Творческая работа "Россия"

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1. State structure 2 . Head of state 3. The Population Of Russia 4. Russia

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State structure Russia is a state with a Federal structure. The Russian Federation consists of 83 equal subject of the Federation, including 21 republics, 9 territories, 46 regions, 2 cities of Federal value, 1 Autonomous region, 4 Autonomous. System of organs of state power of the subjects of the Federation is determined by the General principles established by the Federation. Each area has a legislative (representative) body (Parliament, legislative Assembly and Executive authority (government). In many there is also a post of the Supreme official of the President, governors)who are authorized legislative authorities of the subject of Federation upon nomination by the President of Russia and can occupy his post unlimited number of times. Russia is also divided in 8 Federal districts, each of which runs the Plenipotentiary representative of the President of Russia. Subjects of the Federation have its own administrative-territorial division. As a rule, the main administrative-territorial units in the structure of the subject of the Federation, the regions and the city of regional (Republican, regional, district) values.

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Head of state The head of state is the President of Russia , he is elected by popular vote for a period of 6 years. According to the current Constitution, he has a number of important powers: in charge of foreign policy, is the Supreme commander of the Armed forces and shall appoint with the consent of the State Duma the Chairman of the government, takes decision about resignation of the Government. On the proposal of the Chairman of the government appoints the Deputy Prime Ministers and Federal Ministers, and relieves them of their offices. The President heads the security Council, appoints and dismisses commanders of the Armed forces . He h as the right to propose to the State Duma a candidature to the post of the Chairman of the Central Bank (not part of the Government). In the event of aggression or direct threat of aggression the President has the right to declare martial law throughout the country or in specific areas, but shall immediately notify its decision to the Federal Assembly. Has the right to the issuance of decrees that are obligatory for execution in all territory of Russia (decrees must not contradict the Federal laws). Has a number of other powers. The President may be impeached by the Federation Council, subject to the nomination of the State Duma of treason or Commission of another grave crime and the existence of positive opinions of the Supreme and constitutional courts.

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The Population Of Russia According to the results of a national census, carried out in October 2010, the population of Russia amounted to 142 905 200 people. Russia, therefore, is the most populated country in Europe and ranks ninth in the world by the number of inhabitants. Moscow is the capital and the largest city in Russia with a population of more than 11.8 million people The average population density is (based on census 2010) about of 8.36 persons per km2, the population is very unevenly: 78 % of Russians live in the European part of Russia, which is less than 25 % of the territory. Among the subjects of the Federation the highest population density is registered in Moscow - more than 4626 persons per km2, the lowest - in the Autonomous district of Chukotka - less than 0.07 persons per km2. The share of urban population in 2010 was 73 %[122]. As of 1 January 2013 166 cities have a population of more than 100 thousand people. Of these 15 cities have a population of more than 1 million people[123]: Moscow - 11 979 529 people; Saint-Petersburg - 5 028 000 people; Novosibirsk - 1 523 801 persons; Ekaterinburg - 1 396 074 people; Nizhny Novgorod - 1 259 921 persons; Kazan - 1 176 187 people; Samara - 1 171 598 persons; Omsk - 1 160 670 people; Chelyabinsk - 1 156 471 people; Rostov-on-don - 1 103 700 persons; Ufa - 1 077 719 people. Volgograd - 1 018 790 people. Krasnoyarsk - 1 016 385 people. Perm - 1 013 890 people. Voronezh - 1 003 638 people.

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Russia The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies about one-seventh of the earth`s surface. It covers the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia. Its total area is about 17 million square kilometers. The country is washed by 12 seas of 3 oceans : the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic. In the south Russia borders on China, Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the west it borders on Norway, Finland, the Baltic States, Belarus and the Ukraine. It also has a sea-border with the USA. There is hardly a country in the world where such a variety of scenery and vegetation can be found. There are steppes in the south, plans and forests in the midland, tundra and taiga in the north, highlands and deserts in the east. There are two great plains in Russia : the Great Russian Plain and the West Siberian Lowland. There are several mountain chains on the territory of the country : the Urals, the Caucasus, the Altai and others. The largest mountain chain, the Urals, separates Europe from Asia. There are over two million rivers in Russia. Europe`s biggest river, the Volga, flows into the Caspian Sea. The main Siberian rivers – the Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena – flow from the south to the north. The Amur in the Far East flows into the Pacific Ocean. Russia is rich in beautiful lakes. The world`s deepest lake (1,600 metres ) is Lake Baikal. It is mush smaller than the Baltic Sea, but there is mush more water in it than in the Baltic Sea. The water in lake is so clear than if you look down you can see the stones on the bottom. Russia has one-sixth of the world`s forests. They concentrated in the European north of the country, in Siberia and the Far East. One the vast territory of the country there are various types of climate, from arctic in the north to subtropical in the south. In the middle of the country the climate is temperate and continental. Russia is rich in oil, coal, iron, ore, natural gas, copper, nickel and other mineral resources. Russia is parliamentary republic. The Head of State is the President. The legislative power is exercised by the Duma. The capital of Russia is Moscow. It is its largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial center. It is one of the oldest Russian cities. Today there are a lot of opportunities for this country to become one of the leading countries in the world. It has great past and promising future.