Исследовательская работа учащихся для научно - практической конференции "Поиск и творчество"
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МКУ «Управление образования Исполнительного комитета
Елабужского муниципального района»
МБОУ «Гимназия №1» Елабужского
муниципального района Республики Татарстан
Муниципальная ученическая научно-практическая конференция
«Поиск и творчество»
СЕКЦИЯ АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
Гений комедии – Леонид Гайдай
Исследовательская работа
Выполнена учениками 10 класса
МБОУ «Гимназия №1» ЕМР РТ
Осиповой Валерией,
Шайхезадиным Ильназом
Научный руководитель –
Мухамедова Лейсан Вазиховна,
учитель английского языка
первой квалификационной категории
МБОУ «Гимназия №1» ЕМР РТ
Елабуга, 2016
Table of contents:
1. Introduction.
2. The main part
2.1 The life and work of the great director. (Filmography).
2.2 From Shurik to Ostap Bender - the famous heroes of Gaidai comedies.
2.3 The catch phrases of the film directed by Leonid Gaidai.
2.4 Some interesting facts about the films directed by L. Gaidai.
3. Conclusion.
4. Bibliography.
Supplement
1. Introduction.
Cinema - is a favorite form of art, not only ex-Soviet citizens but also of all modern humans. Cinema gives you a wonderful opportunity to spend some time, another life in the given circumstances. Then go back in time, finding new strength for life and impetus to the struggle with reality. We are talking about this movie, and not the fake cheap substitutes. This kind of art is a powerful ideological factor logical impact on the society and its development. In Soviet times, Lenin often quoted phrase, that of all the arts for us cinema is the most important. In the management of the masses without a doubt the man knew a lot. 1 The majority of Soviet cinema films was characterized by educational and ideologically. Significant role played in films such edifying and educational function, they do not cause special interest taken by repetitive patterns that recur from time to time, they do not cause the entertainment component of the paintings to zero. Love in the movies with Charlie Chaplin director Leonid Gaidai did not want to follow this rule, hoping to remove the sparkling comedy and live. His dream, he brought to life. Such comedies as "The Diamond Arm", "Prisoner of the Caucasus" and "The New Adventures of Shurik", "Operation Y" star- whether rightly popular and really loved the audience of the Soviet and post-Soviet generations. Gaidai Creativity is an important milestone in the development of Soviet comedy. Stalled genre filmmaker regained its main advantages: ease and immediacy Zadornov. Therefore, his films are considered to be part of popular culture. In rolling the film "Diamond Hand" was released in June 1968 and brought Leonid Gaidai resounding success. 76.7 million viewers watched the film. This was a record number.
The relevance of research.
Genre comedy is widespread and has maintained its popularity since the beginning of cinema.
A significant number of comedies evidence of their significant role in different periods of the historical development of the cinema. The idea of moral re-education by means of the comic, is presented in the works on philosophy, I found a continuation in particular with regard to the comedy as a means to impact on the viewer and is accompanied by increased interest in the possibilities of the comic films. The positive impact of the comic works the viewer is one of the most popular themes in modern psychology. Saving in modern cinema trends to entertainment also includes the continuation of the active comic creation of audiovisual works. These conditions make it possible to talk about a comedy about the actual subject of scientific research. However, a detailed theoretical discussion of issues related to the system of expressive means comedy, may contribute to further the development of a variety of practical approaches to the creation of such works. Audio solution with specific principles of its organization in the comic films also applies to the field of active use of expressive means in the comedy genre. The coordinated work of the director, sound engineer and composer in this case must be based on an understanding of the nature of the sound component of an audiovisual work, opportunities and principles of its functioning as an element of film language comedy film.
The object of research are the films directed by Leonid Gaidai, containing humor, such as "The Diamond Arm", "Prisoner of the Caucasus", "Ivan Vasilyevich Changes Occupation", and in particular the words and expressions that have become winged and are widely used in speech.
The subject of the research subject of the study is to ascertain the wishes of the audience based on an analysis of national public opinions about comedies Gaidai, who were the leaders of the national view of the last decade.
The purpose of this study - to determine the level of popularity of the famous director of films.
To achieve the goal there are the following tasks:
1) To study the positive side view known comedies;
2) To find out which films Gaidai prefer children of secondary school age and adult generation;
3) To investigate how viewing comedies effect on the minds of children and adults;
4) To make a conclusion about the importance of watching your favorite famous cinema films.
2.1 The life and work of the great director. (Filmography)
Leonid Iovich Gaidai (Russian: Леони́д И́ович Гайда́й; 30 January 1923, Svobodny, Amur Oblast — 19 November 1993, Moscow) was one of the most popular Soviet comedy directors, enjoying immense popularity and broad public recognition in the former USSR & modern Russia. His movies broke theatre attendance records and are still some of the top-selling DVDs in Russia.
Early life and first success
Gaidai was born on January 30, 1923 in Svobodny, Amur Oblast where he is commemorated by a statue. His father Iov Isidorovich Gaidai came from a Ukrainian family of serfs of the Poltava Governorate. At the age of 22 he was sentenced to several years of prison for revolutionary activity and sent to the Far East to work at the railway. Leonid's mother Maria Ivanovna Lubimova was born in the Ryazan Oblast to Russian parents. She met Iov through her brother Egor, also a prisoner who sent her a photo of his friend along with a marriage proposal. After Gaidai's term expired, they settled down in the Amur Region where Gaidai continued working at the railway building site.
Leonid was the third kid in the family. His elder brother Alekzander (1919—1994) was a well-known poet and a war correspondent. Leonid took part in amateur dramatics since the young age. He graduated from school on August 20, 1941. In just two days the Great Patriotic War started. On February, 1942 he was enrolled to the Red Army. He first served in Mongolia, then finished sergeant courses, becoming a squad leader. He worked in the military intelligence. On December 20, 1942 Gaidai was awarded the Medal for Battle Merit for destroying three Nazi soldiers and taking hostages during the battle for Enkino village. On March 20, 1943 he was heavily injured after stepping on a land mine. He spent nine months in military hospitals. On January, 1944 he was sent home as war-disabled.
Leonid Gaidai attended the Moscow Institute of Cinematography. He married the actress, Nina Grebeshkova, who played minor roles in his future films. His first success came 6 years after graduation, with a segment of the Short film collection " Absolutely Seriously " (1961), which instantly became highly popular. In this movie Gaidai first introduces a comic trio of crooks –Yuri Nikulin, Georgy Vitsin, and Evgeny Morgunov who later appear in several of his other films. After his characters and directing style won the public's love, his name gained massive selling power in USSR's movie theatres
Genre brilliance
Between 1961 and 1975, Gaidai directed a number of top-selling movies, each one a huge financial success and becoming wildly popular in the Soviet Union. During these years, he filmed new adventures of the mischievous trio in The Bootleggers (1961), a film adaptation of O. Henry's short stories, Business People (1962), Operation Y and Other Shurik's Adventures(1965), and Kidnapping, Caucasian Style (1966). Following his break with Morgunov, Gaidai disbanded the trio, while casting Nikulin in what was to become the most popular Soviet comedy ever made, The Diamond Arm (1968).
A comic group in Gaidai's comedy Kidnapping, Caucasian Style (1966)
In the 1970s, Gaidai worked primarily with the comedians from his own studio group, which included Vitsin, Leonid Kuravlev, Mikhail Pugovkin, Savely Kramarov, Natalya Seleznyova, Natalya Krachkovskaya, and his wife Nina Grebeshkova. All this cast was featured in his film adaptation of Mikhail Zoshchenko's short stories, Impossible! (1975). He also filmed a play by Mikhail Bulgakov, Ivan Vasilievich: Back to the Future (1973), Ilf and Petrov's The Twelve Chairs(1971), Nikolai Gogol's The Government Inspector (1977), and Borrowing Matchsticks(1980), a story by the Finnish author Maiju Lassila.
Commercial success
Gaidai's top-grossing movie The Diamond Arm sold 76.7 million tickets in the Soviet Union alone, becoming the third highest-grossing Soviet film. At $8 per ticket (regular fare in an American movie theatre in 2005), it would have generated revenue comparable to the US box office champion Titanic. It was followed closely by Gaidai's other comedy films — Kidnapping, Caucasian Style (fourth place with 76.5 million viewers), Operation Y and Other Shurik's Adventures (seventh place with 69.6 million viewers) and Ivan Vasilievich: Back to the Future (17th place with 60.7 million viewers).
Due to the state-controlled nature of USSR movie industry, all revenue from movie sales went back into the state coffers. However, Gaidai personally received a small percentage of ticket sales as a government incentive. This didn't last long, though, since it soon became apparent that even with the tiny royalty offered he would quickly become a legal Soviet multimillionaire.
Later years
After 1975, Gaidai went into a period of significant decline; his only other notable work was a joint Soviet-Finnish film Borrowing Matchsticks (Russian: За спичками; Finnish: Tulitikkuja lainaamassa), completed in 1980. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, he directed only two more movies, capitalizing on the early Perestroika business activities and starring Dmitry Kharatyan. Gaidai has a cameo in the final one, There's Good Weather in Deribasovskaya, where he plays an old gambler who tries to beat the one-armed bandit. In real life, Gaidai was addicted to gambling. These proved the most popular of his works filmed after 1975 but lacked the success of his earlier work. Gaidai was made a People's Artist of the USSR several months before the Union's demise and died in Moscow on Friday November 19, 1993. He was buried at the Kuntsevo Cemetery.
Assessment
Gaidai remains most famous for the outstanding string of comedies he directed between 1961 and 1975, when 9 of the 10 movies he made became Russian classics, selling between 20 and 76 million movie tickets each, and becoming box office champions for several years in a row. Gaidai was a master of fast-paced comedy, his style and rhythm somewhat similar to Stanley Kramer's It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World. He is virtually unknown outside of the former Soviet Union, due to the specific nature of his comedies, intrinsically tied to Soviet culture and lifestyle – unlike the motives of the characters of Kramer's "Mad World" being easily understood by the Russian public, living in the highly materialistic world of late Soviet Union. Gaidai's only international recognition was a nomination for best short film at the 1961 Cannes Film Festival for "Medor, le chien qui rapportebien".
Filmography
2.2 From Shurik to Ostap Bender - the famous heroes of comedies directed by Gaidai
The Diamond Arm
The film « Life smugglers» with a prologue and epilogue. In the southern town of wielding gang of "money changers", led by the Chef and his assistant Earl. Modest Soviet employees and an exemplary family man Semen Semenovich Gorbunkov sent to a foreign cruise ship, which also floats Graf, who must pick up the diamonds in one of the eastern cities and smuggle them into the plastered hand. But due to a misunderstanding instead of a rogue on the appointed place falls unsuspecting Semen Semenovich and precious plaster is applied to it. This is where it all begins...
Going to one of the republics of the mountain to collect folklore, Shura protagonist falls in love with a pretty girl - "athlete, an excellent student, and just a beautiful woman." But it suddenly kidnapped to be forced to marry.
Naive Shura could not immediately figure out what was going on under his nose - but then bravely rushed to release "the captive" ...
Ivan Vasilievich: Back to the Future
Engineer and inventor Timofeev constructed a time machine, which connected his apartment with the distant sixteenth century - more precisely, to the chambers of the Emperor Ivan the Terrible. Return it and get the namesake of the king-retired public man Ivan Bunsha and a thief George Miloslavsky.
In their place, in the twentieth century "moved" great sovereign. Damage to the machine leads to a variety of unexpected and amusing events ...
2.3 The most popular catch phrases of the film directed by Leonid Gaidai
The Diamond Arm
And if you will not take - off the gas!
We do not care!
And in the game be?
And you do not have the same, but with a pen ... with pearl buttons?
I will beat gently, but firmly!
Yes, no, I'm not a coward. But I am afraid
Babies - ice cream, baba - flowers
If the person is an idiot, it's a long time!
For others, even non-drinkers to drink, and ulcer
As one friend of mine - a dead man: "I knew too much"
Who will pack of tickets ...
Flick of the wrist trousers turn, turn ... turn trousers pants ...
Lelik, but no hands, I will fix everything!
Maybe I was even rewarded. Posthumously!
Our people in the bakery on the taxi ride
I'm not guilty!
There is no man who at least an hour would not have dreamed of being a bachelor
Caught! - Who is he? - Mug!
Guys, in its place was supposed to be me
Rousseau tourists, look morale, fershteyn ?!
That c'est la vie, as they say they ...
May you live on one salary!
Shobe you hanged! Schaub, I saw you in a coffin in white sneakers!
Clear - pal!
Slipped.Fell, a closed fracture, fainted, woke up - gypsum?
Ivan Vasilievich
I am the king!
Ah, the beauty of Lepa noblewoman, chervlёna lips brovmi the Union
Everything, everything, Shaw has acquired overwork, died yet
Yes, overseas caviar - eggplant
If you were my wife, I would have hung
Welcome, O king, is very nice. The king, very nice. King
And all the while you are in the works, all in the works, the great emperor, like a bee
Kazan took, took Astrakhan, Revel took ... Shpak did not take
Lepota!
I was again plagued by vague doubts
Leave me, an old woman, I am in sorrow
What do you mean? I ask you, are you on that, royal face, hinting at?
What do you want a dog?
Kidnapping, Caucasian Style
To live, as they say, is good. - A good life is even better! - Exactly!
Bambarmiyakergudu!
Be kind - slow down, I zapissuyu
Long live our court - the most humane court in the world!
Yes wither his carburetor for ever and ever!
Or I'm her to the registry office, or it leads me to the prosecutor
I have the desire to buy a house but do not have the opportunity. I have the opportunity to buy a goat, but I have no desire. So here's to ensure that our desires coincide with our opportunities
Beauty, female athlete! And for all this, I ask 25 sheep
They do not speak in Russian, but understand
Birdy sorry!
Hey, sorry, I swear, shame, well. Nothing did, yes
Whose shoe?
This student, a Komsomol member, an athlete, finally, it is simply beautiful!
Operation "Y" and other adventures Shurik
- Half liter?- Half liter. - In smithereens ... - Of course, in smithereens. - Yes, I love you for it!
Where's grandma?
A compote?
Oh, you're a sighted! Who will be blind!
If I get up, you have me lie down
What is what the mother?
You must Fedya, you must!
Well, the citizens of alcoholics, idlers, bullies
Announce the entire list, please
Look, you have accidents on the construction site have?
Professor, of course, burdock, but equipment prinёmmm, prinёmmm!
Exam for me is always a holiday, Professor!
2.4 Some interesting facts about the films of L. Gaidai
"Operation" Y "and other adventures Shurik"
In 1965, rolling out comedy "Operation" Y "and other adventures Shurik." This film was shot in four cities: Moscow, Leningrad, Baku and Odessa. Before the start of shooting the script, according to tradition, took place the statement "at the top". Censors ideologues were not given permission to start the process, until the protagonist is named Vlad. As a result, Leonid Gaidai agreed to rename the student, calling him Shurik. It is known that this role auditioned many actors. Among them were Vitaly Solomin, Yevgeny Petrosyan, Sergei Nikonenko, Yevgeny Zharikov, Zbruev Alexander and Andrei Mironov. Initially, Leonid Gaidai approved for the role of Valeria nose, but after seeing a photo of Alexander Demyanenko, he realized that he had found the ideal candidate. A Spout played a cameo role-gambler student. On "Mosfilm" like to remember the story of how a figure criticized Gaidai Natalia Selezneva. The young actress was angry at his remark, and as proof of their harmony shot sundress. Interestingly, the operators command "Action!", So the scene strip has been given in advance there was very natural.
"Prisoner of the Caucasus"
This movie could not be born if Leonid Gaidai not read the article about the stolen bride in Transcaucasia. Today it is difficult to imagine, but the first comedy for censorship reasons, sent to gather dust in the archives. It was only thanks to a happy coincidence, "Prisoner of the Caucasus", "I went to the people." One of the first viewers of the film was the Secretary General Leonid Brezhnev, was shown a comedy, hinting that it has moments of seditious, defamatory party leaders. In particular, the censors were unhappy with the provocative phrase, "And in the neighboring district of the groom stole a Party member!". But the head of state appreciated the humor Gaidai, this was a pass to wide screen.
"The Diamond Arm"
The idea of the script for this comedy Leonid Gaidai also came while reading the newspaper. The "Truth" director found an article on the fight against the smugglers, who were taken abroad valuables in a cast. As in the "Caucasian captive", invented Gaidai in the film role to Yury Nikulin. The artist even had to take a six-month leave of absence in the circus, to embody the director intended. And some began to panic when a rumor that Nikulin died. Culprit "duck" became a hotel maid who discovered fake actor's body, covered with a sheet. He prepared for the scene in which Simon Gorbunkov falls from the trunk of "Moskvich", flying in a helicopter. I had to urgently to reassure the public and to show a live actor.
"12 chairs"
In 1971, viewers saw a new creation by Leonid Gaidai - the comedy "12 chairs". The director was very fond of this work by I. Ilf and E. Petrov, and when he got permission to shoot, the script was ready in just one week. About the film "12 chairs" aware of the fact that the director wanted to use as props these chairs work Gambs wizard. It was possible to find only one of them, but the owner of the rarity agreed not to sell it. As a result, it was necessary to create an exact copy. Chairs ordered abroad - in the USSR there were no artists who have managed to recreate the furniture masterpiece.
"Ivan Vasilievich"
1973. Again admirers Leonid Gaidai tend to theaters to see his new comedy "Ivan Vasilievich". Interestingly, and to her, as well as the earlier film director, were also complaints from the censors. Gaidai had to change the king's phrase about the place of residence. At first it sounded like "Moscow Kremlin". As a result, after criticism, John V. asked the policeman replied that he lives in the wards.
3. Conclusion
At the beginning of our research work we have put the problem - to find out how relevant are the comedy directed by L. Gaidai among the young, middle-aged and adult generation. Studying the literature, we found out that Leonid Gaidai - one of the brightest stars of the Soviet cinema and unlike most films that take a more mature age, the brightest comedies by Leonid Gaidai children begin to take at school. During the observations, we found that they enjoy his films no less today, and humor in comedies by L. Gaidai is brilliant and unique. And when anyone wants to dispel depression, aside from the problems he tries to calm himself, again and again looking famous comedies "The Diamond Arm", "Kidnapping. Caucasian Style", "It Can't Be!"
The observations helped us verify the accuracy of the hypothesis: generations change, but they remain relevant, funny and family.
The practical significance of this work lies in the fact that the collected materials can be used by students and teachers for additional classes in other subjects.
Thus, the research problems are solved, the goal is reached, put forward the problem clear. And the L. Gaidai is not only one of the most popular, but also the most mysterious Soviet filmmaker.
That's right someone recently said, the film director like Leonid Gaidai will not be born soon.
4. Bibliography
1. «Леонид Гайдай. Иркутские страницы» (Владимир Березин)
Ресурсы Интернета:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonid_Gaidai
http://www.kinopoisk.ru/film/44745/
http://www.kinopoisk.ru/film/46225/
http://www.kinopoisk.ru/film/42664/
Conclusion: The majority of respondents have a positive attitude to the Gaidai's films and respect his work. Among the surveyed people from 16 years, the percentage of negative responses is insignificant, as well as other criteria. The younger generation of up to 14 years of poorly versed in the Gaidai's films.
Зимняя ночь. Как нарисовать зимний пейзаж гуашью
Браво, Феликс!
Плавает ли канцелярская скрепка?
Никто меня не любит
Зимняя сказка