Контрольная работа по теме : " Страноведение" 3 курс 1 семестр для специальности "Механизация сельского хозяйства"
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                                         Курс 3            Семестр 1        

    1.Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите выделенные фрагменты.

                                          American traditions

   Every nation has different customs and traditions, its own way of life. In Europe there are people who have lived in the same house and been in the same job for 20, 30 or more years. That’s not the American way of life. The Americans love change, they call it the spirit of adventure, a spirit that they think is more characteristic of America than of Europe. They like to move away, to change houses and jobs.

   While the Englishman thinks it is ill mannered to ask private questions, the American doesn’t feel that at all. He will tell you all about himself, his wife and family, and ask where you have come from, what your job is, how you like America and how long you are staying. The American prefers sociability. In his home he doesn’t object to being seen by everyone — he actually likes it.

With this sociability goes overwhelming hospitality. A national Thanksgiving Day is perhaps the only holiday spent by the Americans at home. Table decorations follow a traditional pattern — a harvest of Indian corn, apples, oranges, walnuts and grapes. Flowers also bring the fall scene indoors. The centrepiece is the traditional roast turkey. Still another American tradition concerns Halloween. Its origin dates back hundreds of years to the Druid festival. The Druid New Year began on November 1, marking the beginning of winter and the reign of the Lord of Death. The custom of telling ghost stories on Halloween comes from the Druids. On this occasion children usually wear ghost costumes or false faces. They also carve out rounded eyes in pumpkins and put burning candles inside them to make them visible from far away.

In Texas, where the West begins, the biggest annual festival — the Fat Stock Show — is held. Its rodeo, hold together with the stock show, is the biggest indoor rodeo on the earth.

   And, of course, no nation can exist without humour. As they themselves say, an American must have one wife, two cars, three children, four pets, five suits, six acres, seven credit cards — and is lucky to have eight cents in his pocket.

 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы

1. Why do The Americans love changes?

2. What another American tradition concerns Halloween?

Задание № 3

Выбери правильный ответ

1. Who is the head  of the government in the UK?

       a) Prime Minister     b)Queen     c) Speaker     d) Chancellor

2.  The official language of Canada is …

       a) English     b) French     c) English and French     d) English and Spanish

3. The capital of the US is …

        a) New York     b) Washington     c) Boston     d) Philadelphia

4.  The traditional English drink is …

       a) coffee     b) tea    c) cocoa    d) milk

5. The capital of Canada is …

        a) Ottawa     b) Quebec      c) Toronto     d) Melbourne

6. The capital of Australia is …

  a) Melbourne     b) Sidney        c) Canberra                d) Ottawa

7. What is Britain separated from the Continent by?

a) the English Channel  b) the Persian  Gulf     c) the Suez Canal     d) the Gulf of Mexico

8. Тhе Statue of Liberty was given bу the people of ... .

А) Italy; В) Spain; С) France; D) England; Е) Russia.

9. What does Britain consists of…(продолжи)

Задание  № 4

Вставь пропущенные страны

1. The … is а federal republic  а union оf 50 states.
2. Тhе … consists оf  50 states and the District of Columbia;
3. The … is a constitutional monarchy. The unofficial «head» of state is the Queen.
4. The official residence of the … president is the White House.
5. … is the  world's leading exporter of wool.
6. The …is separated from the continent by the English Channel.

                                         Курс 3            Семестр 1        

1.Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите выделенные фрагменты.

                                   What is “American” food?

   The answer is that it is part Italian, part British, part German, part Mexican, part Chinese… When people from other countries came to live in the US, they brought different cooking traditions. Some of them opened restaurants. Today Americans enjoy food from all over the world.

   Over the years some foreign dishes changed a little. Doughnuts were originally from Holland. In 1847 a young American boy told his mother that her doughnuts were never cooked in the middle. He cut out the centre and his mother cooked them — and they were very tasty!

Maybe the US is most famous for “fast foods”. The first fast food restaurants served hamburgers, but now they serve other kinds of food too. Inside there is often a “salad bar”, where you can help yourself to as much salad as you want.

   Americans eat a lot, and when they go to a restaurant, they don’t expect to be hungry afterwards. Most restaurants will put a lot of food on your plate — sometimes it can be too much. But if you can’t finish it all, don’t worry: they will give you a “doggy bag” and you can take it home.

Most Americans now have a light breakfast instead of the traditional eggs, bacon, toast, orange juice and coffee. But on weekends there is more time, and a large late breakfast or early lunch is often eaten with family or friends.

  2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы

1. Do Americans like to eat at home?

2. What is the most important meal of the day?

Задание № 3

Выбери правильный ответ

1. Who is the head  of the government in the UK?

       a) Prime Minister     b)Queen     c) Speaker     d) Chancellor

2.  The official language of Canada is …

       a) English     b) French     c) English and French     d) English and Spanish

3. The capital of the US is …

        a) New York     b) Washington     c) Boston     d) Philadelphia

4.  The traditional English drink is …

       a) coffee     b) tea    c) cocoa    d) milk

5. The capital of Canada is …

        a) Ottawa     b) Quebec      c) Toronto     d) Melbourne

6. The capital of Australia is …

  a) Melbourne     b) Sidney        c) Canberra                d) Ottawa

7. What is Britain separated from the Continent by?

a) the English Channel  b) the Persian  Gulf     c) the Suez Canal     d) the Gulf of Mexico

8. Тhе Statue of Liberty was given bу the people of ... .

А) Italy; В) Spain; С) France; D) England; Е) Russia.

9. What does Britain consists of…(продолжи)

Задание  № 4

Вставь пропущенные страны

1. The … is а federal republic  а union оf 50 states.
2. Тhе … consists оf  50 states and the District of Columbia;
3. The … is a constitutional monarchy. The unofficial «head» of state is the Queen.
4. The official residence of the … president is the White House.
5. … is the  world's leading exporter of wool.
6. The …is separated from the continent by the English Channel.

                                         Курс 3            Семестр 1        

1. Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите выделенные фрагменты.

                             Statue of Liberty

The Statue of Liberty National Monument officially celebrated her 100th birthday on October 28,1986. The people of France gave the Statue to the people of the United States one hundred and seventeen years ago in recognition of the friendship established during the American Revolution.

Over the years, the Statue of Liberty has grown to include freedom and democracy as well as this international friendship. The sculptor Frederic Auguste Bartholdi was commissioned to design a sculpture to commemorate the centennial of the American Declaration of Independence.

The Statue was a joint effort between America and France and it was agreed upon that the American people were to build the pedestal, and the French people were responsible for the Statue and its assembly in the United States. However, lack of funds was a problem on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean.

In France, public fees, various forms of entertainment, and a lottery were among the methods used to raise funds. In the United States, benefit theatrical events, exhibitions, auctions assisted in providing needed funds

The Statue was placed upon a granite pedestal inside the courtyard of the star-shaped walls of Fort Wood (which had been completed for the War of 1812.) The United States had responsibility for the operation of the Statue of Liberty. After 1901, the care and operation of the Statue was placed under the War Department. A Presidential Proclamation declared Fort Wood (and the Statue of Liberty within it) a National Monument on October 15th, 1924.

In 1933, the care and administration works of the National Monument were transferred to the National Park Service. On September 7, 1937, jurisdiction of this Service was enlarged to encompass all of Bedloe's Island and in 1956, the island's name was changed to Liberty Island.

 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы

1. Why did the people of France give the Statue to the people of the United States one hundred and seventeen years ago?

2. When and how was Bedloe's Island renamed

Задание № 3

Выбери правильный ответ

1. Who is the head  of the government in the UK?

       a) Prime Minister     b)Queen     c) Speaker     d) Chancellor

2.  The official language of Canada is …

       a) English     b) French     c) English and French     d) English and Spanish

3. The capital of the US is …

        a) New York     b) Washington     c) Boston     d) Philadelphia

4.  The traditional English drink is …

       a) coffee     b) tea    c) cocoa    d) milk

5. The capital of Canada is …

        a) Ottawa     b) Quebec      c) Toronto     d) Melbourne

6. The capital of Australia is …

  a) Melbourne     b) Sidney        c) Canberra                d) Ottawa

7. What is Britain separated from the Continent by?

a) the English Channel  b) the Persian  Gulf     c) the Suez Canal     d) the Gulf of Mexico

8. Тhе Statue of Liberty was given bу the people of ... .

А) Italy; В) Spain; С) France; D) England; Е) Russia.

9. What does Britain consists of…(продолжи)

Задание  № 4

Вставь пропущенные страны

1. The … is а federal republic  а union оf 50 states.
2. Тhе … consists оf  50 states and the District of Columbia;
3. The … is a constitutional monarchy. The unofficial «head» of state is the Queen.
4. The official residence of the … president is the White House.
5. … is the  world's leading exporter of wool.
6. The …is separated from the continent by the English Channel.

                                         Курс 3            Семестр 1        

1. Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите выделенные фрагменты.

                                               American Cuisine

   American food is definitely multinational, just like its population. People from other countries when arriving to the USA brought with them their national recipes. So, now all American food is partly Italian, partly Greek, partly Jewish, partly Chinese, partly French, etc. Very often traditional American food is associated with fast food, including hamburgers, French fries, hot dogs, pizzas and some other quick and easy-made dishes.

    Another American tradition involves salad bars. Many restaurants offer them to their visitors. The main rule of salad bars is to pay one price and eat as much as you want. Such national celebrations as Thanksgiving and Christmas I many families are followed by roast turkey or stuffed duck. Another traditional American food is doughnuts. However, they were brought to the USA by Dutch immigrants in the 19th century. One can find all sorts of doughnuts in American cafes.

   During the day Americans eat lots of ready-to-cook food. Breakfasts are usually light, with just a plateful of cereal and a cup of fresh-brewed coffee. For lunch some families eat fresh salads, sandwiches or tinned soups, which require simply heating. Dinner is the most nutritious meal. Traditionally families cook pasta or roast beef with rice, serve fresh salads, drink a glass of water, juice or wine and sometimes have a dessert with tea. 

   Some families order a take-away food, such as pizza, sushi, Chinese food, etc.

 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы

1. What is a traditional American food?

2. What is the main rule of salad bars?

Задание № 3

Выбери правильный ответ

1. Who is the head  of the government in the UK?

       a) Prime Minister     b)Queen     c) Speaker     d) Chancellor

2.  The official language of Canada is …

       a) English     b) French     c) English and French     d) English and Spanish

3. The capital of the US is …

        a) New York     b) Washington     c) Boston     d) Philadelphia

4.  The traditional English drink is …

       a) coffee     b) tea    c) cocoa    d) milk

5. The capital of Canada is …

        a) Ottawa     b) Quebec      c) Toronto     d) Melbourne

6. The capital of Australia is …

  a) Melbourne     b) Sidney        c) Canberra                d) Ottawa

7. What is Britain separated from the Continent by?

a) the English Channel  b) the Persian  Gulf     c) the Suez Canal     d) the Gulf of Mexico

8. Тhе Statue of Liberty was given bу the people of ... .

А) Italy; В) Spain; С) France; D) England; Е) Russia.

9. What does Britain consists of…(продолжи)

Задание  № 4

Вставь пропущенные страны

1. The … is а federal republic  а union оf 50 states.
2. Тhе … consists оf  50 states and the District of Columbia;
3. The … is a constitutional monarchy. The unofficial «head» of state is the Queen.
4. The official residence of the … president is the White House.
5. … is the  world's leading exporter of wool.
6. The …is separated from the continent by the English Channel.

                                         Курс 3            Семестр 1        

1. Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите выделенные фрагменты.

Native Americans

        More  than  twelve  thousand  years  ago  the  first American Indians came to Alaska from Asia. In  small groups they crossed a land bridge where Bering Strait now lies. This slow migration went on thousands of years. From Alaska the Indians traveled on southward. Some of the tribes stayed in North America, the others kept on moving to Central and South America. The migrants belonged to different tribes and groups of  different civilizations. Different tribes had quite different languages. There are about two hundred separate  Indian languages in North America, to say nothing about South America. Each of these languages has its own grammar vocabulary.

       The migrants entered a new world in which there were no people at all. But there were many animals to hunt, and there were forests, where fruit, berries and food could be found. After many centuries some of the tribes learned how to grow Indian corn, which grew in parts of the country. Other tribes lived on the great plains and got their food by hunting and fishing.

The American Indians have their own culture, languages, and traditions. These Indian men of Montana dress like this for tribal dances and ceremonials. Some of them paint their faces with bright colors.

The Indians in the Ohio River region developed a high level of civilization. They left man-made hills (mounds) formed in the shapes of animals. The largest one is more than three hundred metres long. These animal-shaped mounds are found mostly in the states of Wisconsin and Ohio. No one knows what they were used for. Scientists believe that there had been a rich culture in North America many hundreds of years before Europeans came

 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы        

1. How many languages are there in North America?

2. Was there a rich culture in North America?

Задание № 3

Выбери правильный ответ

1. Who is the head  of the government in the UK?

       a) Prime Minister     b)Queen     c) Speaker     d) Chancellor

2.  The official language of Canada is …

       a) English     b) French     c) English and French     d) English and Spanish

3. The capital of the US is …

        a) New York     b) Washington     c) Boston     d) Philadelphia

4.  The traditional English drink is …

       a) coffee     b) tea    c) cocoa    d) milk

5. The capital of Canada is …

        a) Ottawa     b) Quebec      c) Toronto     d) Melbourne

6. The capital of Australia is …

  a) Melbourne     b) Sidney        c) Canberra                d) Ottawa

7. What is Britain separated from the Continent by?

a) the English Channel  b) the Persian  Gulf     c) the Suez Canal     d) the Gulf of Mexico

8. Тhе Statue of Liberty was given bу the people of ... .

А) Italy; В) Spain; С) France; D) England; Е) Russia.

9. What does Britain consists of…(продолжи)

Задание  № 4

Вставь пропущенные страны

1. The … is а federal republic  а union оf 50 states.
2. Тhе … consists оf  50 states and the District of Columbia;
3. The … is a constitutional monarchy. The unofficial «head» of state is the Queen.
4. The official residence of the … president is the White House.
5. … is the  world's leading exporter of wool.
6. The …is separated from the continent by the English Channel.

                                         Курс 3            Семестр 1        

1. Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите выделенные фрагменты.

                      The Discovery of America  

America was founded by Columbus in 1492. Columbus fled to this country because of persecution by Ferdinand and Isabella, who refused to believe the world was round. Before Columbus reached America he cried "Ceylon! Ceylon!" because he wanted to see India. When he arrived, he cried again. This time he cried "I have found it!"

After sailing 4000 miles he reached some land.

The crew saw something like a white cliff and cried out: "Tierra! Tierra!". Columbus thought 'that it must be India but it was not. It was a new land — a new continent. It was America. Columbus named the land they had reached San Salvador. People began to speak about the land as "The new World".

European people came to the New World for many reasons. Some hoped to find gold and silver. Priests and missionaries came to bring the Christian religion to the Indians. Among those who came for freedom was a small group of English people called Pilgrims. They wanted to start a new life and to have no religious problems they had in England.

Columbus was mistaken in thinking he had reached India. There is still a great deal of confusion about the East and the West. As Columbus discovered, if you go west long enough you find yourself in the east and vice versa. In the New World most of the eastern half of the country is called the Middle West although it is known as the East by those who live in the Far West.

Columbus, who was as confused as anybody who has been at sea for a long time, called the first people he saw "Indians". Accompanied by his followers, Columbus made several other voyages in search of India. Try as he might, however, he kept discovering America and finally returned to Spain to die.

2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы

  1. Did Columbus intend to reach America or India?

2. How did Columbus name the land he had reached?

Задание № 3

Выбери правильный ответ

1. Who is the head  of the government in the UK?

       a) Prime Minister     b)Queen     c) Speaker     d) Chancellor

2.  The official language of Canada is …

       a) English     b) French     c) English and French     d) English and Spanish

3. The capital of the US is …

        a) New York     b) Washington     c) Boston     d) Philadelphia

4.  The traditional English drink is …

       a) coffee     b) tea    c) cocoa    d) milk

5. The capital of Canada is …

        a) Ottawa     b) Quebec      c) Toronto     d) Melbourne

6. The capital of Australia is …

  a) Melbourne     b) Sidney        c) Canberra                d) Ottawa

7. What is Britain separated from the Continent by?

a) the English Channel  b) the Persian  Gulf     c) the Suez Canal     d) the Gulf of Mexico

8. Тhе Statue of Liberty was given bу the people of ... .

А) Italy; В) Spain; С) France; D) England; Е) Russia.

9. What does Britain consists of…(продолжи)

Задание  № 4

Вставь пропущенные страны

1. The … is а federal republic  а union оf 50 states.
2. Тhе … consists оf  50 states and the District of Columbia;
3. The … is a constitutional monarchy. The unofficial «head» of state is the Queen.
4. The official residence of the … president is the White House.
5. … is the  world's leading exporter of wool.
6. The …is separated from the continent by the English Channel.

        Курс 3            Семестр 1        

                     1.Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите выделенные фрагменты.

Musical America

Music is loved by many people in the United States. Since the US was settled largely by Europeans, it is not surprising that classical music and folk songs were brought from their homelands in Europe.

However, America has produced its own musical culture. There are, for example, many folk songs that people usually sang while working. Railroad work groups and the men in camps had their own ballads, their own love songs. The cowboys, too, sang about their work and the girls they loved.

At first the music of white Americans and black Americans developed separately. But from the beginning of the twentieth century white singers and vocal and instrumental groups became interested in the songs, music and rhythms of the black people. Perhaps the greatest contribution of the black to American music is jazz. Today jazz bands and groups, both instrumental and vocal are popular all over America and in most parts of the world.

   The origin of jazz is as interesting as the music itself. Jazz was invented by Afro-Americans. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work hours in the cotton and tobacco fields. This work was hard and their life was short. When a black man died, his friends and relatives formed a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the procession. On the way to the cemetery the band played slow sad music

 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы

1. Have Americans produced their own musical culture?

2. How was Jazz invented?

  3.

Выбери правильный ответ

1. Who is the head  of the government in the UK?

       a) Prime Minister     b)Queen     c) Speaker     d) Chancellor

2.  The official language of Canada is …

       a) English     b) French     c) English and French     d) English and Spanish

3. The capital of the US is …

        a) New York     b) Washington     c) Boston     d) Philadelphia

4.  The traditional English drink is …

       a) coffee     b) tea    c) cocoa    d) milk

5. The capital of Canada is …

        a) Ottawa     b) Quebec      c) Toronto     d) Melbourne

6. The capital of Australia is …

  a) Melbourne     b) Sidney        c) Canberra                d) Ottawa

7. What is Britain separated from the Continent by?

a) the English Channel  b) the Persian  Gulf     c) the Suez Canal     d) the Gulf of Mexico

8. Тhе Statue of Liberty was given bу the people of ... .

А) Italy; В) Spain; С) France; D) England; Е) Russia.

9. What does Britain consists of…(продолжи)

4.

Вставь пропущенные страны

1. The … is а federal republic  а union оf 50 states.
2. Тhе … consists оf  50 states and the District of Columbia;
3. The … is a constitutional monarchy. The unofficial «head» of state is the Queen.
4. The official residence of the … president is the White House.
5. … is the  world's leading exporter of wool.
6. The …is separated from the continent by the English Channel.

                                         Курс 3            Семестр 1        

1. Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите выделенные фрагменты.

                    Halloween

    Halloween  was first celebrated many centuries ago in Ireland and Scotland by Celtic priests called Druids. They observed the end of autumn and the beginning of winter. The Druids thought that Halloween was the night when the witches came out. As they were afraid of witches they put on different clothes and painted bees to deceive the evil spirits. They also placed food and small gifts near the doors of their houses for witches. This was, as they say now, the beginning expression "trick or treat" (meaning "give me something or I shall play a trick on you.").

    It is considered that Halloween was brought to America by the immigrants from Ireland and Scotland. In the I9th century they celebrated Halloween according to their own traditions (a lantern (фонарь) made of pumpkin (тыква) with holes in the form of eyes, a nose and a mouth was part of the festival). As time went by, grown-up people lost interest in Halloween, and it was celebrated mostly by children. Dressed very strangely, children held festivals. During their carnival and after it, groups of children visited houses and asked for candies. "Trick or treat!(угощение) Trick or treat!" was heard everywhere. In recent 15 years, grown-up people have begun taking part in Halloween. In New York, for example, young and old take part in parades together. On the 31st of October, long before the time when the carnival procession begins to move, a great number of people get together in one of the streets. They are dressed as witches or demons. 

   There are hundreds of large "pumpkins" in their hands. After the parade the festival lasts almost till early morning. This is how Americans celebrate Halloween.

 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы

1. What is Halloween?

2. How Halloween was celebrated?

3.

Выбери правильный ответ

1. Who is the head  of the government in the UK?

       a) Prime Minister     b)Queen     c) Speaker     d) Chancellor

2.  The official language of Canada is …

       a) English     b) French     c) English and French     d) English and Spanish

3. The capital of the US is …

        a) New York     b) Washington     c) Boston     d) Philadelphia

4.  The traditional English drink is …

       a) coffee     b) tea    c) cocoa    d) milk

5. The capital of Canada is …

        a) Ottawa     b) Quebec      c) Toronto     d) Melbourne

6. The capital of Australia is …

  a) Melbourne     b) Sidney        c) Canberra                d) Ottawa

7. What is Britain separated from the Continent by?

a) the English Channel  b) the Persian  Gulf     c) the Suez Canal     d) the Gulf of Mexico

8. Тhе Statue of Liberty was given bу the people of ... .

А) Italy; В) Spain; С) France; D) England; Е) Russia.

9. What does Britain consists of…(продолжи)

Задание 4.

Вставь пропущенные страны

1. The … is а federal republic  а union оf 50 states.
2. Тhе … consists оf  50 states and the District of Columbia;
3. The … is a constitutional monarchy. The unofficial «head» of state is the Queen.
4. The official residence of the … president is the White House.
5. … is the  world's leading exporter of wool.
6. The …is separated from the continent by the English Channel.

                                         Курс 3            Семестр 1        

1. Прочитайте текст и письменно переведите выделенные фрагменты.

                                        American Symbols

The American flag is often called "The Stars and Stripes", it is also called "Old Glory". It represents the growth of the nation. It has 13 horizontal stripes,7 red and 6 white which stand for the original 13 states. In the top left hand corner there are 50 white stars on a blue background: one star for each state. The national anthem of the United States is "The Star Spangled Banner".

The words written during the Anglo-American war of 18X2-1814and set to the music of an old song. Every state has its own flag, its own emblem and its own anthem too.

The eagle became the national emblem of the country in 1782. It has an olive branch (a symbol of peace) and arrows (a symbol of strength). You can see the eagle on the back of a dollar bill.

The Statue of Liberty is the symbol of American democracy. It stands on Liberty Island in New York. It is one of the first things people see when they arrive in New York by sea. This National Monument was a present from France to the USA. France gave the statue to America in 1884 as a symbol of friendship. Liberty carries the torch of freedom - in her right hand. In her left hand she is holding a tablet with the inscription "July 4, 1776" - American Independence Day.

 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы

1. What do people often call American flag?

  2. What country did gift to the USA?

3.

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1. Who is the head  of the government in the UK?

       a) Prime Minister     b)Queen     c) Speaker     d) Chancellor

2.  The official language of Canada is …

       a) English     b) French     c) English and French     d) English and Spanish

3. The capital of the US is …

        a) New York     b) Washington     c) Boston     d) Philadelphia

4.  The traditional English drink is …

       a) coffee     b) tea    c) cocoa    d) milk

5. The capital of Canada is …

        a) Ottawa     b) Quebec      c) Toronto     d) Melbourne

6. The capital of Australia is …

  a) Melbourne     b) Sidney        c) Canberra                d) Ottawa

7. What is Britain separated from the Continent by?

a) the English Channel  b) the Persian  Gulf     c) the Suez Canal     d) the Gulf of Mexico

8. Тhе Statue of Liberty was given bу the people of ... .

А) Italy; В) Spain; С) France; D) England; Е) Russia.

9. What does Britain consists of…(продолжи)

4.

Вставь пропущенные страны

1. The … is а federal republic  а union оf 50 states.
2. Тhе … consists оf  50 states and the District of Columbia;
3. The … is a constitutional monarchy. The unofficial «head» of state is the Queen.
4. The official residence of the … president is the White House.
5. … is the  world's leading exporter of wool.
6. The …is separated from the continent by the English Channel.