ГМО:пища будущего или риск для здоровья?

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ, МОЛОДЕЖНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ И СПОРТА БУТУРЛИНСКОГО МУНИЦИПАЛЬНОГО РАЙОНА

МАОУ Бутурлинская СОШ имени В.И. Казакова

РАЙОННАЯ НАУЧНО – ПРАКТИЧЕСКАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ "СТАРТ В НАУКУ"

СЕКЦИЯ: «Иностанный язык».

ТЕМА РАБОТЫ

“GMOs: food of the future or a health risk? “

Выполнили: ученицы  10 А  класса

Курагина Надежда Дмитриевна

Кротова  Дарья  Владиславовна

Научный руководитель:

Завражнова Анастасия Александровна

учитель  английского языка,

первой квалификационной категории

Бутурлино, 2017

TABLE of CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...3

CHAPTER I. Theoretical content..........................................................................................................5

1.1. What is GMO? ..................................... ……………………………….5

1.2. The history of GMO... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...............................................5

1.3. GMO: harm or benefit? ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..................6

CHAPTER II. Practical work ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .8

2.1. Conducting a questionnaire with a view to identifying

the ratio of students to GMOS ... ... ... .... ……………………………………8

2.2. Сonducting training on the theme "lessons GMO harm or benefit?" .........................................................................................................................8

2.3.A second questioning ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ....9

CONCLUSION ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..10

LIST OF LITERATURE ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 11

ANNEX 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12

Introduction

"Its history mankind uses in food a foreign protein.

But no one person has not yet grown fishtail or cow horns.

With the exception of the unfaithful spouse. " D.I. Mendeleev on GMOS.

Today in many countries (Russia included) the concept of GMO turned practically equivalent concepts "foods that cause mutations and tumors. GMO dowsed in mud on all sides and on various occasions: unsafe, tasteless food, threatened the independence of the country. Today we try to understand what a GMO and dispel all the myths about it.

The relevance of this subject due to the fact that more and more people are thinking about what they eat and how it affects their health.

The purpose of the research is to understand what a GMO and dispel all the myths about it.

To achieve the goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:

· questioning of pupils with a view to identifying the extent of their knowledge about GMO products, analyze and systemize results of questionnaire students;

· get acquainted with the history of the GMOs;

· tell students to all the pros and cons of GMOS.

The object of the research: the level of awareness among schoolchildren about GMOS.

Subject of research: the impact of GMOS on the body.

Hypothesis: perhaps if better understand how to get products GMO-FREE, then we can understand how it affects the human body

Research methods used in the work:

-study of literature on the subject of research,

-questionnaires,

-analysis,

-comparison,

-classification,

-synthesis,

-descriptive method.

Methods of processing materials research:

-tables

-verbal description.

Chapter I. Theoretical content.

1.1. What is GMO?

GMO -genetically modified organism. The development of GMOS is engaged in genetic engineering and special artificial methods makes changes to the genotype of an organism.

These changes are most often produced in the sphere of science, and the term "GMOS" may be applied to plants, animals and micro-organisms.

In a narrow sense, the concept applies to plants. Early breeders had to seek certain useful properties of plants using different tweaks: vaccinations cuttings of some trees on the other or selection for planting seeds of plants only with certain qualities, and then long and hard to wait results that Stojko manifested only through a couple of generations of plants. Today, you can transfer the desired gene into the right place and get what you want. Thus, the GMO is the acceleration of the evolution and direction of her in the right direction.

1.2 History of GMO

The origins of the development of genetically engineered plants lie in the year 1977, when there was an opening, allowing the use of soil micro-organism Agrobacterium tumefaciens as a means of introducing foreign genes to other plants. In 1987 year were produced the first field trials of genetically modified crops. As a result — tomato resistant to viral infections. In 1992, China began growing tobacco, which is "not afraid" of harmful insects.

1994-Rd is considered the official year of birth of GM-foods.

Monsanto Company (Monsánto) — transnational company, a world leader in plant biotechnology. The main products are genetically modified corn seeds, soybean, cotton, as well as the most commonly used herbicide in the world «Raundáp», founded  by John Francis Khouini in 1901 as a purely chemical company. The key to this transformation became the 1996 year when Monsanto simultaneously released to the market the first genetically altered crops: soybeans transgennuju with a new sign "Raundáp Rjédi" and "Bollgard cotton, resistant to insects. The huge success of this and subsequent of similar  products on agricultural market United States stimulated the company to move from traditional chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry at production of new seed varieties.

As a result there is potatoes, which contains genes from bacteria,  the Earth kills Colorado beetle, drought resistant wheat, in which implanted gene Scorpion, tomatoes with genes of plaice, soybeans and strawberries with bacteria genes.

1.3. GMOS: harm or benefit?

Despite the results of continuous research scientists and specialists with followed by a small probability of the presence of hazardous substances in products with GMO, there is ample evidence, both in their favor and in favour of rejecting the use of genetically modified products.

Useful GMO parties include:

· The use of GMOs in agricultural industry increases the percentage of plants that are resistant to pests, insects and diseases that affect the final number of obtained products;

· GMO plants resistant to high and low temperatures, that allows to adapt previously not suitable land for cultivation of many crops;

· The use of GMO allows to improve the structures of plants, add them with useful properties;

· Ready for human consumption of GMO products have a bright flavor characteristics, compared to the products without their use;

· GMO foods stay fresh for a long time;

· Use of GMOS can solve problems with delivery and direct distribution of food in areas where it is lacking;

· Genetically modified food has superior chemical composition, which many products can be used as medicines. For example, there is a special kind of rice-Golden, which thanks to British rocket scientist exceeded composition of vitamin "A" nearly 20 times that allows you to fight vitamin A, so prevalent in developing countries.

Many people who refuse to use genetically modified organisms in favor of ordinary, citing the following arguments:

· The unpredictable effect of eating foods GMO. An example is the potato with genotype Snowdrop embedded for resistance to pests. Thanks to the modification of potato crop comes out rich, but all products are saturated with vegetable lectin, which in turn adversely affect the immune system, kidney, liver, intestine;

· The emergence of environmental disaster through penetration of GMO plants natural Wednesday;

· The occurrence of allergic reactions in humans on products that previously have not called her. For example, in the chemical composition of tomato gene is present in fish, but it is so small that the human body with an allergy to fish it simply does not feel. In case of increase of the presence of the fish gene in the same tomatoes is contained, people who suffer from allergy have to strike out another product from your diet;

· The constant use of GMO products leads to a sustainable response to the action of antibiotics and therefore in a crisis situation, when you need taking antibiotics, they may simply not act and do not stabilize the human condition.

CHAPTER II. Practical work

2.1. Conducting a questionnaire with a view to identifying relevant students to GMOS.

We conducted a questionnaire (annex 1) among   students of grades 9th MAOU Buturlinskoj SCHOOL named after Kazakova. Through the questionnaire, we found that only 10 of the 50 students know what GMOS, 38 people believe GMOS are harmful to their health and 34 student feel that they do not use GM products.

Chart 1

2.2. Сonducting training on the theme "lessons GMO harm or benefit»

Many students were invited after questioning pass training lesson on the topic "GMO harm or benefit?", where we explained the definition of GMO, its history, origin and spoke about the harm and benefit of GM products. Everyone enjoyed visiting our lesson. Students learned a lot of useful information on this topic.

2.3. A second questionnaire.

After learning the lesson we conducted repeated questioning, to learn how our lesson influenced the opinion of schoolchildren. The results you can see in Chart 2.

Chart 2

CONCLUSION

As a result of our work, we learned what is the GMO and dispelled all the myths about it.

So we decided to set tasks:

· conducted questioning of pupils with a view to identifying the extent of their knowledge about GMO products, analyzed and systematized the results of questioning students;

· acquainted with the history of the GMOs;

· told students about all the pros and cons of GMOs;

LIST OF LITERATURE

1.http://zdravotvet.ru/rasshifrovka-gmo-vred-ili-polza-dlya-cheloveka-spisok-geneticheski-modificirovannyx-produktov/

2.http://notefood.ru/pitanie/obshhie-voprosy/gmo-chto-eto-takoe.html

3. https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/

4. https://infourok.ru/biblioteka

5. academic.ru

Annex 1