London Underground (презентация)

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The London underground is one of the biggest underground in the world. It includes 11 lines which lenth is 402 km. 52% of subway runs under ground. London uderground takes 4 th place along in the world. It has 270 stations.

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Londoners calls metro in their town «The Tube» because tunnels have tubular shape.

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The London underground is the eldest in the world. His first line was opened the 10 th of January at 1863. It called «Metropolitan Railway». It had 7 stations. Lenth of line was 6 km. Interesting fact. Because of inadequate ventilation underground was puffed by locomotive`s smoke so that at stations people very often suffocated. The 30 th of June in 1864 line «Hummersmith & City» was opened. It has 6 stations.

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At 1890 the first in the world railway line deep laying was opened. Also it was one of the first lines where electric locomotives were exploited. This line called «City & South London».

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From September in 1940 London was exposed bombing by German aviation. Many underground stations w ere used by people as a shelter at this time. For the period of war 6 undeground stations were destroyed because of direct hit of shells.

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After World War II development of subway was continued. Extension of Center line was finished. The 9 th of September exploitation of locomotives underground was terminated. Last locomotive was withdraved from exploitation in 1971.

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The 28 th of February in 1975 at the station «Moorgate» train crash happened. As a result of crash 43 persons died, 74 persons get injuries. Train could not brake and at the high speed shoot down blind prism and embeded to the wall. Circumstances of this situation still stay as a riddle.

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The 18 th of November in 1987 at the biggest of the transport nodes London underground, at the station King's Cross St. Pancrass flushed fire . At the result 31 persons died. Fire started in Escalator tunnel. Escalator was partially made of wood, because of it construction burned easier and faster. The reason of fire was a burning match which was thrown by one of the passenger. After that tragic situation all wood escalators in London was substituted on metal escalators.

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The scheme of London underground and it's logo is recognised quickly by Londoners, all British people and many people around the world.

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Thank you for your attention!