"Имена собственные в произведение о Гарри Поттере" на английском языке

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Project work of Konovalov Dmitry Student of 10 B form English teacher Ignatyeva O.A MAOU school № 10 Kandalaksha Murmansk region Proper names in the works of J.K. Rowling "Harry Potter",

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Introduction Proper names occupy a large place in the vocabulary of the language, so the study of proper names attracts many researchers. The study of proper names has become a separate science – onomastics. It is especially interesting to consider proper names in the context of a work of art, because each author tries to create his own onomastic world. This paper will consider the works of J.K. Rowling "Harry Potter", an author who creates his own texts in the fantasy genre. There are two worlds in the work, real and unreal, so J.K. Rowling's onomastic world is diverse and multifaceted, you can see a lot of both fictional proper names and real ones.

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The problem of translating . proper names in the context of a work of art cannot but attract the attention of researchers. It is important to note that at the moment this topic has not been sufficiently studied The relevance of the research is to study the question of the functioning of the proper name in works of art, the problem of transferring proper names into different languages. The research material used were J.K. Rowling's books in the original English language, and the translation of books into Russian, performed by translator M.D. Litvinova . The purpose of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis of the translation into different languages of real, semi–real and fictional proper names from the original English in the works of J.K. Rowling "Harry Potter".

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Achieving this goal involves solving the following tasks: to study theoretical material concerning the problem of translating proper names, classify proper names in the context of a work of fiction, conduct a comparative analysis of proper names using the example of Russian and English translations of J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter books, compile a dictionary of words by the work. The product of the research work will be a dictionary of words - translation from English into Russian. Reading in English contributes to the development and replenishment of vocabulary. Presentation with the image of the main characters of the work.

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The classification of proper names in a literary text 1. Real-life proper names; 2. Names of fictional images created based on models of real-life proper names (semi-real names); 3. Fictitious names to create an unreal artistic image. As part of this work, the following classification of ways of translating proper names will be adopted: 1) Transcription 2) Transliteration 3) Calculus 4) Creating a new word 5) Likening translation

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Ways of forming proper names in the work "Harry Potter “ The work "Harry Potter" belongs to the fantasy genre, so a writer working in this genre has more freedom to choose the means to create his own fantasy world, which includes proper names. In the work, the reader sees two worlds: real and fantastic (for example, the main character Harry Potter is both a wizard and a contemporary of the reader), therefore, fictional names are present in the test to create an unreal artistic image, and real proper names, as well as the names of fictional images created based on models of real proper names (semi-real names).

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Real-life proper names . Harry, Ronald, Arthur, Alphard , Bellatrix , Black, Tom, Dennis, Dudley, Derek, Hermione, Molly, Bill, Charlie, Percy, Fred, George, Lucy, Roxanne, Rose, Fred, Fleur, Ginny

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Dursley , Weasley , Creevey – created on the model of English names ending in " ey ", for example, the surname Reaney . McGonagal – created on the model of English names starting with the prefix "Mac", for example "McCartney". Dumbledore is the hero's surname, created on the model of English names ending in "ore", for example "Theodore". Potter, Granger – the surnames of the heroes created on the model of English names ending in " er ", for example " Cristopher , Roger". Longbottom is the hero's surname, created on the model of English names ending in " om ", for example, the female name "Blossom". Luna is the name of the heroine, created on the model of English female names ending in " na ", for example "Angelina, Christina". Bones is the last name of the hero, created on the model of English surnames ending in " es ", for example "Jones". Pettigrew is the hero's surname, created on the model of English names ending in " ew ", for example "Andrew". Nymphadora is the name of the heroine, created on the model of English female names ending in " ra ", for example, "Sandra, Barbara". Lavender is the name of the heroine, created on the model of English female names etymologically related to the names of flowers and plants, for example, "Blossom, Lilac" Names of fictional images created based on models of real-life proper names (semi-real names)

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Among the names of the most important characters, 43% of real names, 32% of fictional names and 24% of semi-real name . s. Fictional names to create an unreal artistic image : Slytherin Salazar, Food Trolley Lady, Lovegood , Lord Voldemort , He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named, Albus , Cornelius, Severus, Malfoy , Draco, Mad Eye Moody, Dobby, Moaning Myrtle, Remus Lupin , Xenophilius , Snape , Wood.

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Ways of translating proper names in the work "Harry Potter“ 1 Translation of real proper names 1. Transcription Transcription is translation at the phoneme level. Harry – Harry Ronald – Ronald (Russian) Arthur- Arthur (Russian) Bellatrix – Bellatrix (Italian) Black – Black (Russian), Black (Italian) Tom – Tom (Russian), Tom (Italian) Dennis – Dennis (Russian), Dennis (Italian) Dudley – Dudley (Russian), Dudley (Italian) Bill – Bill (Russian), Bill (Italian) Charlie - Charlie (Russian), Charlie (Italian) Percy – Percy (Russian), Percy (Italian) George – George (Russian), George (Italian) Fred – Fred (Russian), Fred (Italian) Ginny – Ginny (Russian), Ginny (Italian)

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2. Transliteration Transliteration is the translation of graphemes in written speech at the grapheme level. Harry – Harry (Russ.) Hermione – Hermione (russ.) Bellatrix – Bellatrix (russ.) 3. Translation of semi-real proper names 1. Transcription Dursley – Dursley (Russian), Dursley (Italian) Weasley – Weasley (Russian), Weasley (Italian) Dumbledore - Dumbledore (Russian) Potter – Potter (Russian), Potter (Italian) Luna – Luna (Russian), Luna (Italian) Granger – Granger (Russian), Granger (Italian) Nymphadora – Nymphadora (Russian) 3. Calcification Lavender – Lavender (Russian), Lavanda (Italian) The word "Lavender" is translated from English as "lavender". Russian Russian translation of this name sounds like "Lavender", and in Italian – as " Lavada ", which in Russian means "lavender". 4. Creating a new word Longbottom – Longbottom (Russian)

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Calcification Lavender – Lavender (Russian) The word "Lavender" is translated from English as "lavender". Russian Russian translation of this name sounds like "Lavender", and in Italian – as " Lavada ", which in Russian means "lavender". 4. Creating a new word Longbottom – Longbottom (Russian), 5. Likening translation Dumbledore – Silente The hero of the work is Professor Albus Dumbledore. The name "Dumbledore" has the root of the English word "dummy", which means quietly, silently. Therefore, the translator, in order to convey the author's intention, translates this name into Italian with the word " silente ", which means "quiet, silent" in translation from Italian into Russian.

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Translation of fictitious proper names 1. Transcription Slytherin Salazar – Slytherin Salazar (Russian) Lovegood – Lovegood (Russian), Lovegood Albus – Albus (Russian), Albus Cornelius – Cornelius (Russian), Cornelius ) Severus – Severus (Russian), Severus Malfoy – Malfoy (Russian), Malfoy Draco – Draco (Russian), Draco Dobby – Dobby (Russian), Dobby Remus Lupin – Remus Lupin (Russian), Remus Lupin Snape - Snape (Russian) Wood – Wood (Russian) Pettigrew – Pettigrew (Russian) As in the previous examples, it can be seen here that the transcription method is used to translate most of the names into both Russian and Italian. 2. Transliteration No fictitious proper names were found that are transmitted to the translation languages in this way. 3. Calculus He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named –The-One-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named (Russ.),

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Creating a new word Slytherin Salazar - Salazar Serpeverde According to the author, Slytherin Salazar is one of the founders of the magic school, and his coat of arms is a green snake. Therefore, the translator translates this name into Italian as Salazar Serpeverde , which means "green snake" in translation, so that the reader can immediately understand who it is about. But the word "sly" in English means "crafty, cunning", so it is clear that the translator uses the method of creating a new word. Mad Eye Moody – Mad Eye Moody ( russ .) When translating the name "Mad Eye Moody", the technique of creating a new word is used. The literal translation of this name is "crazy gloomy eye", but the translator makes a good decision to create a neologism, which allows you to preserve the effect of the name "Moody" and the nickname " Terrible Eye". 5. Likening translation Moaning Myrtle – Weeping Myrtle ( russ .)

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The conclusion 1. The translator is tasked to convey the character of the character in proper names at the same time, and to recreate such a name that will cause the reader to have certain associations that would correspond to the image conceived by the author. 2. Five ways of transferring proper names from English to Russian and Italian were identified: transcription, transliteration, calcification, creation of a new word and a likening translation. 3. The method of translation does not depend on the names of the characters: the same proper name can be transmitted in different ways to different translation languages.

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4. The proper names that actually exist in English are mostly translated into different languages by the method of transcription and transliteration. 5. For fictitious proper names, such a method of translation as transcription is more typical. 6. To translate semi-real proper names into different languages, translators use different methods, where often the same name of the source text is transferred to the translated languages not in the same way, but in different ways. 7. The most common way of translation in both languages is transcription