МБОУ Одинцовская гимназия № 14

                                      РЕФЕРАТ

         по английскому языку в 8 классе, учебник  « Spotlight”, модуль 3.

           по теме «выдающиеся люди России»  

                     «Sergey Esenin»

                                        выполнили учащиеся 8 «В» класса:

                                        Фетищенко Анастасия,

                                        Кудрявцева Полина,

                                                   Ермолина Полина

                                                    учитель английского языка:  Игнатьева О.А.

                       Одинцово, 2014г.

Sergey Esenin was born in Konstantinovo in the Ryazan Province ( Gubernia) of the Russian Empire to a peasant family. He spent most of his childhood with his grandparents, who essentially reared him. He began to write poetry at the age of nine.

In 1912, Esenin moved to Moscow, where he supported himself working as a proofreader in a printing company. The following year he enrolled in Moscow Charnyavsky University as an external student and studied there for a year and a half. His early poetry was inspired by Russian folklore. In 1915, he moved to Petrograd, where he became acquainted with fellow-poets Alexander Blok, Sergey Gorodetsky, Nikolai Klyuev and Andrei Bely and became well known in literary circles. Blok was especially helpful in promoting Yesenin's early career as a poet. Yesenin said that Bely gave him the meaning of form while Blok and Klyuev taught him lyricism.

In 1916, Yesenin published his first book of poems, Radunitsa (Russian). Through his collections of poignant poetry about love and the simple life, he became one of the most popular poets of the day. His first marriage was in 1913 to Anna Izryadnova, a co-worker from the publishing house, with whom he had a son, Yuri.

From 1916 to 1917, Yesenin was drafted into military duty, but soon after the October Revolution of 1917, Russia exited World War I. Believing that the revolution would bring a better life, Yesenin briefly supported it, but soon became disillusioned. He sometimes criticised the Bolshevik rule in such poems as The Stern October Has Deceived Me.

In August 1917 Yesenin married for a second time to Zinaida Raikh (later an actress and the wife of Vsevolod Meyerhold). They had two children, a daughter Tatyana and a son Konstantin. The parents quarreled and lived separately for some time prior to their divorce in 1921. Tatyana became a notable writer, and Konstantin Yesenin would become a well-known soccer statistician.

In September 1918, Yesenin founded his own publishing house called

(the "Labor Company of the Artists of the Word"). Together with Anatoly Marienhof, they founded the Russian literary movement of imaginism.

Yesenin and Duncan (1922)

In the fall of 1921, while visiting the studio of painter Georgi Yakulov, Yesenin met the Paris-based American dancer Isadora Duncan, a woman 18 years his senior. She knew only a dozen words in Russian, and he spoke no foreign languages. They married on 2 May 1922. Yesenin accompanied his celebrity wife on a tour of Europe and the United States. His marriage to Duncan was brief and in May 1923, he returned to Moscow.

In 1923 Yesenin became romantically involved with the actress Augusta Miklashevskaya to whom he dedicated several poems. The same year he had a son by the poet Nadezhda Volpin. Their son, Alexander Esenin-Volpin grew up to become a poet and a prominent activist in theSoviet dissident movement of the 1960s. He lives in the United States, a famous mathematician and teacher.

In 1925 Yesenin met and married his fourth wife, Sophia Andreyevna Tolstaya, a granddaughter of Leo Tolstoy.

On 28 December 1925 Yesenin was found dead in his room in the Hotel Angleterre. His last poem Goodbye my friend, goodbye (До свиданья, друг мой, до свиданья) according to Wolf Ehrlich was given to him the day before. Yesenin complained that there was no ink in the room, and he was forced to write with his blood.

Sergei Yesenin on his death bed (1925)

According to the version that is now also common among academic researchers of Yesenin's life, the poet was in a state of depression a week after the end of treatment in a mental hospital and committed suicide by hanging.

After the funeral in the Union in Leningrad, poet Yesenin's body was transported by train to Moscow, where a farewell for relatives and friends of the deceased was also arranged. He was buried December 31, 1925, in Moscow's Vagankovskoye Cemetery. His grave is marked by a white marble sculpture.

A theory exists that Yesenin's death was actually a murder by NKVD agents who staged it to look like suicide. The novel "Yesenin"[2] published by Vitali Bezrukov is devoted to this version of Yesenin's death. In 2005 TV serial "Sergey Yesenin" based on this novel (with Sergey Bezrukovplaying Yesenin) was shown on Channel One Russia. The film was criticized by forensic experts who found its arguments unconvincing.

The Ryazan State University is named in his honour.

Yesenin's suicide triggered an epidemic of copycat suicides by his mostly female fans. Although he was one of Russia's most popular poets and had been given an elaborate funeral by the State, most of his writings were banned by the Kremlin during the reigns of Joseph Stalin and Nikita Khrushchev. Nikolai Bukharin's criticism of Yesenin contributed significantly to the banning. Only in 1966 were most of his works republished. Today Yesenin's poems are taught to Russian schoolchildren; many have been set to music and recorded as popular songs. His early death, coupled with unsympathetic views by some of the literary elite, adoration by ordinary people, and sensational behavior, all contributed to the enduring and near mythical popular image of the Russian poet.

Есенин, Заметался пожар голубой... in  English

Tips of blue flame are dancing about,
Home expanses are being neglected.
It's the first time that I’m singing love,
For the first time refusing to racket.

I was all like a desolate garden, 
I was greedy for women and potions.
Now, I don’t want to sing and to dance,
And to squander my life void of caution. 

If I only could look at your cast
And your eyes’ golden-hazel vortex,
So that, out of love with the past,
You were able to go to none else.

Your light stature, your airy gait,
If you knew in your stubborn feeling
How a hooligan can venerate,
How a hooligan can be lenient.

I’d pass over iniquity dens,
I’d forever quit writing poems,
If I only touched softly your hand
And your hair of a color to autumn.

I would squire you wherever you'd rove -
At our homely or alien stretches…
It's the first time that I’m singing love,
For the first time refusing to racket.

( перевод Вечеслава Четина)

Заметался пожар голубой, 
Позабылись родимые дали. 
В первый раз я запел про любовь, 
В первый раз отрекаюсь скандалить. 

Был я весь - как запущенный сад, 
Был на женщин и зелие падкий. 
Разонравилось пить и плясать 
И терять свою жизнь без оглядки. 

Мне бы только смотреть на тебя, 
Видеть глаз злато-карий омут, 
И чтоб, прошлое не любя, 
Ты уйти не смогла к другому. 

Поступь нежная, лёгкий стан, 
Если б знала ты сердцем упорным, 
Как умеет любить хулиган, 
Как умеет он быть покорным. 

Я б навеки забыл кабаки 
И стихи бы писать забросил. 
Только б тонко касаться руки 
И волос твоих цветом в осень. 

Я б навеки пошёл за тобой 
Хоть в свои, хоть в чужие дали... 
В первый раз я запел про любовь, 
В первый раз отрекаюсь скандалить. 

1923