STREET-ART IN ENGLISH SPEAKING CONTRIES

Пилипец Мария

г. о. Коломна, МБОУ Гимназия №2 «Квантор», 9 класс

УчительИЯ – Ю. Е. Кудинова

STREET-ART IN ENGLISH SPEAKING CONTRIES.

Street art is an unusual form of artwork that is displayed in a community on its surrounding buildings, streets, and other any publicly viewed surfaces. The work has moved from the beginnings of graffiti and vandalism to new modes where artists work to bring messages, or just simple beauty, to an audience.

Street art originated in Philadelphia when, in the mid-1960s, inscriptions appeared on the buildings, later called "tags". Tags^[a] got to New York, and in the late 1960s spread everywhere. They could be seen even on the walls of subway cars^[b].

Some artists simply see urban space as an untapped format for personal artwork, while others may appreciate the challenges and risks that are associated with installing illicit artwork in public places^[c]. Street artists use different tools for communicating with everyday people, asking questions about social matters and expressing political concerns. That is why street art often refers to an unsanctioned art as opposition to government initiatives, and can be a powerful platform for reaching the public and acute issues^[d]. Street artists do their work for a reason. Some of them do not like artists who make so much money in galleries and museums. They choose street art because it is closer to the people. Some artists try to express their political opinion in their work. They often want to protest against big firms and corporations. Others like to do things that are forbidden and hope they don’t get caught.

The Internet has had a big influence on street art. Street artists can show their work to people all over the world. Different web sites have thousands of pictures of street art from all over the world^[e]. Also, artists and fans can communicate with each other and exchange ideas.

There are lots of talented famous artists that have big fan bases and popularity. We are going to talk about some of them.

Swoon^[f]

Swoon is a mixed media artist who specializes in life-size wheatpaste prints and paper cutouts of human figures. Originally known for her street art, she studied at the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, receiving a BA in fine arts in 2002. She started to gain recognition for her street art around 1999 and large-scale installations soon thereafter; Swoon's most famous piece, Anthropocene Extinction, includes her signature human forms made from recycled newspaper^[g]. The process takes weeks to paint and cut out every figure in her studio. When she is finished, she transports the piece to the streets, where she glues the pieces onto buildings using wheat paste. Swoon regularly creates works depicting people, often her friends and family, on the streets around the world. She usually pastes her pieces on uninhabited locations such as abandoned buildings, bridges, fire escapes, water towers and street signs. Swoon likes how her work changes slowly after it is outside for a while. The art slowly disappears because of the effects of time, sun and rain. She also enjoys the freedom of expression which street art permits. And people enjoy Swoon’s strong and imaginative pictures. In fact, the Museum of Modern Art in New York City has bought several of her works^[h].

Conor Harrington^[i]

Born in Cork but currently based in London, Conor Harrington is known for his boundary-blurring murals that have popped up on walls in countries from Brazil to Denmark. Harrington uses realistic images of people and combines them with abstract elements that incorporate a meaning and story that relate to the events unfolding at the time. His pieces have been called dreamlike with the balance between the senses and then the realism of the figures in the piece.Conor^[j] Harrington has gained recognition for his unique style, which includes features of street art, graffiti and classical painting. The artist creates complex multi-layered compositions that combine bright images of the past and acute problems of modernity. The elegance of easel art and expressive courage of street art-this is how you can describe his work^[k].

Shepard Fairey ^[l]

Frank Shepard Fairey is an American contemporary street artist, graphic designer, activist, illustrator and founder of OBEY Clothing. He became widely known during the 2008 U.S. presidential election for his Barack Obama "Hope" poster^[m]. The Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston has described him as one of the best known and most influential street artists. Shepard Fairey is best known for two works in the style of pop art, playing out the hyped media images. First created in 1986, was a portrait of the French wrestler Andre "the Giant" Roussimoff. Under the wrestler the phrase "GIANT HAS A POSSE" (the Giant has a crowd), in the second option reduced to the word "OBEY" flaunted^[n]»

The most famous painting of the FAE-the work "Hope" (Hope), which is dedicated to us President Barack Obama^[o]. FAE fulfilled it in 2008, during Obama's election campaign. The author hesitated for some time between several versions of the signature, but eventually settled on "Hope". The poster not only glorified its Creator, but also influenced the mood of voters. Motives of "Hope" were used in the creation of political posters and after the elections.

In addition to these paintings,Shepard Fairey owns a number of art posters on socialism, religion, music and ecology^[p].

Banksy^[q]

Banksy is an anonymous England-based street artist, vandal, political activist, and film director. His satirical street art and subversive epigrams combine dark humour with graffiti executed in a distinctive stenciling technique. Thanks to the talent of the artist and the acute social themes of his paintings Banksy quickly gained popularity first in England and then around the world.His works of political and social commentary have been featured on streets, walls, and bridges of cities throughout the world^[r]. Banksy's work grew out of the Bristol underground scene, which involved collaborations between artists and musicians. Banksy displays his art on publicly visible surfaces such as walls and self-built physical prop pieces.His style is universally familiar, founded on a signature stencil aesthetic that has elevated him from mere man with a spray can to a highly creative artist in his own right^[s]. Banksy does not sell photographs or reproductions of his street graffiti, but art auctioneers have been known to attempt to sell his street art on location and leave the problem of its removal in the hands of the winning bidder.October 5, 2018 at Sotheby's auction was bought the painting "Girl with a balloon." The exclusivity of the fact is that immediately after the end of trading the picture was cut into pieces in front of the bidders — it went through a shredder built into the frame. On his website, Banksy explained that the destroyer built into the frame of the picture a few years ago, and the reason for this is that "the desire for destruction is also a creative impulse" Hidden in the frame of the picture paper shredder worked only partially, the result of the action became a new art object, called "Love in the trash", and according to observers, has risen twice.