование в Соединенных Штатах, дата обращения 09.03.2016).  https://www.justlanded.com/english/Russia/Russia-Guide/Education (Образование в России, дата обращения 09.03.2016).