Достопримечательности Ирландии

Муниципальное общеобразовательное учреждение

«Гимназия №4»

Проект

Секция: английский язык

Тема: «Достопримечательности Ирландии»

Выполнили ученики 9 в класса

               Ануфриев Артём и Емельященкова Екатерина

                                                                                научный руководитель:

                                                                                 учитель английского языка

              Володина Татьяна Александровна

г. Подольск

2016 г.

Ireland

CONTENTS

1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………..…….......2
2. The difference between Ireland and Nothern Ireland..............................................................2
3. Top five sightseeings:

St. Patrick's Cathedral…………………………………………………..................................3

Killarney National Park……………….……………………………………………………..4

Amazing Cliffs of  Moher…………………………………………………………......….....5

Trinity College…………..…………………………………………………………...……....5

Galway city……………..…………………………………………………………………....6

4. Сonclusion……………………………………………………………….….…………….....6
5. Bibliography………………………………………………………………………………....6

Introduction

Ireland, what associations do you have with this country? Some people will exactly state the island, but there are individuals, who can be puzzled by existence of this republic, as this word is commonly used with Northern Ireland, an indispensable part of Great Britain. It is a well-developed country with its customs, traditions and culture. It borders in the north with Britain and is greatly influenced by it, but Ireland is an independent country recognized by many other countries.

 The research question:  to study out whether Ireland and Nothern Ireland is the same country

 The objectives of this research   are:

1. To study tourist guide to find out the most popular sightseeings
2. To outline the differences between Ireland and Nothern Ireland
3. To design an educational guide to give an idea what Ireland is

Topicality of   the   project:

In a crooked corner of the old world, away from the noisy and hectic Europe still has the edge of the idyllic pastoral, enchanting Celtic antiquity and calm life. Due to its unique geographical location, Ireland has been able to save a huge amount of titanic tombs of the Neolithic period, which did not spare time in mainland Europe. For such a small country, the Island of Ireland has more than its fair share of Must-See Attractions, from picturesque landscapes to history and culture laden cities, towns and villages.

 The difference between Ireland and Nothern Ireland

This is our attempt at a fast track lesson in Irish History. Here we will take you on a journey to the hundreds of ancient artifacts, famous landmarks, and monuments of historical importance that people add to their must see lists. The striking combination of ancient structures and modern architecture make Ireland an ever popular tourist attraction. Since it would be nearly impossible to see everything worthwhile in one brief visit to Ireland , these are some of the top spots that should be a priority on the list of exhibits and attractions.

Unfortunately, not many people know that Ireland is divided into two parts: Northern Ireland (part of the United Kingdom) and the Republic of Ireland. The capital of Northern Ireland is Belfast, the capital of Republic of Ireland is Dublin. Northern Ireland is more commonly known. Northern Ireland is also not to be confused with Ulster: Ulster - a historical province of Ireland, consisting of nine counties; Northern Ireland is the administrative and territorial unit of the UK, including the only six of the nine counties of Ulster.

The independent state of Ireland has its own coat of arms and flag. Ireland coat of arms is the gold harp with silver strings. Background Irish Emblem saturated blue. No other state in the world, on the arms of which instrument would be depicted. Harp symbol of the importance of music in Irish culture and antiquity of its traditions. State flag of Ireland is composed of green, white and orange vertical stripes. The green stripe represents a revolution in the late of the XVIII century, the orange stripe represents the descendants of British colonists of the XVII century, a white stripe symbolizes the hope for peace between the two groups.

Top five sightseeing:

St. Patrick's Cathedral

St. Patrick's Cathedral is said to be the earliest Christian  in Ireland, where St. Patrick baptized converts.

A wooden St. Patrick's Church stood on the site from the 5th century to about 1191, when the church was raised to the status of cathedral. The present building, the largest church in Ireland, was built between 1191 and 1270.

However, because of a major rebuilding in the 1870sprompted by the belief that the cathedral was in imminent danger of collapse, much of the current building and decoration dates from the Victorian era.

During his stay in Dublin, Oliver Cromwell stabled his horses in the nave of the cathedral. Throughout its long history the cathedral had contributed much to Irish life.  The rector of the Cathedral from 1713 to 1745 was a famous writer, the author of "Gulliver's Travels" - Jonathan Swift. His grave and epitaph can be seen in the cathedral.

From 1783 until 1871 the cathedral served as the Chapel of the Most Illustrious Order Saint Patrick, for the members of the Knights of St. Patrick. With the disestablishment of the Church of Ireland in 1871 the installation ceremony moved to St. Patrick's Hall, Dublin Castle, but the heraldic banners of the knights at the time of the move still hang over the choir stalls to this day.

Today the cathedral is the location for a number of public national ceremonies. Ireland's Remembrance Day ceremonies, hosted by the Royal British Legion and attended by the President of Ireland, take place there every November.

Killarney National Park

Killarney National Park, Ireland’s oldest National Park is located in Killarney, all the while adjacent to the town. Killarney is also Ireland’s Oldest National Park, formed in 1932 when Senator Arthur Vincent and his family entrusted Muckross House & Estate into the care of the Irish State. Now the focal point for many visitors to Killarney, Muckross House & Gardens has been entertaining as a 19th century mansion, containing all original pieces of furniture, artwork, trophies and many other furnishings from that period. The Park is currently managed jointly by the National Parks & Wildlife Services and the Trustees of Muckross House, Killarney.

The extent of the park’s range and rugged landscape is 26,000 acres, encompassing the infamous McGillycuddy Reeks Mountain Range which includes Ireland’s highest Mountain, Carrauntoohill standing at over 1,000 meters.

These mountains have known millions of footsteps over the years; other famous mountains include Torc (Waterfall), Mangerton, Purple and Tomies Woodland along with endless exploring of looped and park walks. Nestled within the woodlands and at the foot of these glorious mountains are the three world famous Killarney Lakes; Upper, Muckross and Lough Leane. The lakes, woodlands, waterfalls and living history are the ingredients that make Killarney National Park so unique, particularly when coupled with the ever changing light and skies that share in Killarney’s breathtaking scenery.

Killarney National Park was deemed a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 1981 due to the quality and high ecological diversity, extensive habitats and range of species found that in the park, some of which are quite rare. From an ecological perspective, the most important feature from a National and International perspective is the preservation of the native oak and yew woodlands as well as the evergreen trees, shrubs and lichens that thrive under Killarney’s climate. Along with housing the largest stretch of native woodland remaining in Ireland, Killarney National Park is also home to the only herd of native red deer. The red deer are believed to have a presence in Killarney, Ireland since the last ice age. In 1865, Sika deer were introduced from Japan; since their inception the group has increased considerably in size and reside throughout the National Park.

Amazing Cliffs of  Moher

Date Formation the cliffs are 320 MILLION years old.Ancient rivers laid down sediments on the sea bed to form the rocks of the Cliffs of Moher – sandstone, siltstone and shale. Cliffs of MoherThe Cliffs of Moher are 702 feet (214 meters) high and span across eight miles (12.8 km) along the Wild Atlantic Way. The highest point is at Knockarden, near O’Brien’s Tower, which was built by Cornelius O’Brien in 1835. They are not the highest cliffs in Ireland (the tallest cliffs in Ireland and Britain are at Croghaun on Achill Island off the Mayo coast at 688m). But the Cliffs of Moher are the steepest, due to the type of rocks here.  These cliffs have made mo    re film appearances than some movie stars.These include Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Ryan’s Daughter, The Mackintosh Man, and the Princess Bride.

Trinity College

Trinity College Dublin Located in the heart of Dublin city and founded in 1592, Trinity College Dublin is an historic university making a modern impact. As Ireland's leading university, ranked No. 1 in Ireland by the QS World University Rankings, Trinity holds a global position as a leader in top-quality, internationally recognised higher education. The main property of the College - its library. Trinity College Library is one of the five richest libraries in the world. For its construction took 20 years (1712-1732). Now it holds about 4 million of rare, ancient and most beautiful books in the world. Since 1801, the library began to replenish and today represents five large buildings. The main treasure of the library - the Book of Kells, created by Celtic monks from 6 to 9 century. It was written in Latin, and includes the text of the four Gospels on 680 pages, lavishly decorated with miniatures, ornaments, patterns and medieval calligraphy, putting the book on a par with the most important works of art, Scotland, Ireland and northern England. The library is one of the most interesting sights of Dublin, and is open for tourists.

Galway city

The second largest city in the West of Ireland, Galway is known for its art galleries and shops, most of which are located along the winding streets of the charming medieval quarter of the city. Galway is considered a major center for traditional Irish music. The Port city is also known as one of the few places left in Ireland where the Irish language is still spoken on the streets. Full of fun, history and culture, Galway is the perfect place for any tourist who is looking for the Irish spirit. Attractions in Galway noteworthy: Linh Castle, located on the main street, Shop Street, a beautiful medieval house, the collegiate church of St. Nicholas, Window Linh, the Spanish Arch. Shop Street - pedestrian and shopping street. In addition to the Castle Linh, it leveled the old brick houses, numerous bars, shops with beautiful windows. Being a haven for walkers and Shop Street is always packed with people, many street musicians use the region to showcase their talents. That's where we can see that the city truly Bohemian Galway. Songs of the Beatles, Neil Young, Bob Dylan, Peter Frampton, Nirvana, the Smiths, and other famous artists can be heard every night.

Street musicians - a common phenomenon in the Shop Street from the 1970s, and although not all shopkeepers greet them, speaking to passers-by now an integral part of the region.

Сonclusion

I        reland is a well-known country that has numerous wonderful “nicknames”. Known as the Miracle of Europe or the Emerald isle, it is an enchanting state, where everyone can become a hero of one natural fairy-tale. It is a land of treasures with its exciting history and megalithic structures created by people. Visiting Ireland you may see its rich cultural heritage, taste its delicious cuisine and drinks and feel the warmth and ease of people living there. No wonder there is one saying: “In Ireland there are no strangers, only friends you’ve yet to meet.” We  hope I could give we  a little information about Irish attractions, and it will help you decide for yourself.

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