Проблемы экологии

Муниципальное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение

«Гимназия №3 Зеленодольского муниципального района РТ»

Индивидуальный итоговый проект

«Ecology. Environmental problems. The attitude of people towards this issue.» (Тема)

Презентация, реферат (форма проекта)

                                                                                     Выполнила: ученица 9 класса Г

Миронова Эвелина Олеговна

Руководитель проекта:

Учитель английского языка- Синакаева Гузель Фаридовна

                                                                           2016-2017 уч.год

Название проекта: «Экология. Проблемы экологии. Отношения людей к предложенной проблеме»

Цели проекта:

• узнать, что такое экология и почему так важно о ней заботиться;
• изучить 5 основных экологических проблем, существующих в нашем мире;
• найти процентное содержание людей (из разных стран/ городов), беспокоющихся об экологии;
• найти процентное содержание людей ( из разных стран/ городов), делающих что-то для защиты экологии;

Задачи:

• дать понятие экологии, ответить на вопрос о важности заботы об экологии;
• найти информацию о 5 основных экологических проблемах, существующих в нашем мире;
• провести опрос среди знакомых (иностранцев/ иногородцев)
• подвести итог, сделав диаграмму по результатам опроса;
• проанализировать составленную мной диаграмму
• сделать вывод

Project name: «Ecology. Environmental problems. The attitude of people towards this issue.»

Objective of the project:

• to learn what ecology means and why it is necessary to protect the environment
• to explore the five major environmental problems that exist in our world;
• to find the percentage of people who are anxious about the environment;
• to identify the number of people (%) taking actions to protect the environment

Project tasks:

• to give the concept of the environment, to answer the question concerning the materiality environmental care
• find information about the 5 major environmental problems that exist in our world;
• to conduct a survey among foreigners/ non-residents
• to summarize by making a chart based on the survey results
• to analyze a chart compiled by me
• to draw the conclusion

The main part

I would like to devote to the project such as the theme of the «Ecology»   due to the fact that the President of the Russian Federation has declared that 2017 will be dedicated to the protection of our environment.

The aim of this decision is to draw public attention to the issues of environmental development of Russia, the conservation of biological diversity and maintenance of ecological safety.

Let me look at some (5) major environmental problems that exist in our world.

 The main ecological problems:

 1) Pollution

Pollution of air, water and soil require millions of years to recoup. Heavy metals, nitrates and plastic are toxins responsible for pollution. While water pollution is caused by oil spill, acid rain, urban runoff. air pollution is caused by various gases and toxins released by industries and factories and combustion of fossil fuels; soil pollution is majorly caused by industrial waste that deprives soil from essential nutrients.

2) Global Warming

Climate changes like global warming is the result of human practices like emission of Greenhouse gases. Global warming leads to rising temperatures of the oceans and the earth’ surface causing melting of polar ice caps, rise in sea levels and also unnatural patterns of precipitation such as flash floods, excessive snow or desertification.

3) Loss of Biodiversity

Human activity is leading to the extinction of species and habitats and and loss of bio-diversity. Eco systems, which took millions of years to perfect, are in danger when any species population is decimating. Balance of natural processes like pollination is crucial to the survival of the eco-system and human activity threatens the same. Another example is the destruction of coral reefs in the various oceans, which support the rich marine life.

4) Acid Rain

Acid rain occurs due to the presence of certain pollutants in the atmosphere. Acid rain can be caused due to combustion of fossil fuels or erupting volcanoes or rotting vegetation which release sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere. Acid rain is a known  environmental problem that can have serious effect on human health, wildlife and aquatic species.

5) Genetic Engineering

Genetic modification of food using biotechnology is called genetic engineering. Genetic modification of food results in increased toxins and diseases as genes from an allergic plant can transfer to target plant. Genetically modified crops can cause serious environmental problems as an engineered gene may prove toxic to wildlife. Another drawback is that increased use of toxins to make insect resistant plant can cause resultant organisms to become resistant to antibiotics.

(Сonclusion ↑ )

Environmental problems can be found in all areas of the world, and they affect land, water and air. Some result from what humans take from the environment, in the form of land for agriculture, and accommodation for a rapidly increasing population; mineral and fossil fuel resources; and timber. These problems include deforestation, erosion, damage to ecosystems and reductions in biodiversity. Other problems stem from what humans put into the environment, in the form of various pollutants. These issues include climate change, damage to the ozone layer, urban pollution, and acid rain.

Many people think that protecting our environment is important but others do not agree. One should note here that I’ve made a decision to conduct my own survey among 50 foreigners,  non/local residents asking them two questions:  1) Are you worried about environmental problems? 2) Do you do something to keep the environment?  

The results of my survey are presented in two diagrams.

1) It should be noted that less than half of respondents, 36 % (percent) to be precise, answered that environmental problems do not bother them. While another 64 percent think about the environment.

2) Based on the answers, the diagram shows that the results of the responders who have answered  positively and negatively are practically equal. 44% (percent)  - «no» and 56% (percent) – «yes».

3) Comparing the two answers, we can sum up that not all people who are thinking about the environment have the opportunity or the desire to preserve the ecology.

• To draw the conclusion I can say that I have
•  learned what ecology means and why it is necessary to protect the environment
• explored  the five major environmental problems that exist in our world;
• found the percentage of people who are anxious about the environment;
• defined the number of people (%) taking actions to protect the environment.