Проектная работа на английском языке

СЕВЕРНОЕ ОКРУЖНОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

ДЕПАРТАМЕНТА ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ГОРОДА МОСКВЫ

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ

ЦЕНТР ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ № 1 4 0 9

                                                  Т    Е    М    А

«The global greenhouse effect .Mushrooms »

My scientific  research»

                                                        Автор:                   Помогаев Леонид     4 «Б» класс

                                                        Руководители:       учитель английского языка

                                                                                                     Никифоренко О.И.

                                                                                       Папа      Помогаев В.              

                                                                                          .

                                                        Технический

                                                         консультант:         учитель ИКТ, инженер-электроник

                                                    2009-2010

Актуальность

Тема  изменения климата, мирового парникового эффекта, защита окружающей среды – это тема 21 века и касается всех живущих на планете.

Цель

- изучить влияние парникового эффекта на изменение окружающей среды на примере роста грибов.

- формировать чувство ответственности за сопричастность к проблемам экологии

- воспитывать чувство любви и бережного отношения к природе.

- выработать логическое мышление, умение сопоставлять, давать логическую  оценку, выражать свое  мнение.

- активизировать знания, умения, навыки полученные на уроках окружающего мира и английского языка.

Задачи

- поиск и изучение источников информации по данной теме

- анализ полученной информации

- применение полученных данных в практической работе

Прикладное применение

- выступить с докладом на уроках окружающего мира и английского языка

- создать мини справочник о грибах для учащихся начальной школы.

- применить на практике опыты, поставленные совместно с дедом

Перспективы развития работы

- совершенствование анализа полученных данных

- придать работе научный характер

- работать над совершенствованием языка

- участие в международных молодежных конференциях по прблематике защиты окружающей среды

Личные достижения

- погружение в тему и приобретение навыков работы над научным материалом

- совершенствование английского языка.

Содержание:

I  Введение :Проблема окружающей среды. Мировой парниковый эффект.

II  Основная часть:

1. Почему мне нравиться собирать грибы.
2. Удивительные встречи.
3. Мусор в лесу.
4. Дневники деда.

III Выводы.

Contents

I Introduction. Environmental problems.

II Main part.

1. Why I like gathering mushrooms.
2. The meeting full of wonders.
3. Garbage in the forest.
4. My Grandad’s diaries.

III Conclusions. The best weather for mushrooms.

Urgent issue:

 The problems of changing climate and the greenhouse effect and the protection of environment are the main topic of the 21st century and concern all people.

Aim:

• to learn the influence of greenhouse effect on the changing of environment showing by the growth of mushrooms.
• to form responsibility for ecological problems
• to form a logical way of thinking, the ability to express the point of view
• to recover activity skills that have been got at Nature Study and English

Tasks:

• the search and studying the sources of information
• the analyses of taken information
• the use  of  information  in practice

Application:

• to make  a report at the lessons
• to make  a mini dictionary for primary school
• to put the experiments into practice

Prospects:

• to improve the analyses of data
• to add the scientific point to the work
• to work over the English language
• taking part in the international environmental summits

Personal achievements:

• improvement of the English language
• diving in this theme and getting skills  with working at the scientific research

I Introduction.  Environmental  problems.

The Earth is our home. We must take care of it. The importance of this task is pointed out by the ecologists, scientists who study the relation between living things and their environment. Each of us must do everything possible to keep the land, air and water clean. Of course people undertake some measures to protect the environment, but the activity is complicated by the economic difficulties.

The world environment means simply what is around us, some people live in a town environment; for others, their environment is the countryside. But the air we breath , the soil on which we stand and walk, the water we drink are the part of the environment.

Nowadays people understand how important it is to solve the environmental problems that endanger people’s life. The most serious environmental problems are:

• pollution in its many forms ( air pollution, water pollution, nuclear pollution );
• noise from cars, buses, planes , etc.;
• destruction of wildlife and the beauty of the countryside;
• the growth of population.
• the global greenhouse effect.

 All these problems are very serious. Every person has to do his best to help our planet to survive. I believe that we can and must change the situation. We must care for the environment so it will be a healthier place for all of us to live at.

II Main part.

1.Why I like gathering mushrooms.

My grandfather has been 72 y.o recently. More than 45 years he has being gathered mushrooms. It’s his hobby and an important cause of  his life. He told that he could gather more than 8 buckets full of mushrooms for one day in the suburbia area next to Reshetnikovo , Tchernichnaya and Zavidovo  stations. I’ve never believed him.

At the age of 5 I started going to the forest with my Grandad. But I saw the first mushroom in my life when I was 3.It was fantastic time. My Dad, Mum and my cousins gathered lots of mushrooms. They were as small as Greek nuts and sparkled on moss among the needles with bright lights.

This fantastic place was called «Leonid’s happiness» by my Grandad.

Last two years I have gone to the forest with a camera and I have already taken lots of pictures.

An autumn forest full of mushrooms made a great impression on me as well. It was on September, 7 2005. I didn’t go to school yet. We visited our grandfather and were ready to go to the « mushroom hunting ». Among trees I noticed a white spot. Coming closer to this place I understood that it was a fallen tree full of autumn mushrooms. we were tired of gathering them and. It was more than 8,5 buckets. My mum spent much time to cook them all.

During the spring holidays my parents and I usually go to the country. And I know exactly that the spring forest is full of mushrooms as well. These unusual spring mushrooms look like Greek nuts without hard shells. It is in spring that I look forward gathering these unusual mushrooms. In a thin spring forest without many leaves on trees and not much grass on the ground everybody can see them well.

I’ve read different books of these mushrooms. In one book they named them poisoned but In the other one they are considered to be eatable after the right cooking.

Summer time is a best season for lovers of mushrooms. Russian forest is full of different kinds of mushrooms. Some of them are so bright and well known that can be found easily even in a rainy weather. But the king of mushrooms and the tastiest one is so called « a white mushroom».

For the last two years my Grandad has been gathered the oldest and uneatable mushrooms and made a special………..and spilled it out in the forest trying to sow mushrooms. And I help him and like doing this experience.

2 .The meeting is  full of wonders.

Going to the forest we are usually well-prepared. We have a compass, baskets, a knife and some water and food. We walk from 3 to 7 hours a day gathering mushrooms. During our hiking grandpa teaches me how to use the compass and how to be rescue in the forest and how to find the way out from difficult situations.

In gloomy and wet places where the sunshine comes hardly and on the roads we often find the scents of different wild animals such as wild boars and elks.

More over last summer I took a picture of the bear’s scent. The beast was so closed to the village and some people saw it there as they said. And my Grandpa’s friend, I know him to be a good hunter, told me about the bear’s family lived next to the village. It is well known fact that bears live only in a clean area. And it means that ecological situation in this place is good. The forest full of blackberries and bilberries is so attractive for bears.

Sometimes walking around forest we find out-of-the-way, incredible trees and rare kinds of mushrooms.

Because of our trips to the forest I’m good at knowing lots of kinds of mushrooms and really it’s hard to find the English names to these mushrooms.

3 .Garbage in the forest.

Sorry to say but the environmental and more over the distraction of wildlife and beauty of the countryside is well noticed after coming to the forest. There is a lot of garbage in the forest people leave. It’s a real problem in our country and people continue to destroy the nature with their own hands. People don’t pay attention at the prohibited signs. Probably this ecological problem will be solved by a new generation of young people.

4.My Grandpa’s diary.

My Grandpa has a great experience in learning and searching mushrooms. He has been keeping up his diary for 24 years. In his diary everyone can find all necessary information about day and night temperature, the atmosphere pressure and precipitations, the volume and the fixed date of gathered mushrooms. And more over you can find the full information about the harvest of vegetables and fruit had been collected since 1995. You can see it clearly in some diagrams.

After learning the diagrams I have had a conclusion about the best weather and about the best temperature for the growth of mushrooms.

5. Conclusions. The best weather for mushrooms.

  And I must admit that the best weather for it is 16-25 C. The growth of mushrooms continues for 11 days. The analysis of my Grandpa’s diagrams shows the obligatory conditions for growth of mushrooms.

• Necessity of wet and rainy weather for minimum 5 days before growing mushrooms
• The night temperature must be more than 10C.
• The day temperature mustn’t be more than 20C. If the weather is more mushrooms rot. The optimal temperature is 15 C.

And of course the global greenhouse effect has a great influence on this process. And we are to think about special ecological and specific conditions :

• the type of the forest(coniferous, birch, mixed ),
• the condition of the forest ( Swamp, rubbish)
• the size of the forest
• the number of mushrooms hunters

 To keep the temperature balance and to make air clean again and to avoid greenhouse effect we need good filters at plants and factories and also in cars and buses.

 Both the clear weather and clear water are necessary for our nature and for our health. If people want to survive they must solve these problems quickly. Man is beginning to understand that his environment is not just own town and country, but the whole earth. That’s why people all over the world think and speak so much about ecology

If you have no chance to go to the forest each 2-3 years you should to keep a weather diary.

Till now we have no the sharp methodic of   the long time forecast and it’s impossible to say the exact period of a great mushrooms harvest.

But if you look carefully after the week forecast in the area you are going to gather mushrooms you will have a chance to get mushrooms. For example in our area between Moscow region and Tver region the best time for mushrooms is from the end of July till August. Because of bad ecology and distraction of wild life we can hardly find mushrooms in the forest in some years.

Be a good example for another.

The Indian philosophy and political Gandy told : « Be the same alteration which you would like to see in the world».

Bibliography

В.Б. Тойбис « За грибами». Харьков из-во « Прапор» 1974

В.Солоухин « По грибы»

В.  Стрижев « Заметки фенолога» Москва . Из-во « Реклама» 1975

Дневники погоды за 1985-2009г.г  Помогаев Виктор Иванович ( мой дедушка)

I. Введение. Проблемы загрязнения окружающей среды.

Земля - наш дом. Жители планеты должны заботиться о ней. Важность этой проблемы была поднята экологами, учеными. Которые изучают процессы и отношения живых существ и их средой обитания. А так же то влияние, которое они оказывают друг на друга. Каждый житель планеты должен сделать все возможное, чтобы  сохранить землю. Воздух и воду чистыми для последующих поколений. Конечно, люди прилагают все возможные усилия  по защите окружающей среды. Но их деятельности препятствует ряд экономических сложностей.

Мировая окружающая среда- это мир вокруг нас. Одни люди окружены пространством больших и маленьких городов. Это их окружающая среда. Для других их окружающей средой является сельская  местность в которой они проживают.  Но воздух, которым мы дышим ,почва на которой мы стоим и ходим, вода, которую мы пьем- все это часть окружающей среды.

В наши дни проблема защиты и спасения окружающей среды стоит наиболее остро. Эти проблемы вышли за пределы одной взятой страны и сейчас решаются правительствами многих  государств мира. Самые серьезные проблемы, вызывающие тревогу во всем мире:

• Загрязнение окружающей среды ( воздух, вода, радиоактивное загрязнение);
• Шум и выхлопные газы от машин, самолетов и т.д.
• Разрушение дикой природы и изменение ландшафта
• Увеличение популяции населения
• Парниковый эффект

Все выше перечисленные проблемы очень серьезны. В силах каждого человека сделать все возможное чтобы спасти планету от гибели. Я верю и убежден. Что мы можем и должны изменить ситуацию. Мы должны беречь окружающую среду тем самым мы и наши будущие поколения смогут жить на «здоровой» планете.