Проект учащейся 9 класса
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Комитет образования администрации
Балаковского муниципального образования Саратовской области
МАОУ СОШ №19
Различия в Американском и Британском английском языке
Проект подготовила
ученица 9а класса
Ионкина Анастасия Сергеевна
Руководитель проекта
учитель английского языка
Коновалова С.Ю.
Балаково 2020
Содержание
3. Исследовательская часть: опрос среди одноклассников
Vocabulary is a major difference between American and British English. Some words have different meanings in American English and British English; for example:
Closet
In American English: A cabinet or wardrobe In British English: Any
small room
Rubber
In American English: condom In British English: eraser
The differences between such terms are usually indicated in dictionaries. There are also occasions where one term is preferred over the other in one variety; for example, the term ‘bonnet’ in British English is equivalent to ‘hood’ in American English. The following table gives some examples of such words.
British English | American |
Flat | Apartment |
Taxi | Cab |
Maize | Corn |
Tin | Can |
Boot | Trunk |
Trainers | Sneakers |
Trousers | Pants |
Waistcoat | West |
Lorry | Truck |
Pavement | Sidewalk |
Autumn | Fall |
Caravan | Trailer |
The common spelling differences between American and British English fall under the following categories.
–or (American) = –our (British)
Ex: color/colour , favorite/ favourite
–er (American) = –re (British)
Ex: meter/ metre, theater/theatre
–se (American) = –ce (British)
Ex: license/licence, defense/defence
–ize (American) = –ise (British)
Ex: globalize/globalise, agonize/agonise
–yze (American) = –yse (British)
Ex: analyze/analyse, recognize/recognise
–og (American) = –ogue (British)
Ex: dialog/dialogue, analog/ analogue
Aside from spelling and vocabulary, there are certain grammar differences between British and American English. For instance, in American English, collective nouns are considered singular (e.g. The band is playing). In contrast, collective nouns can be either singular or plural in British English, although the plural form is most often used (e.g. The band are playing).
The British are also more likely to use formal speech, such as ‘shall’, whereas Americans favour the more informal ‘will’ or ‘should’.
Americans, however, continue to use ‘gotten’ as the past participle of ‘get’, which the British have long since dropped in favour of ‘got’.
‘Needn’t’, which is commonly used in British English, is rarely, if at all used in American English. In its place is ‘don’t need to’.
In British English, ‘at’ is the preposition in relation to time and place. However, in American English, ‘on’ is used instead of the former and ‘in’ for the latter.
I decided to conduct a survey among my classmates and ask them a few questions:
After interviewing 25 people from my class, I made a schedule of their answers.
Conclusion
In conclusion, I want to say that English is quite diverse and has its own long history. While there may be certain differences between British and American English, the key takeaway is that the two have more similarities. Accidentally using one instead of the other will not automatically lead to miscommunication. Americans and Brits can usually communicate with each other without too much difficulty, so don’t be too hard on yourself if you are unable to memorise the nuances of both languages.
As the most-spoken second language on the planet, English has to be flexible. After all, it’s not solely spoken in the countries we’ve detailed above. So whether you speak English like a Brit or like an American, this shouldn’t be an obstacle when communicating with people on the opposite side of the pond, or anywhere else in the world.
When learning or speaking English, most people do not realise the vast differences between American and British versions of the language. Though the original 'correct' grammar originally comes from old British English, grammar is constantly changing and many new ways of using grammar are coming from across the pond from American influence through the media and internet.
Over the last few decades, British English has come under increasing influence from American English. This is because the majority of television programmes, films and music are exported to the UK from the States and people pick up words and expressions they are commonly exposed to, thus bringing them into general usage. Conservatives argue this is damaging British English, while liberals say it is a natural process of language evolution and change. Whichever side you are on, the fact remains that American is the dominant form of English in the world and has the greatest influence on its other varieties through the mass media and popular culture.
Examples of Americanisms in modern British English:
Can I get a… (Brit. Can I have a…)
Two times (Brit. Twice)
On the weekend (Brit. At the weekend)
I’m good (Brit. I’m fine/well)
Period (Brit. Full stop)
Write me (Brit. Write to me, write me an email)
Movie (Brit. Film)
Take a shower (Brit. Have a shower)
To be fair, it’s not all one-way traffic and some British expressions have entered American English (among Britpop fans and certain social groups), but for those who are not so familiar with British English, here’s a funny guide.
Both types of language structure can be considered right, though in British and American education systems there are different rules depending on which English is being taught. There are various differences in spelling and punctuation, but this does not affect the spoken language as the grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation differences do.
List of used literature and Internet resources
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