Презентация по дисциплине иностранный язык на тему Модальные глаголы в отношении прошлого
презентация к уроку

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How to put a Modal Verb in Past? This is the easy part! This is the formula: MODAL + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE Example: Present: You should see a doctor. Past: You should have seen a doctor

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Except for modals that express obligation,ability and lack of necessity: Obligation: I had to work hard. Ability: I could run fast when I was young. Lack of necessity: You didn't have to / didn't need to take your umbrella.

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Modals in the Past Obligation – You had to stop. Advice – You should have seen a doctor. Prohibition – You mustn’t have smoked there. Ability – I could run fast. Now I’m old. Certainty – He must have been rich. He had a big house and expensive car / He can’t have written that poem. He was illiterate.

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6.Permission – She could drive her father’s car when she was only 15. 7. Possibility – I guess it may/can/could/might have been Lacy on the phone. 8. Lack of necessity – You didn’t have to / didn’t need to buy tomatoes.

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NOTES! It is not possible to say ‘CAN HAVE DONE’ something, but it is possible to say ‘CAN’T HAVE DONE’ something. It is not possible to say ‘MUSTN’T HAVE DONE’ something, but it is possible to say ‘MUST HAVE DONE’ something. It is not possible to use SHALL with a Past meaning. If you want to use OUGHT TO instead of SHOULD, the structure is: ‘The weather OUGHT (not) TO HAVE been a problem’.

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Could, Might, Can’t and Must COULD is used in the same sense as it is in the Present, but with a sense of Past action: ‘Keep your eyes on the road!! You could have killed me!’ MIGHT is very similar. ‘I don’t know. He might have gone to the dentist.’ PERHAPS + PAST = MIGHT HAVE + Past Participle

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« Can’t have… » and « Must have » are suppositions. They do not have the sense of ability or obligation that they do in the present: - Who was that man who spent the whole party dancing with Sarah? I didn’t see him very well.’ - It must have been Simon’s brother – we don’t know him because he lives in Scotland.’ - No – it can’t have been , because Sarah can’t stand Simon. I don’t think she’d dance with his brother.’

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MUST HAVE is a stronger way of saying MIGHT HAVE. You are more certain of what you are saying. ‘The dog’s ill. He might have eaten some rat poison.’ (Possibility) ‘The dog’s ill. He must have eaten some rat poison.’ (Strong Probability)

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Let’s look at three possibilities in English: « Juan should have gone to the doctor. He was coughing all night, but he refuses to go! » (He didn’t go) « Where’s Juan? » - « He had to go to the doctor. » Remember that ‘have to’ is not a Modal Verb. (He went) « Juan hasn’t come to work today. Do you know where he is? » - « He must have gone to the doctor. He was coughing yesterday. » (You are supposing)

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Read the situation and choose the most logical option or options. There may be 1, 2, 3, or 4 correct answers. You have to choose all possible options.

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Question 1-2/10 Paul didn't come to the party. It's a pity, because I __________ to see him. Could have liked Should have liked Would have liked Will have liked Of course we're lost! That map is ten years old at least. I told you we _____________ Tom's SatNav (GPS) Can have borrowed Could have borrowed Should have borrowed Might have borrowed

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3-4/10 I can't find my keys! They ______________ out of my pocket when I was getting out of the car. Should have fallen Must have fallen Might have fallen Had to fall Sarah says she's almost finished painting the house. And you believe her? I bet you that when we visit her at Christmas she ___________. Mustn't have finished Shouldn't have finished Wouldn't have finished Won't have finished

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I'm reading a murder mystery story by Agatha Christie. You have to guess who killed Sir Reginald. From what I have read, he __________ killed by the chambermaid, but you never know....... Can have been Can't have been Must have been Mustn't have been I didn't know they had divorced! I spent 5 minutes telling Helen how lucky she was to have a husband like David. You _________ me! Could have told Should have told Ought to have told Had to tell 5-6/10

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England _____________ the match if the referee hadn't been so obviously on Germany's side! Could have won Should have won Might have won Would have won How was your holiday in the Carribean ? Different! On the second and third day we had to stay indoors because we were hit by a hurricane.''Oh ! That _____________ terrifying!' Should have been Might have been Must have been Will have been 7-8/10

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No, Simon didn't want to take me to the interview, so I went by train. That's not fair! He ______________ you anyway, because he had to look after Granny.' Couldn't have taken Can't have taken Might not have taken Shouldn't have taken I haven't seen Rob. Hasn't he come today?''No, he hasn't. He ___________ told to work late.' Could have been Might have been May have been Must have been 9-10

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Open the brackets using the Modals in the Past. He (can) French. His French is terrible. The kids are calm today. They (must) tired. Although Leila was very hungry, she didn’t eat very much. She (can) the food. The phone is ringing. It (must) Mary. She promised she would call. John had a terrible accident. He (have) when the traffic lights were red. I don’t know you needed help. She (may) lazy studying. I didn’t know you needed help. You (shall, tell) me. I am so tired. I need some rest. I think I (shall, take) a week off. He (can, run) so fast when he was young. Nancy (can’t) on holiday. I have just met her in the street.