Презентация на английском языку "Пётр Первый"

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Peter the Great Russian Tsar , the first Russian emperor , an outstanding statesman, diplomat and commander, all his activities are connected with the reforms.

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During his foreign trips Peter the Great shocked the refined aristocrats with a rough manner of communication and simplicity of manners. The Electress Sophia of Hanover wrote about Peter "The king is tall with fine features and a noble bearing; he has great alacrity of mind and his answers are quick and correct. But with all the advantages that nature has given him, it would be desirable if there was less rudeness in him.”

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Peter I was the youngest son of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich from his second marriage to Natalia Naryshkina . He was born on May 30, 1672. Peter received a home education. From a young age he knew German. T hen he studied Dutch, English and French. He mastered many crafts with the help of the palace masters ( carpentry, turning, weapons, blacksmithing, etc.). The future emperor was physically strong, mobile, inquisitive and capable. He had a good memory.

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In April 1682 Peter was elevated to the throne after the death of the childless Tsar Fyodorov Alekseevich . However the sister of Peter and Ivan- Tsarevna Sophia and relatives of the first wife of Alexei Mikhailovich Miloslavsky used the Streltsy uprising for a palace coup. Ivan was declared as the" elder "tsar, and Peter was declared as the "younger" tsar under the ruler of Sophia

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In August 1689 after receiving news of Sophia's preparations for a palace coup Peter left Preobrazhensky to the Trinity- Sergius Monastery. His loyal troops and his supporters arrived there. They surrounded Moscow. Sophia was removed from power and imprisoned in the Novodevichy monastery. After the death of Ivan Alekseevich (1696) Peter I became a single-power state tsar.

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Contribution to the development of Russia The reign of Peter the Great lasted 36 years and 28 of them Russia was at war. Peter's reforms are closely connected with the solution of the foreign policy tasks facing the Russian state. A huge role in the implementation of the necessary changes was played by the personality of Peter I himself. He did not spare himself or others for the sake of the Fatherland.

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The results of Peter’s reforms The main result of the whole set of Peter's reforms was the establishment of the absolutism regime in Russia. The title of the Russian monarch was changed in 1721. Peter declared himself as an emperor and the country became known as the Russian Empire.The patriarchate was abolished. T he church lost its independence and authority in society. Great progress was made in the field of science and culture. The task of national importance was the creation of Russian medical education, as well as the beginning of Russian surgery . Rapid development of foreign and domestic trade started.

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Foreign policy of Peter the Great The goal of Peter's foreign policy was to raise the prestige of Russia and make it an influential European power. Russia needed to have sea trading ports and a powerful fleet.

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The Northern War lasted from 1700 to1721. Russia, under the leadership of Peter achieved a complete victory and gained access to the Baltic Sea. It gave Russia the opportunity to establish direct ties with Western countries. The main battle of the Northern War was the Battle of Poltava in 1709. The Russian army under the command of Peter I defeated the Swedish army. After the victory in the Northern War Russia became one of the greatest European powers. After the Persian campaign of 1722-1723 the western coast of the Caspian Sea with the cities of Derbent and Baku fell to Russia.

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"And Peter the Great, who alone is the whole world history!“ A.S. Pushkin .From a letter to P. Ya . Chaadaev . October 19, 1836