Исследовательская работа н а тему "Известные деятели культуры .Юрий Никулин ".

Secondary School of village Lukov Kordon

Research Work

«The men of Art»

Made Davletova El’vina 8th form

Salimova Gul’naz 8th form.

Nikulin was born December 18, 1921 in the city of Smolensk region Demidov in the actorss”family in the local drama theater of artists - Vladimir A. and Lydia Nikulin. When  Jura was four, his parents moved to Moscow. Vladimir A. dwelt literary work - writing and miniature circus reprise one time worked as a correspondent in the newspaper "Izvestia" and "Whistle".

 In the first five years of the baby was taken to the circus, the presented him stunned, especially liked the clowns, and he decided - when he will  grow up, he believes to become a clown. Time has made adjustments to the child's dream - a schoolboy Yuri Nikulin seriously thinking about theater. Debut in first class - a holiday concert performed the role of peas, excitement mixed up all the words and prompting laughter. this reputation comedian Jura and began his acting career - with pleasure involved in school drama club, and then in the drama circle at the House of Art Education of children, led by artist Transfiguration.

  Parents craze son fervently supported. Father invented for boy clowning, rehearsed with him, his advice was invaluable. The future seemed quite clear youth. But immediately after graduation, in the autumn of 1939, George called up for military service, demobilization period accounted for 1941 ... of course it was canceled. Sergeant Nikulin went through the war, received three combat medals, and, of course, could not change yourself - organized initiative, acting as an entertainer, singer and clown.

 In 1946, demobilized, Yuri took the documents the Film Institute. Not accepted because nestandarstnoy appearance - nefotogenichen! Rejected it and GITIS and School Shchepkin and theater MGSPS (now theater Mossovet), which then announced a set of actors in the supporting cast. Fortunately the thought came to apply to the studio conversational genre at the Moscow Circus, circus workshop scored director Alexander Fedorovich. However, at the same time Nikulin inertia taking exams in the studio Chamber Theater, where suddenly it was adopted, but, after some deliberation, on the advice of his father chose the circus and never regretted it.

 Nikulin became the first partner of Boris Romanov. Another student Nikulin participated in some roadshow in the group a pencil and in 1948, after the end of the studio, along with Romanov accepted the invitation of Mikhail Nikolayevich join his team. But after a few months left from Romanov pencil. Do Nikulin goes well duet with Michael Shuydin - in 1950 they began to work independently, to act at the circus for nearly thirty years, first as buffoonery clowns since 1958 - as clowns.

 And, characteristically, Nikulin, for the first time to enter the arena in a red wig and nose with contact, eventually abandoned this traditional Grimm - his very expressive face was a natural mask like a clown, so later and cinematic (in the first comedy Gaidai)

In the arena Nikulin has created an unforgettable image - his Eureka phlegmatic, close, rustic and very charming bumpkin wearing a tight jacket and boater, was the archetype of the famous Goonies gaydaevskoy cult comic series ("Bootleggers," "Quite seriously" - short story "Dog Mongrel and unusual cross ", 1961 .;" Operation "Y" and other adventures Shurik "- short story" Operation "Y", 1965 .; "Kidnapping, Caucasian Style", 1966). After the first of the films this series in the minds of viewers and Yura Goonies merged into one mask, Eureka Goonies immediately became a favorite of the public.

 Without exaggeration, one can say that Gaidai visited truly brilliant insight, for when he came up with his debut short film (and managed to pick up exactly the actors) purely clown trio Coward - Goonies - Experienced. On the one hand, this trio joined basic human types: Weak - Stupid - Strong and on the other, these masks, dates back to the traditions of the culture of folk humor, in the early sixties proved to be extremely "at the time."

 Then in the Soviet cinema was a significant upgrade of cinematic language and change the concept of the hero - for the first time on screen talking about the importance of the human person as such, regardless of its social role in society, the human right to their own privacy. Gaydaevskaya pretty hilarious trio living the way you want, not associated with any social prescriptions, really inwardly free and self-sufficient (though all her adventures and ended in the police) in the form of accumulated podsputnye comedy folk dreaming about it freely, outside the social existence of the internal opposition to any social pressure from outside. And soon the other directors were willing to include in his paintings with scenes adventures resilient friends - they even appeared in the cartoon ("The Bremen Town Musicians," 1969, directed by Inessa Kovalevskaya).

The brightest of the trio was without a doubt, Nikulin - and not only because of his experience accumulated virtuoso clown technique and surprisingly organic. Nikulin - one of those rare actors who has a special personal magnetism. He came to the cinema with its own theme, and though, by and large, played not so many roles, not one passage he was not - even in the episodes, even in the "Wick" or "Jumble" at the minimum initial dramaturgical mateiale he always managed to create a memorable character, deciding role in acute plastic figure, just entering his hero in the space of its domestic microcosm. Skazalsya- still experience daily leave the arena - Nikulin, possessing the gift iprovizatsii perfectly mastered his body, feeling every thing, every thing, every household item (somehow involved in orbatu existence of his character) as "live" partner, with whom he could at any time to start a "game". In this second, almost circus game, laconic gesture in maskoobraznym almost devoid of facial expressions expressive face immediately designated convex nature of the character is compressed props.

 Thus, despite his "clown" texture, juicy grotesque specificity, Nikulin was completely natural in any genre. And with its breakneck comic gegami (adventures of the same Goonies), and in a tragic situation sacrificial heroism (the story of the monk in Patrickeyev "Andrei Rublev, 1966, directed by Andrei Tarkovsky), the actor said of his characters in a double exposure - from concrete history is quite specific nedotepistogo bumpkin referring viewers to the depths of ancestral memory.

 He played a variety of characters, to his credit - a respectable family man, dropping hapless drunk, silly parasite, writer (that is interesting - no villain!). All of them, and parasites, crooks and drunks, policemen and soldiers, carrying their chesto difficult service, simplicity and actor bestowed some naive cunning, eccentric and childlike trust in life itself. It was something of a folk and Ivan the Fool, and from ordinary hard workers, what about the thousands. He had only to appear in the frame, as he immediately attracted attention unusual appearance and the same for the viewer instantly becomes "their" due wholly recognizable facial features.

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