Практическая работа по теме TRANSPORT
методическая разработка

Практическая работа по теме TRANSPORT

Vocabularу

movement  - перемещение

location - местоположение

vehicle - транспортное средство

fixed installation – стационарное оборудование

pipeline - канал

terminal – конечный пункт

warehouse – товарный склад

trucking terminal – стоянка грузовика

cargo - груз

helicopter - вертолет

aircraft - самолет

mode - вид (транспорта)

scheduled service  - обслуживание по расписанию

freight – перевозка грузов

bulk transport – транспорт для перевозки насыпного груза

to subsidize - финансировать

traffic flow – транспортный поток

to restrain - сдерживать

urban sprawl – разрастание города

ad hoc - специальный

daily commuting – ежедневные поездки из пригорода на работу

propulsion – движущая сила

multinational - многонациональный

concern - проблема, вопрос

to handle - управлять

short-haul – небольшое растояние

to supplement - дополнять

pollution - загрязнение

to involve - касаться

capability - способность

to impose – облагать налогом

purchase - покупка

to depart - отправляться

to interchange - обмениваться

impracticable - невыполнимый

Text A. Transport

Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, rail, road, water, cable, pipeline, and space. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles, and operations.

Transport infrastructure consists of the fixed installations necessary for transport, and may be roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals and pipelines, and terminals such as airports, railway stations, bus stations, warehouses, trucking terminals, refueling depots (including fueling docks and fuel stations), and seaports. Terminals may be used both for interchange of passengers and cargo and for maintenance.

Vehicles travelling on these networks may include automobiles, bicycles, buses, trains, trucks, people, helicopters, and aircraft. Operations deal with the way the vehicles are operated, and the procedures set for this purpose including financing, legalities and policies. In the transport industry, operations and ownership of the infrastructure can be either public or private, depending on the country and the mode.

Passenger transport may be public, where operators provide scheduled services, or private. Freight transport has become focused on containerization, although bulk transport is used for large volumes of durable items. Transport plays an important part in the economic growth and globalization, but most types cause air pollution and use large amounts of land.

While it is heavily subsidized by governments, good planning of transport is essential to make traffic flow, and restrain urban sprawl.

A mode of transport is a solution that makes use of a particular type of vehicle, infrastructure and operation. The transport of a person or of cargo may involve one mode or several modes, with the latter case being called intermodal or multimodal transport. Each mode has its advantages and disadvantages, and will be chosen for a trip on the basis of cost, capability, route, and speed.

Ex. 1. Answer the questions on the text:

1. What is transport?

2. What do modes of transport include?

3. What can the field be divided into?

4. What does the transport infrastructure consist of?

5. What vehicles may travel on these networks?

6. What do operations deal with?

7. What does ownership of infrastructure depend on?

8. What transport is considered to be public?

9. What has freight transport become focused on?

10. Why does transport play an important part in the economic growth and globalization?

11. What solution makes use of a particular type of vehicle?

12. What modes may the transport of a person or of cargo involve?

Ex.2. Choose the appropriate variant:

1. Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one ... to another.

a) terminal b) place c) country d) location

2. ... of transport include air, rail, road, water, cable, pipeline, and space.

a) modes b) infrastructure c) field d) operation

3. Terminals may be used both for interchange of passengers and ... and for maintenance.

a) goods b) freight c) cargo d) riders

4. Vehicles travelling on the ... may include automobiles, bicycles, buses, trains, trucks, people, helicopters, and aircraft.

a) roads b) networks c) highways d) routes

5. Transport infrastructure consists of the ... necessary for transport.

a) procedure b) circle operations c) fixed installations d) scheduled service

6. ... transport has become focused on containerization.

a) heavy b) wheeled c) bulk d) freight

7. Transport is heavily ... by governments.

a) controlled b) subsidized c) supported d) financed

8. A mode of transport is a ... that makes use of a particular type of vehicle, infrastructure and operation.

a) choice b) solution c) decision d) alternative

9. The transport of a person or of a cargo may involve one mode or several modes, with the latter case being called intermodal or ... transport.

a) comprehensive b) multimodal c) international d) multilevel

10. Each mode of transport has its advantages and ... , and will be chosen for a trip on the basis of cost, capability, route, and speed.

a) benefits b) lacks c) disadvantages d) shortages

Ex.3. Read the text again and say if the sentences below are true, false or there is no information of this fact in the text:

1. Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one location to another.

2. Modes of transport include roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals and pipelines, and terminals.

3.Passenger transport may be public, where operators provide scheduled services, or governmental ones.

4. Transport plays an important part in economic growth and globalization.

5. Passenger transport is used for large volumes of durable items.

6. The transport of a person or of a cargo may involve one mode or several modes.

7. Each mode has only advantages and no disadvantages.

8. Each mode of transport will be chosen for a trip on the basis of the cost, the capability, the route, and the speed.

Text B. What is Transportation Industry?

1. The transportation industry is a global industry that meets the needs for moving a cargo, passengers, and information as efficiently as possible. Ground, sea, air, and space are all used by the transportation industry to get things where they need to go. Numerous multinational companies play some role in this industry, whether they maintain the infrastructure, build the equipment, or supply the personnel. This industry is usually in a steady state of growth except the situation with very poor economic conditions.

2. In terms of a cargo, the transportation industry handles a variety of goods and supplies numerous services to consumers and customers.

Cargo can be carried by ship, plane, pipeline, or truck, and in the case of small orders may be split for carrying by car and other smaller conveyances. Concerns with cargo transportation include the ability to secure supplies, deliver loads accurately, and cut down on transport time. Fees for cargo transport, storage, and delivery can vary. Some products need more protection and careful handling and are thus more expensive.

3. Passengers move on buses, aircraft, boats, and smaller vehicles like cars. The passenger transportation industry includes a number of commercial airlines, train companies, and bus services as well as the companies that service them.

Manufacturers of products for the transport industry work to supply the necessary equipment, while people like information technology professionals develop the infrastructure to support it. Airlines, for example, rely heavily on automated real-time systems to update bookings and manage flights.

Ex. 1. Which part of the text does the following information correspond to? 

1. Some commercial airlines are included into the passenger transportation industry.

2. Cargo is carried by different means of transport.

3. The transportation industry deals with moving cargo, passengers, and information.

4. The transportation industry grows and develops steadily.

5. Passengers move on buses, aircraft, boats, and smaller vehicles like cars.

6. The transportation industry handles a variety of goods.

7. Fees for cargo transport, storage, and delivery can vary.

8. Some products need more protection and careful handling.

9. Concerns with cargo transportation include a number of commercial airlines, train companies, and bus services. 

Text C. Passenger Transport

Passenger transport, or travel, is divided into public and private transport. Public transport is scheduled services on fixed routes, while private transport is vehicles that provide ad hoc services at the riders desire. The latter offers better flexibility, but has lower capacity, and a higher environmental impact. Travel may be as part of daily commuting, for business, leisure or migration.

Short-haul transport is dominated by the automobile and mass transit. The latter consists of buses in rural and small cities, supplemented with commuter rail, trams and rapid transit in larger cities. Long-haul transport involves the use of the automobiles, trains, coaches and aircraft, the last of which have become predominantly used for the longest, including intercontinental travel.

Intermodal passenger transport is where a journey is performed through the use of several modes of transport; since all human transport normally starts and ends with walking, all passenger transport can be considered intermodal. Public transport may also involve the intermediate change of a vehicle, within or across modes, at a transport hub, such as a bus or a railway station.

Taxis and buses can be found on both ends of the public transport spectrum, whereas buses remain the cheaper mode of transport but are not necessarily flexible, and taxis being very flexible but more expensive. The demand responsive transport offering flexibility whilst remaining affordable is in the middle.

Ex. 1. Complete the sentences:

1. Passenger transport is divided into ....

2. Public transport is scheduled services on ....

3. Private transport is vehicles that provide ....

4. Travel may be a part of daily commuting, for ....

5. Short-haul transport is dominated by ....

6. Long-haul transport involves the use of ....

7. All passenger transport can be considered ....

8. Public transport may also involve the intermediate change of ....

9. Taxis and Buses can be found on both ends of ....

10. Buses remain the cheaper mode of ....

11. Intermodal passenger transport is where a journey is performed through .....

Ex. 2. Read the text again and say if the sentences below are true, false or there is no information of this fact in the text:

1. Passenger transport or travel is divided into public and private transport.

2. Private transport is scheduled service on fixed routes.

3. Private transport offers better flexibility but has lower capacity and a higher environmental impact.

4. Vehicles are most commonly staffed by a driver.

5. Short-haul transport is dominated by the automobiles and mass transit.

6. Long-haul transport involves the use of the motorbikes and scooters.

7. Simple vehicles, such as automobiles, bicycles or simple aircraft, may have one of the passengers as a driver.

8. Cargo can be carried by ship, plane, pipeline, or truck.

9. Public transport may also involve the intermediate change of vehicle, within or across modes.

10. Buses are very flexible and expensive.