Политическая система Великобритании
презентация к уроку

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Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy. Officially the head of the state is the king or queen. The power of the monarch is not absolute but constitutional. The hereditary principle upon which the monarchy is founded is strictly observed. The now reigning monarch, Queen Elizabeth, II is a descendant of the Saxon king Egbert.

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The Constitution Practically speaking, there is no written constitution in GB. Magna Carta, a famous document in English history agreed upon in 1215 by king John and the barons, which set certain limits on royal power and which was later regarded as a law stating basic civil rights. Habeas Corpus Act, a law passed in 1679 (будет гарантировать, что на суде появятся присяжные заседатели и решать виновен ли человек или нет). The Bill of Rights, an act of Parliament passed in 1689, which confirmed certain rights of the people.

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Three branches of Government Power in GB is divided among three branches: the legislative ( законодательная) branch, the executive (исполнительная) and judicial. (судебная)

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The legislative branch The legislative branch is represented by Parliament, which consists of: The house of lords (палата лордов) The house of Commons (палата общин) Parliament in Britain has existed since 1265. The House of lords consists of more than 1000 peers, including the “lords spiritual”. The members of the House of Commons are elected by a general election.

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The executive branch The executive branch is headed by the Prime minister, who is appointed by the king (queen). According to tradition, the Prime Minister is the leader of the party that has won the elections and has the majority in the House of Commons. The main function of the executive branch of the government is to administer the law.

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The judicial branch The judicial branch interprets the laws The supreme Court of Judicature ( верховный суд) The high Court of Justice ( высокий суд) суд первой инстанции по гражданским делам с юрисдикцией на территории всей Великобритании The Court of Appeal ( апелляционный суд)

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Political Parties The conservative Party The Labour Party